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2021-03-26fix dl_iterate_phdr dlpi_tls_data reporting to match specRich Felker1-1/+2
dl_iterate_phdr was wrongly reporting the address of the DSO's PT_TLS image rather than the calling thread's instance of the TLS. the man page, which is essentially normative for a nonstandard function of this sort, clearly specifies the latter. it does not clarify where exactly within/relative-to the image the pointer should point, but the reasonable thing to do is match the ABI's DTP offset, and this seems to be what other implementations do.
2020-11-11lift child restrictions after multi-threaded forkRich Felker1-0/+2
as the outcome of Austin Group tracker issue #62, future editions of POSIX have dropped the requirement that fork be AS-safe. this allows but does not require implementations to synchronize fork with internal locks and give forked children of multithreaded parents a partly or fully unrestricted execution environment where they can continue to use the standard library (per POSIX, they can only portably use AS-safe functions). up until recently, taking this allowance did not seem desirable. however, commit 8ed2bd8bfcb4ea6448afb55a941f4b5b2b0398c0 exposed the extent to which applications and libraries are depending on the ability to use malloc and other non-AS-safe interfaces in MT-forked children, by converting latent very-low-probability catastrophic state corruption into predictable deadlock. dealing with the fallout has been a huge burden for users/distros. while it looks like most of the non-portable usage in applications could be fixed given sufficient effort, at least some of it seems to occur in language runtimes which are exposing the ability to run unrestricted code in the child as part of the contract with the programmer. any attempt at fixing such contracts is not just a technical problem but a social one, and is probably not tractable. this patch extends the fork function to take locks for all libc singletons in the parent, and release or reset those locks in the child, so that when the underlying fork operation takes place, the state protected by these locks is consistent and ready for the child to use. locking is skipped in the case where the parent is single-threaded so as not to interfere with legacy AS-safety property of fork in single-threaded programs. lock order is mostly arbitrary, but the malloc locks (including bump allocator in case it's used) must be taken after the locks on any subsystems that might use malloc, and non-AS-safe locks cannot be taken while the thread list lock is held, imposing a requirement that it be taken last.
2020-11-11convert malloc use under libc-internal locks to use internal allocatorRich Felker1-0/+5
this change lifts undocumented restrictions on calls by replacement mallocs to libc functions that might take these locks, and sets the stage for lifting restrictions on the child execution environment after multithreaded fork. care is taken to #define macros to replace all four functions (malloc, calloc, realloc, free) even if not all of them will be used, using an undefined symbol name for the ones intended not to be used so that any inadvertent future use will be caught at compile time rather than directed to the wrong implementation.
2020-11-11dlerror: don't gratuitously hold freebuf_queue lock while freeingRich Felker1-5/+8
thread-local buffers allocated for dlerror need to be queued for free at a later time when the owning thread exits, since malloc may be replaced by application code and the exiting context is not valid to call application code from. the code to process queue of pending frees, introduced in commit aa5a9d15e09851f7b4a1668e9dbde0f6234abada, gratuitously held the lock for the entire duration of queue processing, updating the global queue pointer after each free, despite there being no logical requirement that all frees finish before another thread can access the queue. instead, immediately claim the whole queue for freeing and release the lock, then walk the list and perform frees without the lock held. the change is unlikely to make any meaningful difference to performance, but it eliminates one point where the allocator is called under an internal lock. since the allocator may be application-provided, such calls are undesirable because they allow application code to impede forward progress of libc functions in other threads arbitrarily long, and to induce deadlock if it calls a libc function that requires the same lock. the change also eliminates a lock ordering consideration that's an impediment upcoming work with multithreaded fork.
2019-11-03fix time64 link regression of dlsym stub for static-linked programsRich Felker1-0/+4
in commit 22daaea39f1cc5f7391f0a5cd84576ffb58c2860, the __dlsym_redir_time64 function providing the backend for __dlsym_time64 was defined only in the dynamic linker, and thus was undefined when static linking a program referencing dlsym. use the same stub_dlsym definition that provides __dlsym (the non-redirecting backend) for static linked programs to provide it, conditional on _REDIR_TIME64.
