Style: black 23, skip magic trailing comma (#35351)

* Style: black 23, skip magic trailing commas

* isort should use same line length as black

* Fix unused import

* Update version of black used in CI

* Update new packages

* Update new packages

158 files changed, 367 insertions, 1650 deletions

diff --git a/lib/spack/docs/conf.py b/lib/spack/docs/conf.py
index fdf40f79cb..2b04fa642f 100644
--- a/lib/spack/docs/conf.py
+++ b/lib/spack/docs/conf.py
@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ sphinx_apidoc(apidoc_args + ["_spack_root/lib/spack/llnl"])
 # Enable todo items
 todo_include_todos = True
 
+
 #
 # Disable duplicate cross-reference warnings.
 #
@@ -353,9 +354,7 @@ latex_elements = {
 
 # Grouping the document tree into LaTeX files. List of tuples
 # (source start file, target name, title, author, documentclass [howto/manual]).
-latex_documents = [
-    ("index", "Spack.tex", "Spack Documentation", "Todd Gamblin", "manual"),
-]
+latex_documents = [("index", "Spack.tex", "Spack Documentation", "Todd Gamblin", "manual")]
 
 # The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top of
 # the title page.
@@ -402,7 +401,7 @@ texinfo_documents = [
         "Spack",
         "One line description of project.",
         "Miscellaneous",
-    ),
+    )
 ]
 
 # Documents to append as an appendix to all manuals.
@@ -418,6 +417,4 @@ texinfo_documents = [
 # -- Extension configuration -------------------------------------------------
 
 # sphinx.ext.intersphinx
-intersphinx_mapping = {
-    "python": ("https://docs.python.org/3", None),
-}
+intersphinx_mapping = {"python": ("https://docs.python.org/3", None)}
diff --git a/lib/spack/llnl/util/filesystem.py b/lib/spack/llnl/util/filesystem.py
index b39a17b52a..330ee35911 100644
--- a/lib/spack/llnl/util/filesystem.py
+++ b/lib/spack/llnl/util/filesystem.py
@@ -268,7 +268,6 @@ def filter_file(
         regex = re.escape(regex)
     filenames = path_to_os_path(*filenames)
     for filename in filenames:
-
         msg = 'FILTER FILE: {0} [replacing "{1}"]'
         tty.debug(msg.format(filename, regex))
 
@@ -1220,7 +1219,6 @@ def traverse_tree(
         # target is relative to the link, then that may not resolve properly
         # relative to our cwd - see resolve_link_target_relative_to_the_link
         if os.path.isdir(source_child) and (follow_links or not os.path.islink(source_child)):
-
             # When follow_nonexisting isn't set, don't descend into dirs
             # in source that do not exist in dest
             if follow_nonexisting or os.path.exists(dest_child):
@@ -1662,7 +1660,6 @@ def find(root, files, recursive=True):
 
 @system_path_filter
 def _find_recursive(root, search_files):
-
     # The variable here is **on purpose** a defaultdict. The idea is that
     # we want to poke the filesystem as little as possible, but still maintain
     # stability in the order of the answer. Thus we are recording each library
diff --git a/lib/spack/llnl/util/lang.py b/lib/spack/llnl/util/lang.py
index b03558b4f7..2f484cb874 100644
--- a/lib/spack/llnl/util/lang.py
+++ b/lib/spack/llnl/util/lang.py
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ def memoized(func):
         except TypeError as e:
             # TypeError is raised when indexing into a dict if the key is unhashable.
             raise UnhashableArguments(
-                "args + kwargs '{}' was not hashable for function '{}'".format(key, func.__name__),
+                "args + kwargs '{}' was not hashable for function '{}'".format(key, func.__name__)
             ) from e
 
     return _memoized_function
@@ -237,6 +237,7 @@ def decorator_with_or_without_args(decorator):
         @decorator
 
     """
+
     # See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/653368 for more on this
     @functools.wraps(decorator)
     def new_dec(*args, **kwargs):
@@ -990,8 +991,7 @@ def enum(**kwargs):
 
 
 def stable_partition(
-    input_iterable: Iterable,
-    predicate_fn: Callable[[Any], bool],
+    input_iterable: Iterable, predicate_fn: Callable[[Any], bool]
 ) -> Tuple[List[Any], List[Any]]:
     """Partition the input iterable according to a custom predicate.
 
@@ -1104,11 +1104,7 @@ class GroupedExceptionForwarder(object):
 
     def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb):
         if exc_value is not None:
-            self._handler._receive_forwarded(
-                self._context,
-                exc_value,
-                traceback.format_tb(tb),
-            )
+            self._handler._receive_forwarded(self._context, exc_value, traceback.format_tb(tb))
 
