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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<chapter label="1" id="introduction">
<title>Introduction</title>
<highlights><para>Welcome to the Adélie Linux 1.0 Administrator's Handbook. You'll learn a lot about how to adminster your Adélie Linux computer. We'll get started by looking at how Adélie Linux compares to other popular operating environments, and some of the software used that we will learn more about in the chapters ahead.</para></highlights>
<section>
<title>Comparison of Adélie with other environments</title>
<para>Adélie Linux is a Linux distribution focused on security, speed, reliability, and correctness. Since it is based on the Linux kernel, it shares some common traits with other Linux distributions. However, it has many unique facets as well.</para>
<para>One of the defining differences of Adélie Linux is the commitment to run on many different hardware platforms. The first comparison we will make is the hardware platforms that various environments support.</para>
<table frame="all">
<title>Hardware platforms supported</title>
<tgroup cols="10" align="left" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
<thead>
<row>
<entry>Environment</entry>
<entry>DEC Alpha</entry>
<entry>ARM 32 / 64</entry>
<entry>HP PA-RISC</entry>
<entry>Intel 32 / 64</entry>
<entry>m68K</entry>
<entry>MIPS</entry>
<entry>PowerPC 32 / 64</entry>
<entry>S390x</entry>
<entry>SPARC64</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>Adélie Linux</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✓ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✓ / ✓</entry>
<entry>Dev<footnote label="*" id="port_in_dev"><para>This port is in active development. It is not currently available yet.</para></footnote></entry>
<entry>Dev<footnoteref linkend="port_in_dev"/></entry>
<entry>✓ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>Dev<footnoteref linkend="port_in_dev"/></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Alpine Linux</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✓ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✓ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗ / ✗</entry>
<entry>✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Arch Linux</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✓ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗<footnote label="$"><para>An unofficial port exists, but official support was removed in October 2018.</para></footnote> / ✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗ / ✗</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Debian GNU/Linux</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✓ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✓<footnote label="†" id="deb_unofficial"><para>This is an unofficial Debian port and may be removed from Debian at any time.</para></footnote></entry>
<entry>✓ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✓<footnoteref linkend="deb_unofficial"/></entry>
<entry>✓</entry>
<entry>✓<footnoteref linkend="deb_unofficial"/> / ✓<footnoteref linkend="deb_unofficial"/></entry>
<entry>✓</entry>
<entry>✓<footnoteref linkend="deb_unofficial"/></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Fedora</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✓ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗ / ✗</entry>
<entry>✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>FreeBSD</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✓ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✓ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✓</entry>
<entry>✓ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✓</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Gentoo Linux</entry>
<entry>✓</entry>
<entry>✓ / ✗</entry>
<entry>✓</entry>
<entry>✓ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✓ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✓</entry>
<entry>✓</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Mac OS X</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✓<footnote label="#"><para>Mac OS X supported 32-bit and 64-bit PowerPC until 10.5.</para></footnote></entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Windows</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✓ / ✓</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗ / ✗</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
<entry>✗</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<para>Next, let's compare the policies of these environments.</para>
<table frame="all">
<title>Policies</title>
<tgroup cols="5" align="left" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
<thead>
<row>
<entry>Environment</entry>
<entry>Release cycle</entry>
<entry>Libre software</entry>
<entry>Proprietary software</entry>
<entry>Package manager</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>Adélie Linux</entry>
<entry>Release every 18 months; support for 3 years</entry>
<entry>All libre licenses allowed</entry>
<entry>Not available</entry>
<entry>APK</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Alpine Linux</entry>
<entry>Release every 6 months; support for 2 years</entry>
<entry>All libre licenses allowed</entry>
<entry>Limited</entry>
<entry>APK</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Arch Linux</entry>
<entry>"Rolling"; no stable release</entry>
<entry>All libre licenses allowed</entry>
<entry>Non-libre software in core repositories</entry>
<entry>Pacman</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Debian GNU/Linux</entry>
<entry>Release every 2 years; support for 3 years</entry>
<entry>All libre licenses allowed</entry>
<entry>Available in specific repository only</entry>
<entry>dpkg or apt-get</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>FreeBSD</entry>
<entry>Release every 2 years; support varies</entry>
<entry>All libre licenses allowed</entry>
<entry>Not available</entry>
<entry>pkg-ng, or compiled from ports</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Gentoo Linux</entry>
<entry>Weekly snapshots; no stable release</entry>
<entry>All libre licenses allowed</entry>
<entry>Available only if user allows them</entry>
<entry>Portage</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Mac OS X</entry>
<entry>Stable release every year; support for 2 years</entry>
<entry>BSD and MIT-style only; most GPL software not allowed</entry>
<entry>Most system components</entry>
<entry>App Store</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Windows</entry>
<entry>"Rolling"; no stable release</entry>
<entry>All libre licenses allowed</entry>
<entry>All system components</entry>
<entry>Various</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
</section>
</chapter>
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