2019-11-02add __dlsym_time64 asm entry point for all legacy-32bit-time_t archsRich Felker9-0/+27
2019-09-29remove remaining traces of __tls_get_newSzabolcs Nagy4-11/+1
Some declarations of __tls_get_new were left in the code, even though the definition got removed in commit 9d44b6460ab603487dab4d916342d9ba4467e6b9 install dynamic tls synchronously at dlopen, streamline access this can make the build fail with ld: lib/libc.so: hidden symbol `__tls_get_new' isn't defined when libc.so is linked without --gc-sections, because a .hidden declaration in asm code creates a reference even if the symbol is not actually used.
2019-09-11fix arm __tlsdesc_dynamic when built as thumb code without __ARM_ARCH>=5Rich Felker1-0/+4
we don't actually support building asm source files as thumb1, but it's possible that the condition __ARM_ARCH>=5 would be false on old compilers that did not define __ARM_ARCH at all. avoiding that would require enumerating all of the possible __ARM_ARCH_*__ macros for testing. as noted in commit 05870abeaac0588fb9115cfd11f96880a0af2108, mov lr,pc is not valid for saving a return address when in thumb mode. since this code is a hot path (dynamic TLS access), don't do the out-of-line bl->bx chaining to save the return value; instead, use the fact that this file is preprocessed asm to add the missing thumb bit with an add in place of the mov. the change here does not affect builds for ISA levels new enough to have a thread pointer read instruction, or for armv5 and later as long as the compiler properly defines __ARM_ARCH, or for any build as arm (not thumb) code. it's likely that it makes no difference whatsoever to any present-day practical build environments, but nonetheless now it's safe. as an alternative, we could just assume __thumb__ implies availability of blx since we don't support building asm source files as thumb1. I didn't do that in order to avoid having a wrong assumption here if that ever changes.
2019-07-02remove stray .end directives from powerpc[64] asmFangrui Song2-2/+0
maintainer's note: these are not meaningful/correct/needed and the clang integrated assembler errors out upon seeing them.
2019-06-14add riscv64 architecture supportRich Felker1-0/+6
Author: Alex Suykov <alex.suykov@gmail.com> Author: Aric Belsito <lluixhi@gmail.com> Author: Drew DeVault <sir@cmpwn.com> Author: Michael Clark <mjc@sifive.com> Author: Michael Forney <mforney@mforney.org> Author: Stefan O'Rear <sorear2@gmail.com> This port has involved the work of many people over several years. I have tried to ensure that everyone with substantial contributions has been credited above; if any omissions are found they will be noted later in an update to the authors/contributors list in the COPYRIGHT file. The version committed here comes from the riscv/riscv-musl repo's commit 3fe7e2c75df78eef42dcdc352a55757729f451e2, with minor changes by me for issues found during final review: - a_ll/a_sc atomics are removed (according to the ISA spec, lr/sc are not safe to use in separate inline asm fragments) - a_cas[_p] is fixed to be a memory barrier - the call from the _start assembly into the C part of crt1/ldso is changed to allow for the possibility that the linker does not place them nearby each other. - DTP_OFFSET is defined correctly so that local-dynamic TLS works - reloc.h LDSO_ARCH logic is simplified and made explicit. - unused, non-functional crti/n asm files are removed. - an empty .sdata section is added to crt1 so that the __global_pointer reference is resolvable. - indentation style errors in some asm files are fixed.
2019-05-26optimize aarch64 dynamic tlsdesc function to spill fewer registersRich Felker1-10/+7
with the glibc generation counter model for reusing dynamic tls slots after dlclose, it's really not possible to get away with fewer than 4 working registers. for us however it's always been possible, but tricky, and only became apparent after the switch to installing new dynamic tls at dlopen time. by merging the negated thread pointer into the addend early, the register holding the thread pointer can immediately be reused, bringing the working register count down to three. this allows saving/restoring via a single stp/ldp pair, since the return register x0 does not need to be saved. net reduction of 3 instructions, 2 of which were push/pop.