         # Suppress any exception from being re-raised:
         # https://docs.python.org/3/reference/datamodel.html#object.__exit__.
diff --git a/lib/spack/llnl/util/tty/__init__.py b/lib/spack/llnl/util/tty/__init__.py
index c723fe8051..ba9a627587 100644
--- a/lib/spack/llnl/util/tty/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/spack/llnl/util/tty/__init__.py
@@ -108,7 +108,6 @@ class SuppressOutput:
     """Class for disabling output in a scope using 'with' keyword"""
 
     def __init__(self, msg_enabled=True, warn_enabled=True, error_enabled=True):
-
         self._msg_enabled_initial = _msg_enabled
         self._warn_enabled_initial = _warn_enabled
         self._error_enabled_initial = _error_enabled
diff --git a/lib/spack/llnl/util/tty/log.py b/lib/spack/llnl/util/tty/log.py
index 9a3ee46450..f2aed3d5b9 100644
--- a/lib/spack/llnl/util/tty/log.py
+++ b/lib/spack/llnl/util/tty/log.py
@@ -161,10 +161,7 @@ class keyboard_input(object):
     def _get_canon_echo_flags(self):
         """Get current termios canonical and echo settings."""
         cfg = termios.tcgetattr(self.stream)
-        return (
-            bool(cfg[3] & termios.ICANON),
-            bool(cfg[3] & termios.ECHO),
-        )
+        return (bool(cfg[3] & termios.ICANON), bool(cfg[3] & termios.ECHO))
 
     def _enable_keyboard_input(self):
         """Disable canonical input and echoing on ``self.stream``."""
diff --git a/lib/spack/llnl/util/tty/pty.py b/lib/spack/llnl/util/tty/pty.py
index 1b5626f4ff..db959b3cff 100644
--- a/lib/spack/llnl/util/tty/pty.py
+++ b/lib/spack/llnl/util/tty/pty.py
@@ -77,10 +77,7 @@ class ProcessController(object):
     def get_canon_echo_attrs(self):
         """Get echo and canon attributes of the terminal of controller_fd."""
         cfg = termios.tcgetattr(self.controller_fd)
-        return (
-            bool(cfg[3] & termios.ICANON),
-            bool(cfg[3] & termios.ECHO),
-        )
+        return (bool(cfg[3] & termios.ICANON), bool(cfg[3] & termios.ECHO))
 
     def horizontal_line(self, name):
         """Labled horizontal line for debugging."""
@@ -92,11 +89,7 @@ class ProcessController(object):
         if self.debug:
             canon, echo = self.get_canon_echo_attrs()
             sys.stderr.write(
-                "canon: %s, echo: %s\n"
-                % (
-                    "on" if canon else "off",
-                    "on" if echo else "off",
-                )
+                "canon: %s, echo: %s\n" % ("on" if canon else "off", "on" if echo else "off")
             )
             sys.stderr.write("input: %s\n" % self.input_on())
             sys.stderr.write("bg: %s\n" % self.background())
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/audit.py b/lib/spack/spack/audit.py
index a6e0a88b9c..441ec33136 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/audit.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/audit.py
@@ -321,8 +321,7 @@ def _check_patch_urls(pkgs, error_cls):
                     errors.append(
                         error_cls(
                             "patch URL in package {0} must end with {1}".format(
-                                pkg_cls.name,
-                                full_index_arg,
+                                pkg_cls.name, full_index_arg
                             ),
                             [patch.url],
                         )
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/binary_distribution.py b/lib/spack/spack/binary_distribution.py
index 1e1085707e..01f428c633 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/binary_distribution.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/binary_distribution.py
@@ -210,10 +210,7 @@ class BinaryCacheIndex(object):
                         break
                 else:
                     self._mirrors_for_spec[dag_hash].append(
-                        {
-                            "mirror_url": mirror_url,
-                            "spec": indexed_spec,
-                        }
+                        {"mirror_url": mirror_url, "spec": indexed_spec}
                     )
         finally:
             shutil.rmtree(tmpdir)
@@ -296,10 +293,7 @@ class BinaryCacheIndex(object):
                         break
                 else:
                     current_list.append(
-                        {
-                            "mirror_url": new_entry["mirror_url"],
-                            "spec": new_entry["spec"],
-                        }
+                        {"mirror_url": new_entry["mirror_url"], "spec": new_entry["spec"]}
                     )
 
     def update(self, with_cooldown=False):
@@ -367,8 +361,7 @@ class BinaryCacheIndex(object):
                     # May need to fetch the index and update the local caches
                     try:
                         needs_regen = self._fetch_and_cache_index(
-                            cached_mirror_url,
-                            cache_entry=cache_entry,
+                            cached_mirror_url, cache_entry=cache_entry
                         )
                         self._last_fetch_times[cached_mirror_url] = (now, True)
                         all_methods_failed = False
@@ -2006,12 +1999,7 @@ def try_direct_fetch(spec, mirrors=None):
             fetched_spec = Spec.from_json(specfile_contents)
         fetched_spec._mark_concrete()
 
-        found_specs.append(
-            {
-                "mirror_url": mirror.fetch_url,
-                "spec": fetched_spec,
-            }
-        )
+        found_specs.append({"mirror_url": mirror.fetch_url, "spec": fetched_spec})
 
     return found_specs
 
@@ -2313,11 +2301,7 @@ def download_single_spec(concrete_spec, destination, mirror_url=None):
     local_tarball_path = os.path.join(destination, tarball_dir_name)
 
     files_to_fetch = [
-        {
-            "url": [tarball_path_name],
-            "path": local_tarball_path,
-            "required": True,
-        },
+        {"url": [tarball_path_name], "path": local_tarball_path, "required": True},
         {
             "url": [
                 tarball_name(concrete_spec, ".spec.json.sig"),
@@ -2438,12 +2422,7 @@ class DefaultIndexFetcher:
                 response.headers.get("Etag", None) or response.headers.get("etag", None)
             )
 
-        return FetchIndexResult(
-            etag=etag,
-            hash=computed_hash,
-            data=result,
-            fresh=False,
-        )
+        return FetchIndexResult(etag=etag, hash=computed_hash, data=result, fresh=False)
 
 
 class EtagIndexFetcher:
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/__init__.py b/lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/__init__.py
index 225e7d808e..1dad6597a6 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/__init__.py
@@ -5,11 +5,7 @@
 """Function and classes needed to bootstrap Spack itself."""
 
 from .config import ensure_bootstrap_configuration, is_bootstrapping
-from .core import (
-    all_core_root_specs,
-    ensure_core_dependencies,
-    ensure_patchelf_in_path_or_raise,
-)
+from .core import all_core_root_specs, ensure_core_dependencies, ensure_patchelf_in_path_or_raise
 from .environment import BootstrapEnvironment, ensure_environment_dependencies
 from .status import status_message
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/_common.py b/lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/_common.py
index 31e6208ae6..3e464d1d86 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/_common.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/_common.py
@@ -59,10 +59,7 @@ def _try_import_from_store(module, query_spec, query_info=None):
         # to be picked up and used, possibly depending on something in the store, first
         # allows the bootstrap version to work when an incompatible version is in
         # sys.path
-        orders = [
-            module_paths + sys.path,
-            sys.path + module_paths,
-        ]
+        orders = [module_paths + sys.path, sys.path + module_paths]
         for path in orders:
             sys.path = path
             try:
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/core.py b/lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/core.py
index b9db0bad39..2021171a38 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/core.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/core.py
@@ -53,12 +53,7 @@ import spack.util.spack_yaml
 import spack.util.url
 import spack.version
 
-from ._common import (
-    _executables_in_store,
-    _python_import,
-    _root_spec,
-    _try_import_from_store,
-)
+from ._common import _executables_in_store, _python_import, _root_spec, _try_import_from_store
 from .config import spack_python_interpreter, spec_for_current_python
 
 #: Name of the file containing metadata about the bootstrapping source
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/environment.py b/lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/environment.py
index 7eb8d3ad58..cc8d6c09b4 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/environment.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/bootstrap/environment.py
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ def mypy_root_spec():
 
 def black_root_spec():
     """Return the root spec used to bootstrap black"""
-    return _root_spec("py-black@:22.12.0")
+    return _root_spec("py-black@:23.1.0")
 
 
 def flake8_root_spec():
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/build_environment.py b/lib/spack/spack/build_environment.py
index b8ede1638a..1506233de9 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/build_environment.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/build_environment.py
@@ -1016,7 +1016,6 @@ def get_cmake_prefix_path(pkg):
 def _setup_pkg_and_run(
     serialized_pkg, function, kwargs, child_pipe, input_multiprocess_fd, jsfd1, jsfd2
 ):
-
     context = kwargs.get("context", "build")
 
     try:
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/autotools.py b/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/autotools.py
index fbe495ab68..a2594203ff 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/autotools.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/autotools.py
@@ -110,11 +110,7 @@ class AutotoolsBuilder(BaseBuilder):
     phases = ("autoreconf", "configure", "build", "install")
 
     #: Names associated with package methods in the old build-system format
-    legacy_methods = (
-        "configure_args",
-        "check",
-        "installcheck",
-    )
+    legacy_methods = ("configure_args", "check", "installcheck")
 
     #: Names associated with package attributes in the old build-system format
     legacy_attributes = (
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/cached_cmake.py b/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/cached_cmake.py
index a98800a359..92b6a5122a 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/cached_cmake.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/cached_cmake.py
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ def cmake_cache_option(name, boolean_value, comment=""):
 
 
 class CachedCMakeBuilder(CMakeBuilder):
-
     #: Phases of a Cached CMake package
     #: Note: the initconfig phase is used for developer builds as a final phase to stop on
     phases: Tuple[str, ...] = ("initconfig", "cmake", "build", "install")
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/cmake.py b/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/cmake.py
index 06822c89a9..89a6c670d0 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/cmake.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/cmake.py
@@ -252,10 +252,7 @@ class CMakeBuilder(BaseBuilder):
 
         if platform.mac_ver()[0]:
             args.extend(
-                [
-                    define("CMAKE_FIND_FRAMEWORK", "LAST"),
-                    define("CMAKE_FIND_APPBUNDLE", "LAST"),
-                ]
+                [define("CMAKE_FIND_FRAMEWORK", "LAST"), define("CMAKE_FIND_APPBUNDLE", "LAST")]
             )
 
         # Set up CMake rpath
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/generic.py b/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/generic.py
index 1db40d9124..1e5759ae56 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/generic.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/generic.py
@@ -38,10 +38,7 @@ class GenericBuilder(BaseBuilder):
     legacy_methods: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
 
     #: Names associated with package attributes in the old build-system format
-    legacy_attributes: Tuple[str, ...] = (
-        "archive_files",
-        "install_time_test_callbacks",
-    )
+    legacy_attributes: Tuple[str, ...] = ("archive_files", "install_time_test_callbacks")
 
     #: Callback names for post-install phase tests
     install_time_test_callbacks = []
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/intel.py b/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/intel.py
index e9e9102043..771761119a 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/intel.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/intel.py
@@ -857,10 +857,7 @@ class IntelPackage(Package):
             raise_lib_error("Cannot find a BLACS library for the given MPI.")
 