2019-02-18install dynamic tls synchronously at dlopen, streamline accessRich Felker4-104/+3
previously, dynamic loading of new libraries with thread-local storage allocated the storage needed for all existing threads at load-time, precluding late failure that can't be handled, but left installation in existing threads to take place lazily on first access. this imposed an additional memory access and branch on every dynamic tls access, and imposed a requirement, which was not actually met, that the dynamic tlsdesc asm functions preserve all call-clobbered registers before calling C code to to install new dynamic tls on first access. the x86[_64] versions of this code wrongly omitted saving and restoring of fpu/vector registers, assuming the compiler would not generate anything using them in the called C code. the arm and aarch64 versions saved known existing registers, but failed to be future-proof against expansion of the register file. now that we track live threads in a list, it's possible to install the new dynamic tls for each thread at dlopen time. for the most part, synchronization is not needed, because if a thread has not synchronized with completion of the dlopen, there is no way it can meaningfully request access to a slot past the end of the old dtv, which remains valid for accessing slots which already existed. however, it is necessary to ensure that, if a thread sees its new dtv pointer, it sees correct pointers in each of the slots that existed prior to the dlopen. my understanding is that, on most real-world coherency architectures including all the ones we presently support, a built-in consume order guarantees this; however, don't rely on that. instead, the SYS_membarrier syscall is used to ensure that all threads see the stores to the slots of their new dtv prior to the installation of the new dtv. if it is not supported, the same is implemented in userspace via signals, using the same mechanism as __synccall. the __tls_get_addr function, variants, and dynamic tlsdesc asm functions are all updated to remove the fallback paths for claiming new dynamic tls, and are now all branch-free.
2019-02-15defer free of thread-local dlerror buffers from inconsistent contextRich Felker1-2/+20
__dl_thread_cleanup is called from the context of an exiting thread that is not in a consistent state valid for calling application code. since commit c9f415d7ea2dace5bf77f6518b6afc36bb7a5732, it's possible (and supported usage) for the allocator to have been replaced by the application, so __dl_thread_cleanup can no longer call free. instead, reuse the message buffer as a linked-list pointer, and queue it to be freed the next time any dynamic linker error message is generated.
2018-10-09fix build regression on armhf in tlsdesc asmRich Felker1-0/+1
when invoking the assembler, arm gcc does not always pass the right flags to enable use of vfp instruction mnemonics. for C code it produces, it emits the .fpu directive, but this does not help when building asm source files, which tlsdesc needs to be. to fix, use an explicit directive here. commit 0beb9dfbecad38af9759b1e83eeb007e28b70abb introduced this regression. it has not appeared in any release.
2018-10-01inline cp15 thread pointer load in arm dynamic TLSDESC asm when possibleRich Felker1-0/+9
the indirect function call is a significant portion of the code path for the dynamic case, and most users are probably building for ISA levels where it can be omitted. we could drop at least one register save/restore (lr) with this change, and possibly another (ip) with some clever shuffling, but it's not clear whether there's a way to do it that's not more expensive, or whether avoiding the save/restore would have any practical effect, so in the interest of avoiding complexity it's omitted for now.
2018-10-01add TLSDESC support for 32-bit armRich Felker1-0/+62
unlike other asm where the baseline ISA is used, these functions are hot paths and use ISA-level specializations. call-clobbered vfp registers are saved before calling __tls_get_new, since there is no guarantee it won't use them. while setjmp/longjmp have to use hwcap to decide whether to the fpu is in use, since application code could be using vfp registers even if libc was compiled as pure softfloat, __tls_get_new is part of libc and can be assumed not to have access to vfp registers if tlsdesc.S does not. thus it suffices just to check the predefined preprocessor macros. the check for __ARM_PCS_VFP is redundant; !__SOFTFP__ must always be true if the target ISA level includes fpu instructions/registers.
2018-09-12reduce spurious inclusion of libc.hRich Felker7-7/+0
libc.h was intended to be a header for access to global libc state and related interfaces, but ended up included all over the place because it was the way to get the weak_alias macro. most of the inclusions removed here are places where weak_alias was needed. a few were recently introduced for hidden. some go all the way back to when libc.h defined CANCELPT_BEGIN and _END, and all (wrongly implemented) cancellation points had to include it. remaining spurious users are mostly callers of the LOCK/UNLOCK macros and files that use the LFS64 macro to define the awful *64 aliases. in a few places, new inclusion of libc.h is added because several internal headers no longer implicitly include libc.h. declarations for __lockfile and __unlockfile are moved from libc.h to stdio_impl.h so that the latter does not need libc.h. putting them in libc.h made no sense at all, since the macros in stdio_impl.h are needed to use them correctly anyway.