         int_suff = "_" + self.intel64_int_suffix
-        scalapack_libnames = [
-            "libmkl_scalapack" + int_suff,
-            blacs_lib + int_suff,
-        ]
+        scalapack_libnames = ["libmkl_scalapack" + int_suff, blacs_lib + int_suff]
         sca_libs = find_libraries(
             scalapack_libnames, root=self.component_lib_dir("mkl"), shared=("+shared" in self.spec)
         )
@@ -1161,9 +1158,7 @@ class IntelPackage(Package):
         #
         # Ideally, we just tell the installer to look around on the system.
         # Thankfully, we neither need to care nor emulate where it looks:
-        license_type = {
-            "ACTIVATION_TYPE": "exist_lic",
-        }
+        license_type = {"ACTIVATION_TYPE": "exist_lic"}
 
         # However (and only), if the spack-internal Intel license file has been
         # populated beyond its templated explanatory comments, proffer it to
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/lua.py b/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/lua.py
index 2eda67e513..ad67f50825 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/lua.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/lua.py
@@ -68,10 +68,7 @@ class LuaBuilder(spack.builder.Builder):
 
     @staticmethod
     def _generate_tree_line(name, prefix):
-        return """{{ name = "{name}", root = "{prefix}" }};""".format(
-            name=name,
-            prefix=prefix,
-        )
+        return """{{ name = "{name}", root = "{prefix}" }};""".format(name=name, prefix=prefix)
 
     def generate_luarocks_config(self, pkg, spec, prefix):
         spec = self.pkg.spec
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/oneapi.py b/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/oneapi.py
index 09611b1a3a..a6f96d45eb 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/oneapi.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/oneapi.py
@@ -37,11 +37,7 @@ class IntelOneApiPackage(Package):
         conflicts(c, msg="This package in only available for x86_64 and Linux")
 
     # Add variant to toggle environment modifications from vars.sh
-    variant(
-        "envmods",
-        default=True,
-        description="Toggles environment modifications",
-    )
+    variant("envmods", default=True, description="Toggles environment modifications")
 
     @staticmethod
     def update_description(cls):
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/sip.py b/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/sip.py
index c7a345b245..c45254ebb0 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/sip.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/build_systems/sip.py
@@ -61,10 +61,7 @@ class SIPPackage(spack.package_base.PackageBase):
             list: list of strings of module names
         """
         modules = []
-        root = os.path.join(
-            self.prefix,
-            self.spec["python"].package.platlib,
-        )
+        root = os.path.join(self.prefix, self.spec["python"].package.platlib)
 
         # Some Python libraries are packages: collections of modules
         # distributed in directories containing __init__.py files
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/ci.py b/lib/spack/spack/ci.py
index 6ab6d12633..2eadb0929c 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/ci.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/ci.py
@@ -42,9 +42,7 @@ from spack.error import SpackError
 from spack.reporters import CDash, CDashConfiguration
 from spack.reporters.cdash import build_stamp as cdash_build_stamp
 
-JOB_RETRY_CONDITIONS = [
-    "always",
-]
+JOB_RETRY_CONDITIONS = ["always"]
 
 TEMP_STORAGE_MIRROR_NAME = "ci_temporary_mirror"
 SPACK_RESERVED_TAGS = ["public", "protected", "notary"]
@@ -129,10 +127,7 @@ def _remove_reserved_tags(tags):
 
 
 def _get_spec_string(spec):
-    format_elements = [
-        "{name}{@version}",
-        "{%compiler}",
-    ]
+    format_elements = ["{name}{@version}", "{%compiler}"]
 
     if spec.architecture:
         format_elements.append(" {arch=architecture}")
@@ -328,12 +323,7 @@ def _compute_spec_deps(spec_list, check_index_only=False, mirrors_to_check=None)
     dependencies = []
 
     def append_dep(s, d):
-        dependencies.append(
-            {
-                "spec": s,
-                "depends": d,
-            }
-        )
+        dependencies.append({"spec": s, "depends": d})
 
     for spec in spec_list:
         for s in spec.traverse(deptype=all):
@@ -346,10 +336,7 @@ def _compute_spec_deps(spec_list, check_index_only=False, mirrors_to_check=None)
             )
 
             skey = _spec_deps_key(s)
-            spec_labels[skey] = {
-                "spec": s,
-                "needs_rebuild": not up_to_date_mirrors,
-            }
+            spec_labels[skey] = {"spec": s, "needs_rebuild": not up_to_date_mirrors}
 
             for d in s.dependencies(deptype=all):
                 dkey = _spec_deps_key(d)
@@ -368,10 +355,7 @@ def _compute_spec_deps(spec_list, check_index_only=False, mirrors_to_check=None)
             }
         )
 
-    deps_json_obj = {
-        "specs": specs,
-        "dependencies": dependencies,
-    }
+    deps_json_obj = {"specs": specs, "dependencies": dependencies}
 
     return deps_json_obj
 
@@ -410,14 +394,7 @@ def _copy_attributes(attrs_list, src_dict, dest_dict):
 
 def _find_matching_config(spec, gitlab_ci):
     runner_attributes = {}
-    overridable_attrs = [
-        "image",
-        "tags",
-        "variables",
-        "before_script",
-        "script",
-        "after_script",
-    ]
+    overridable_attrs = ["image", "tags", "variables", "before_script", "script", "after_script"]
 
     _copy_attributes(overridable_attrs, gitlab_ci, runner_attributes)
 