2018-09-12move tlsdesc and internal dl function declarations to dynlink.hRich Felker7-16/+7
2018-09-05define and use internal macros for hidden visibility, weak refsRich Felker7-20/+12
this cleans up what had become widespread direct inline use of "GNU C" style attributes directly in the source, and lowers the barrier to increased use of hidden visibility, which will be useful to recovering some of the efficiency lost when the protected visibility hack was dropped in commit dc2f368e565c37728b0d620380b849c3a1ddd78f, especially on archs where the PLT ABI is costly.
2018-06-19add m68k portRich Felker1-0/+12
three ABIs are supported: the default with 68881 80-bit fpu format and results returned in floating point registers, softfloat-only with the same format, and coldfire fpu with IEEE single/double only. only the first is tested at all, and only under qemu which has fpu emulation bugs. basic functionality smoke tests have been performed for the most common arch-specific breakage via libc-test and qemu user-level emulation. some sysvipc failures remain, but are shared with other big endian archs and will be fixed separately.
2018-06-02fix TLS layout of TLS variant I when there is a gap above TPSzabolcs Nagy1-3/+2
In TLS variant I the TLS is above TP (or above a fixed offset from TP) but on some targets there is a reserved gap above TP before TLS starts. This matters for the local-exec tls access model when the offsets of TLS variables from the TP are hard coded by the linker into the executable, so the libc must compute these offsets the same way as the linker. The tls offset of the main module has to be alignup(GAP_ABOVE_TP, main_tls_align). If there is no TLS in the main module then the gap can be ignored since musl does not use it and the tls access models of shared libraries are not affected. The previous setup only worked if (tls_align & -GAP_ABOVE_TP) == 0 (i.e. TLS did not require large alignment) because the gap was treated as a fixed offset from TP. Now the TP points at the end of the pthread struct (which is aligned) and there is a gap above it (which may also need alignment). The fix required changing TP_ADJ and __pthread_self on affected targets (aarch64, arm and sh) and in the tlsdesc asm the offset to access the dtv changed too.
2017-04-11fix dl_iterate_phdr in static PIE binariesRich Felker1-0/+5
analogous to commit 5bf7eba213cacc4c1220627c91c28deff2ffecda, use of AT_PHDR/PT_PHDR does not actually work to find the program base, and the method with _DYNAMIC vs PT_DYNAMIC must be used as an alternative. patch by Shiz, along with testing to confirm that this fixes unwinding in static PIE.
2017-03-14in static dl_iterate_phdr, fix use of possibly-uninitialized aux dataRich Felker1-1/+1
this could only happen if an incomplete auxv was passed into the program, but it's better to just initialize the data anyway.
2017-02-15s390x: implement dlsymBobby Bingham1-0/+6
This was missed when writing the port initially.
2016-05-08add powerpc64 portBobby Bingham1-0/+12
2016-04-18add mips n32 port (ILP32 ABI for mips64)Rich Felker1-0/+17
based on patch submitted by Jaydeep Patil, with minor changes.
2016-03-06add mips64 portRich Felker1-0/+17
patch by Mahesh Bodapati and Jaydeep Patil of Imagination Technologies.
2016-01-25move dynamic linker to its own top-level directory, ldsoRich Felker3-2087/+0
this eliminates the last need for the SHARED macro to control how files in the src tree are compiled. the same code is used for both libc.a and libc.so, with additional code for the dynamic linker (from the new ldso tree) being added to libc.so but not libc.a. separate .o and .lo object files still exist for the src tree, but the only difference is that the .lo files are built as PIC. in the future, if/when we add dlopen support for static-linked programs, much of the code in dynlink.c may be moved back into the src tree, but properly factored into separate source files. in that case, the code in the ldso tree will be reduced to just the dynamic linker entry point, self-relocation, and loading of libraries needed by the main application.
2016-01-25adapt static dl_iterate_phdr not to depend on !defined(SHARED)Rich Felker1-4/+3
like elsewhere, use a weak alias that the dynamic linker will override with a more complete version capable of handling shared libraries.
2016-01-25move static-linked stub dlsym out of dynlink.cRich Felker2-11/+15
the function name is still __-prefixed because it requires an asm wrapper to pass the caller's address in order for RTLD_NEXT to work. since this was the last function in dynlink.c still used for static linking, now the whole file is conditional on SHARED being defined.
2016-01-25move static-linked stub dlopen out of dynlink.cRich Felker2-5/+13
2016-01-25move dlinfo out of dynlink.cRich Felker2-16/+12
2016-01-25move dlclose out of dynlink.c to its own source fileRich Felker2-5/+9
2016-01-25move static-linked stub invalid dso handle checking out of dynlink.cRich Felker2-9/+20
2016-01-25move static/stub version of dladdr out of dynlink.cRich Felker2-9/+6
2016-01-25factor dlerror and error-setting code out of dynlink.cRich Felker2-32/+55
the ultimate goal of this change is to get all code used in libc.a out of dynlink.c, so that the dynamic linker code can be moved to its own tree and object files in the src tree can all be shared between libc.a and libc.so.
2016-01-22add arch/abi info to dynamic linker's id/version outputRich Felker1-1/+1
2016-01-22move arm-specific translation units out of arch/arm/src, to src/*/armRich Felker1-0/+42
this is possible with the new build system that allows src/*/$(ARCH)/* files which do not shadow a file in the parent directory, and yields a more logical organization. eventually it will be possible to remove arch/*/src from the build system.
2015-11-28ldso: fix the dtv update logic in __tls_get_newSzabolcs Nagy1-1/+1
if two or more threads accessed tls in a dso that was loaded after the threads were created, then __tls_get_new could do out-of-bound memory access (leading to segfault). accidentally byte count was used instead of element count when the new dtv pointer was computed. (dso->new_dtv is (void**).) it is rare that the same dso provides dtv for several threads, the crash was not observed in practice, but possible to trigger.
2015-11-19remove undef weak refs to init/fini array symbols in libc.soRich Felker1-0/+9
commit ad1cd43a86645ba2d4f7c8747240452a349d6bc1 eliminated preprocessor-level omission of references to the init/fini array symbols from object files going into libc.so. the references are weak, and the intent was that the linker would resolve them to zero in libc.so, but instead it leaves undefined references that could be satisfied at runtime. normally these references would be harmless, since the code using them does not even get executed, but some older binutils versions produce a linking error: when linking a program against libc.so, ld first tries to use the hidden init/fini array symbols produced by the linker script to satisfy the references in libc.so, then produces an error because the definitions are hidden. ideally ld would have already provided definitions of these symbols when linking libc.so, but the linker script for -shared omits them. to avoid this situation, the dynamic linker now provides its own dummy definitions of the init/fini array symbols for libc.so. since they are hidden, everything binds at ld time and no references remain in the dynamic symbol table. with modern binutils and --gc-sections, both the dummy empty array objects and the code referencing them get dropped at link time, anyway. the _init and _fini symbols are also switched back to using weak definitions rather than weak references since the latter behave somewhat problematically in general, and the weak definition approach was known to work well.
2015-11-15use private maps even for read-only segments of FDPIC librariesRich Felker1-1/+1
the nommu kernel shares memory when it can anyway for private read-only maps, but semantically the map should be private. this can make a difference when debugging breakpoints are to be used, in which case the kernel may need to ensure that the mapping is not shared. the new behavior matches how the kernel FDPIC loader maps the main program and/or program interpreter (dynamic linker) binary.
2015-11-12remove use of SHARED macro in dynamic linker version reportingRich Felker1-0/+1
also fix visibility of the glue function used.