@@ -685,28 +662,14 @@ def generate_gitlab_ci_yaml(
             except AttributeError:
                 phase_name = phase
                 strip_compilers = False
-            phases.append(
-                {
-                    "name": phase_name,
-                    "strip-compilers": strip_compilers,
-                }
-            )
+            phases.append({"name": phase_name, "strip-compilers": strip_compilers})
 
             for bs in env.spec_lists[phase_name]:
                 bootstrap_specs.append(
-                    {
-                        "spec": bs,
-                        "phase-name": phase_name,
-                        "strip-compilers": strip_compilers,
-                    }
+                    {"spec": bs, "phase-name": phase_name, "strip-compilers": strip_compilers}
                 )
 
-    phases.append(
-        {
-            "name": "specs",
-            "strip-compilers": False,
-        }
-    )
+    phases.append({"name": "specs", "strip-compilers": False})
 
     # If a remote mirror override (alternate buildcache destination) was
     # specified, add it here in case it has already built hashes we might
@@ -1109,15 +1072,9 @@ def generate_gitlab_ci_yaml(
                     "variables": variables,
                     "script": job_script,
                     "tags": tags,
-                    "artifacts": {
-                        "paths": artifact_paths,
-                        "when": "always",
-                    },
+                    "artifacts": {"paths": artifact_paths, "when": "always"},
                     "needs": sorted(job_dependencies, key=lambda d: d["job"]),
-                    "retry": {
-                        "max": 2,
-                        "when": JOB_RETRY_CONDITIONS,
-                    },
+                    "retry": {"max": 2, "when": JOB_RETRY_CONDITIONS},
                     "interruptible": True,
                 }
 
@@ -1135,10 +1092,7 @@ def generate_gitlab_ci_yaml(
                 if image_name:
                     job_object["image"] = image_name
                     if image_entry is not None:
-                        job_object["image"] = {
-                            "name": image_name,
-                            "entrypoint": image_entry,
-                        }
+                        job_object["image"] = {"name": image_name, "entrypoint": image_entry}
 
                 output_object[job_name] = job_object
                 job_id += 1
@@ -1181,11 +1135,7 @@ def generate_gitlab_ci_yaml(
 
     service_job_retries = {
         "max": 2,
-        "when": [
-            "runner_system_failure",
-            "stuck_or_timeout_failure",
-            "script_failure",
-        ],
+        "when": ["runner_system_failure", "stuck_or_timeout_failure", "script_failure"],
     }
 
     if job_id > 0:
@@ -1357,9 +1307,7 @@ def generate_gitlab_ci_yaml(
             _copy_attributes(default_attrs, service_job_config, noop_job)
 
         if "script" not in noop_job:
-            noop_job["script"] = [
-                'echo "All specs already up to date, nothing to rebuild."',
-            ]
+            noop_job["script"] = ['echo "All specs already up to date, nothing to rebuild."']
 
         noop_job["retry"] = service_job_retries
 
@@ -1620,9 +1568,7 @@ def download_and_extract_artifacts(url, work_dir):
     """
     tty.msg("Fetching artifacts from: {0}\n".format(url))
 
-    headers = {
-        "Content-Type": "application/zip",
-    }
+    headers = {"Content-Type": "application/zip"}
 
     token = os.environ.get("GITLAB_PRIVATE_TOKEN", None)
     if token:
@@ -2081,10 +2027,7 @@ def write_broken_spec(url, pkg_name, stack_name, job_url, pipeline_url, spec_dic
         with open(file_path, "w") as fd:
             fd.write(syaml.dump(broken_spec_details))
         web_util.push_to_url(
-            file_path,
-            url,
-            keep_original=False,
-            extra_args={"ContentType": "text/plain"},
+            file_path, url, keep_original=False, extra_args={"ContentType": "text/plain"}
         )
     except Exception as err:
         # If there is an S3 error (e.g., access denied or connection
@@ -2162,14 +2105,7 @@ def run_standalone_tests(**kwargs):
         tty.error("Reproduction directory is required for stand-alone tests")
         return
 
-    test_args = [
-        "spack",
-        "--color=always",
-        "--backtrace",
-        "--verbose",
-        "test",
-        "run",
-    ]
+    test_args = ["spack", "--color=always", "--backtrace", "--verbose", "test", "run"]
     if fail_fast:
         test_args.append("--fail-fast")
 
@@ -2319,19 +2255,9 @@ class CDashHandler(object):
 
         opener = build_opener(HTTPHandler)
 
-        parent_group_id = self.create_buildgroup(
-            opener,
-            headers,
-            url,
-            self.build_group,
-            "Daily",
-        )
+        parent_group_id = self.create_buildgroup(opener, headers, url, self.build_group, "Daily")
         group_id = self.create_buildgroup(
-            opener,
-            headers,
-            url,
-            "Latest {0}".format(self.build_group),
-            "Latest",
+            opener, headers, url, "Latest {0}".format(self.build_group), "Latest"
         )
 
         if not parent_group_id or not group_id:
@@ -2341,13 +2267,9 @@ class CDashHandler(object):
 
         data = {
             "dynamiclist": [
-                {
-                    "match": name,
-                    "parentgroupid": parent_group_id,
-                    "site": self.site,
-                }
+                {"match": name, "parentgroupid": parent_group_id, "site": self.site}
                 for name in job_names
-            ],
+            ]
         }
 