2015-11-12unify static and dynamic linked implementations of thread-local storageRich Felker1-86/+54
this both allows removal of some of the main remaining uses of the SHARED macro and clears one obstacle to static-linked dlopen support, which may be added at some point in the future. specialized single-TLS-module versions of __copy_tls and __reset_tls are removed and replaced with code adapted from their dynamic-linked versions, capable of operating on a whole chain of TLS modules, and use of the dynamic linker's DSO chain (which contains large struct dso objects) by these functions is replaced with a new chain of struct tls_module objects containing only the information needed for implementing TLS. this may also yield some performance benefit initializing TLS for a new thread when a large number of modules without TLS have been loaded, since since there is no need to walk structures for modules without TLS.
2015-11-11unify static and dynamic libc init/fini code pathsRich Felker1-3/+1
use weak definitions that the dynamic linker can override instead of preprocessor conditionals on SHARED so that the same libc start and exit code can be used for both static and dynamic linking.
2015-11-11fix dynamic loader library mapping for nommu systemsRich Felker1-4/+15
on linux/nommu, non-writable private mappings of files may actually use memory shared with other processes or the fs cache. the old nommu loader code (used when mmap with MAP_FIXED fails) simply wrote over top of the original file mapping, possibly clobbering this shared memory. no such breakage was observed in practice, but it should have been possible. the new code starts by mapping anonymous writable memory on archs that might support nommu, then maps load segments over top of it, falling back to read if MAP_FIXED fails. we use an anonymous map rather than a writable file map to avoid reading more data from disk than needed. since pages cannot be loaded lazily on fault, in case of large data/bss, mapping the full file may read a lot of data that will subsequently be thrown away when processing additional LOAD segments. as a result, we cannot skip the first LOAD segment when operating in this mode. these changes affect only non-FDPIC nommu support.
2015-11-10explicitly assemble all arm asm sources as UALRich Felker1-0/+1
these files are all accepted as legacy arm syntax when producing arm code, but legacy syntax cannot be used for producing thumb2 with access to the full ISA. even after switching to UAL, some asm source files contain instructions which are not valid in thumb mode, so these will need to be addressed separately.
2015-10-28fix missing bss handling in FDPIC ELF loaderRich Felker1-0/+13
when a library being loaded has bss (i.e. data segment with p_memsz>p_filesz), this region needs to be zeroed with a combination of memset and/or mmap. the regular ELF loader always did this but the FDPIC code path omitted it, leading to objects in bss having uninitialized/junk contents.
2015-10-15fix dladdr treatment of function descriptors for fdpicRich Felker1-9/+22
when determining which module an address belongs to, all function descriptor ranges must be checked first, in case the allocated memory falls inside another module's memory range. dladdr itself must also check addresses against function descriptors before doing a best-match search against the symbol table. even when doing the latter (e.g. for code addresses obtained from mcontext_t), also check whether the best-match was a function, and if so, replace the result with a function descriptor address. which is the nominal "base address" of the function and which the caller needs if it intends to subsequently call the matching function.
2015-10-15fix visibility mismatch in dynamic linker stage 2 function definitionRich Felker1-0/+1
since commits 2907afb8dbd4c1d34825c3c9bd2b41564baca210 and 6fc30c2493fcfedec89e45088bea87766a1e3286, __dls2 is no longer called via symbol lookup, but instead uses relative addressing that needs to be resolved at link time. on some linker versions, and/or if -Bsymbolic-functions is not used, the linker may leave behind a dynamic relocation, which is not suitable for bootstrapping the dynamic linker, if the reference to __dls2 is marked hidden but the definition is not actually hidden. correcting the definition to use hidden visibility fixes the problem. the static-PIE entry point rcrt1 was likewise affected and is also fixed by this patch.
2015-09-22fix dlsym RTLD_NEXT behavior for fdpicRich Felker1-4/+28
lookup the dso an address falls in based on the loadmap and not just a base/length. fix the main app's fake loadmap used when loaded by a non-fdpic-aware loader so that it does not cover the whole memory space. function descriptor addresses are also matched for future use by dladdr, but reverse lookups of function descriptors via dladdr have not been implemented yet. some revisions may be needed in the future once reclaim_gaps supports fdpic, so that function descriptors allocated in reclaimed heap space do not get detected as belonging to the module whose gaps they were allocated in.