         enc_data = json.dumps(data).encode("utf-8")
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/ci_optimization.py b/lib/spack/spack/ci_optimization.py
index 7b2128e255..bb9e5eec16 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/ci_optimization.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/ci_optimization.py
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ def matches(obj, proto):
         return all((key in obj and matches(obj[key], val)) for key, val in proto.items())
 
     if isinstance(obj, collections.abc.Sequence) and not isinstance(obj, str):
-
         if not (isinstance(proto, collections.abc.Sequence) and not isinstance(proto, str)):
             return False
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/__init__.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/__init__.py
index b3251cef55..f0dbc4d43e 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/__init__.py
@@ -161,9 +161,7 @@ class _UnquotedFlags(object):
     """
 
     flags_arg_pattern = re.compile(
-        r'^({0})=([^\'"].*)$'.format(
-            "|".join(spack.spec.FlagMap.valid_compiler_flags()),
-        )
+        r'^({0})=([^\'"].*)$'.format("|".join(spack.spec.FlagMap.valid_compiler_flags()))
     )
 
     def __init__(self, all_unquoted_flag_pairs: List[Tuple[Match[str], str]]):
@@ -227,7 +225,6 @@ def parse_specs(args, **kwargs):
         return specs
 
     except spack.error.SpecError as e:
-
         msg = e.message
         if e.long_message:
             msg += e.long_message
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/audit.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/audit.py
index 9706f995c6..cb71dbbcb2 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/audit.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/audit.py
@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@ def packages(parser, args):
 
 
 def packages_https(parser, args):
-
     # Since packages takes a long time, --all is required without name
     if not args.check_all and not args.name:
         tty.die("Please specify one or more packages to audit, or --all.")
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/buildcache.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/buildcache.py
index b1be9b6056..7532271054 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/buildcache.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/buildcache.py
@@ -103,9 +103,7 @@ def setup_parser(subparser):
         help="Regenerate buildcache index after building package(s)",
     )
     create.add_argument(
-        "--spec-file",
-        default=None,
-        help="Create buildcache entry for spec from json or yaml file",
+        "--spec-file", default=None, help="Create buildcache entry for spec from json or yaml file"
     )
     create.add_argument(
         "--only",
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/change.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/change.py
index 652d42db14..0a57cb6da5 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/change.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/change.py
@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ def setup_parser(subparser):
         help="name of the list to remove specs from",
     )
     subparser.add_argument(
-        "--match-spec",
-        dest="match_spec",
-        help="if name is ambiguous, supply a spec to match",
+        "--match-spec", dest="match_spec", help="if name is ambiguous, supply a spec to match"
     )
     subparser.add_argument(
         "-a",
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/ci.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/ci.py
index aadc47fc2c..1127399842 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/ci.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/ci.py
@@ -548,13 +548,7 @@ def ci_rebuild(args):
 
     commands = [
         # apparently there's a race when spack bootstraps? do it up front once
-        [
-            SPACK_COMMAND,
-            "-e",
-            env.path,
-            "bootstrap",
-            "now",
-        ],
+        [SPACK_COMMAND, "-e", env.path, "bootstrap", "now"],
         [
             SPACK_COMMAND,
             "-e",
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/commands.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/commands.py
index 14703bf8a5..d26d67bc32 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/commands.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/commands.py
@@ -13,11 +13,7 @@ import sys
 
 import llnl.util.filesystem as fs
 import llnl.util.tty as tty
-from llnl.util.argparsewriter import (
-    ArgparseCompletionWriter,
-    ArgparseRstWriter,
-    ArgparseWriter,
-)
+from llnl.util.argparsewriter import ArgparseCompletionWriter, ArgparseRstWriter, ArgparseWriter
 from llnl.util.tty.colify import colify
 
 import spack.cmd
@@ -42,7 +38,7 @@ update_completion_args = {
         "format": "bash",
         "header": os.path.join(spack.paths.share_path, "bash", "spack-completion.in"),
         "update": os.path.join(spack.paths.share_path, "spack-completion.bash"),
-    },
+    }
 }
 
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/config.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/config.py
index 9ccf6f9e9b..0ab66d449f 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/config.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/config.py
@@ -408,13 +408,7 @@ def config_prefer_upstream(args):
     pkgs = {}
     for spec in pref_specs:
         # Collect all the upstream compilers and versions for this package.
-        pkg = pkgs.get(
-            spec.name,
-            {
-                "version": [],
-                "compiler": [],
-            },
-        )
+        pkg = pkgs.get(spec.name, {"version": [], "compiler": []})
         pkgs[spec.name] = pkg
 
         # We have no existing variant if this is our first added version.
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/create.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/create.py
index bf796e47dc..8ee259c52d 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/create.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/create.py
@@ -16,19 +16,10 @@ import spack.repo
 import spack.stage
 import spack.util.web
 from spack.spec import Spec
-from spack.url import (
-    UndetectableNameError,
-    UndetectableVersionError,
-    parse_name,
-    parse_version,
-)
+from spack.url import UndetectableNameError, UndetectableVersionError, parse_name, parse_version
 from spack.util.editor import editor
 from spack.util.executable import ProcessError, which
-from spack.util.naming import (
-    mod_to_class,
-    simplify_name,
-    valid_fully_qualified_module_name,
-)
+from spack.util.naming import mod_to_class, simplify_name, valid_fully_qualified_module_name
 
 description = "create a new package file"
 section = "packaging"
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/debug.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/debug.py
index 3b8c151294..8c3cb93d17 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/debug.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/debug.py
@@ -96,8 +96,5 @@ def report(args):
 
 
 def debug(parser, args):
-    action = {
-        "create-db-tarball": create_db_tarball,
-        "report": report,
-    }
+    action = {"create-db-tarball": create_db_tarball, "report": report}
     action[args.debug_command](args)
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/deprecate.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/deprecate.py
index 47215ed131..3f0994f564 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/deprecate.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/deprecate.py
@@ -33,12 +33,7 @@ section = "admin"
 level = "long"
 
 # Arguments for display_specs when we find ambiguity
-display_args = {
-    "long": True,
-    "show_flags": True,
-    "variants": True,
-    "indent": 4,
-}
+display_args = {"long": True, "show_flags": True, "variants": True, "indent": 4}
 
 
 def setup_parser(sp):
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/diff.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/diff.py
index 5206a246c0..13c27aec2c 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/diff.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/diff.py
@@ -80,22 +80,12 @@ def compare_specs(a, b, to_string=False, color=None):
     # specs and to descend into dependency hashes so we include all facts.
     a_facts = set(
         shift(func)
-        for func in setup.spec_clauses(
-            a,
-            body=True,
-            expand_hashes=True,
-            concrete_build_deps=True,
-        )
+        for func in setup.spec_clauses(a, body=True, expand_hashes=True, concrete_build_deps=True)
         if func.name == "attr"
     )
     b_facts = set(
         shift(func)
-        for func in setup.spec_clauses(
-            b,
-            body=True,
-            expand_hashes=True,
-            concrete_build_deps=True,
-        )
+        for func in setup.spec_clauses(b, body=True, expand_hashes=True, concrete_build_deps=True)
         if func.name == "attr"
     )
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/env.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/env.py
index fd8bf2de56..fe7d1ad59a 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/env.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/env.py
@@ -148,8 +148,7 @@ def env_activate(args):
 
     if not args.shell:
         spack.cmd.common.shell_init_instructions(
-            "spack env activate",
-            "    eval `spack env activate {sh_arg} [...]`",
+            "spack env activate", "    eval `spack env activate {sh_arg} [...]`"
         )
         return 1
 
@@ -238,8 +237,7 @@ def env_deactivate_setup_parser(subparser):
 def env_deactivate(args):
     if not args.shell:
         spack.cmd.common.shell_init_instructions(
-            "spack env deactivate",
-            "    eval `spack env deactivate {sh_arg}`",
+            "spack env deactivate", "    eval `spack env deactivate {sh_arg}`"
         )
         return 1
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/external.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/external.py
index 51e468e1bc..d859ad9d7a 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/external.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/external.py
@@ -38,11 +38,7 @@ def setup_parser(subparser):
         default=False,
         help="packages with detected externals won't be built with Spack",
     )
-    find_parser.add_argument(
-        "--exclude",
-        action="append",
-        help="packages to exclude from search",
-    )
+    find_parser.add_argument("--exclude", action="append", help="packages to exclude from search")
     find_parser.add_argument(
         "-p",
         "--path",
@@ -187,7 +183,6 @@ def external_read_cray_manifest(args):
 def _collect_and_consume_cray_manifest_files(
     manifest_file=None, manifest_directory=None, dry_run=False, fail_on_error=False
 ):
-
     manifest_files = []
     if manifest_file:
         manifest_files.append(manifest_file)
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/fetch.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/fetch.py
index 0bfd513070..663c57c4cb 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/fetch.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/fetch.py
@@ -25,10 +25,7 @@ def setup_parser(subparser):
         help="fetch only missing (not yet installed) dependencies",
     )
     subparser.add_argument(
-        "-D",
-        "--dependencies",
-        action="store_true",
-        help="also fetch all dependencies",
+        "-D", "--dependencies", action="store_true", help="also fetch all dependencies"
     )
     arguments.add_common_arguments(subparser, ["specs"])
     subparser.epilog = (
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/graph.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/graph.py
index 5a953f9ae5..a0fd16f19f 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/graph.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/graph.py
@@ -9,13 +9,7 @@ import spack.cmd.common.arguments as arguments
 import spack.config
 import spack.environment as ev
 import spack.store
-from spack.graph import (
-    DAGWithDependencyTypes,
-    SimpleDAG,
-    graph_ascii,
-    graph_dot,
-    static_graph_dot,
-)
+from spack.graph import DAGWithDependencyTypes, SimpleDAG, graph_ascii, graph_dot, static_graph_dot
 
 description = "generate graphs of package dependency relationships"
 section = "basic"
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/help.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/help.py
index f719195e91..1f45735158 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/help.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/help.py
@@ -87,9 +87,7 @@ spec expression syntax:
 """
 
 
-guides = {
-    "spec": spec_guide,
-}
+guides = {"spec": spec_guide}
 
 
 def setup_parser(subparser):
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/install.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/install.py
index 81cfebc19e..51f18479ee 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/install.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/install.py
@@ -496,9 +496,7 @@ def install(parser, args):
             return None
 
         context_manager = spack.report.build_context_manager(
-            reporter=args.reporter(),
-            filename=report_filename(args, specs=specs),
-            specs=specs,
+            reporter=args.reporter(), filename=report_filename(args, specs=specs), specs=specs
         )
         return context_manager
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/license.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/license.py
index 27facdcaee..454fefcece 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/license.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/license.py
@@ -58,10 +58,7 @@ licensed_files = [
 
 #: licensed files that can have LGPL language in them
 #: so far, just this command -- so it can find LGPL things elsewhere
-lgpl_exceptions = [
-    r"lib/spack/spack/cmd/license.py",
-    r"lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/license.py",
-]
+lgpl_exceptions = [r"lib/spack/spack/cmd/license.py", r"lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/license.py"]
 
 
 def _all_spack_files(root=spack.paths.prefix):
@@ -129,7 +126,6 @@ class LicenseError(object):
 
 
 def _check_license(lines, path):
-
     found = []
 
     for line in lines:
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/load.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/load.py
index 4f60ab3d52..ee9ee939e8 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/load.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/load.py
@@ -98,8 +98,7 @@ def load(parser, args):
     if not args.shell:
         specs_str = " ".join(args.constraint) or "SPECS"
         spack.cmd.common.shell_init_instructions(
-            "spack load",
-            "    eval `spack load {sh_arg} %s`" % specs_str,
+            "spack load", "    eval `spack load {sh_arg} %s`" % specs_str
         )
         return 1
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/mark.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/mark.py
index d7a3c06642..1d125cc409 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/mark.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/mark.py
@@ -27,12 +27,7 @@ error_message = """You can either:
 """
 
 # Arguments for display_specs when we find ambiguity
-display_args = {
-    "long": True,
-    "show_flags": False,
-    "variants": False,
-    "indent": 4,
-}
+display_args = {"long": True, "show_flags": False, "variants": False, "indent": 4}
 
 
 def setup_parser(subparser):
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/mirror.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/mirror.py
index 21319d9fdf..8ad10b1a6c 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/mirror.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/mirror.py
@@ -445,9 +445,7 @@ def mirror_create(args):
 
     mirror_specs = concrete_specs_from_user(args)
     create_mirror_for_individual_specs(
-        mirror_specs,
-        path=path,
-        skip_unstable_versions=args.skip_unstable_versions,
+        mirror_specs, path=path, skip_unstable_versions=args.skip_unstable_versions
     )
 
 
@@ -467,9 +465,7 @@ def create_mirror_for_all_specs(path, skip_unstable_versions, selection_fn):
 def create_mirror_for_all_specs_inside_environment(path, skip_unstable_versions, selection_fn):
     mirror_specs = concrete_specs_from_environment(selection_fn=selection_fn)
     create_mirror_for_individual_specs(
-        mirror_specs,
-        path=path,
-        skip_unstable_versions=skip_unstable_versions,
+        mirror_specs, path=path, skip_unstable_versions=skip_unstable_versions
     )
 
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/modules/__init__.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/modules/__init__.py
index c3bb74c096..107189f814 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/modules/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/modules/__init__.py
@@ -180,10 +180,7 @@ def loads(module_type, specs, args, out=None):
         for spec in specs
     )
 
-    module_commands = {
-        "tcl": "module load ",
-        "lmod": "module load ",
-    }
+    module_commands = {"tcl": "module load ", "lmod": "module load "}
 
     d = {"command": "" if not args.shell else module_commands[module_type], "prefix": args.prefix}
 
@@ -368,18 +365,14 @@ callbacks = {"refresh": refresh, "rm": rm, "find": find, "loads": loads}
 
 
 def modules_cmd(parser, args, module_type, callbacks=callbacks):
-
     # Qualifiers to be used when querying the db for specs
-    constraint_qualifiers = {
-        "refresh": {"installed": True, "known": True},
-    }
+    constraint_qualifiers = {"refresh": {"installed": True, "known": True}}
     query_args = constraint_qualifiers.get(args.subparser_name, {})
 
     # Get the specs that match the query from the DB
     specs = args.specs(**query_args)
 
     try:
-
         callbacks[args.subparser_name](module_type, specs, args)
 
     except MultipleSpecsMatch:
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/solve.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/solve.py
index 69caeb421f..3752c16f41 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/solve.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/solve.py
@@ -182,11 +182,7 @@ def solve(parser, args):
         # set up solver parameters
         # Note: reuse and other concretizer prefs are passed as configuration
         result = solver.solve(
-            specs,
-            out=output,
-            timers=args.timers,
-            stats=args.stats,
-            setup_only=setup_only,
+            specs, out=output, timers=args.timers, stats=args.stats, setup_only=setup_only
         )
         if not setup_only:
             _process_result(result, show, required_format, kwargs)
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/spec.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/spec.py
index 9ff19dcff8..b31c7a93b7 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/spec.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/spec.py
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ def spec(parser, args):
         else:
             tty.die("spack spec requires at least one spec or an active environment")
 
-    for (input, output) in specs:
+    for input, output in specs:
         # With -y, just print YAML to output.
         if args.format:
             if args.format == "yaml":
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/style.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/style.py
index ff9e5af6b5..a75171379f 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/style.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/style.py
@@ -30,20 +30,13 @@ def grouper(iterable, n, fillvalue=None):
 
 
 #: List of directories to exclude from checks -- relative to spack root
-exclude_directories = [
-    os.path.relpath(spack.paths.external_path, spack.paths.prefix),
-]
+exclude_directories = [os.path.relpath(spack.paths.external_path, spack.paths.prefix)]
 
 #: Order in which tools should be run. flake8 is last so that it can
 #: double-check the results of other tools (if, e.g., --fix was provided)
 #: The list maps an executable name to a method to ensure the tool is
 #: bootstrapped or present in the environment.
-tool_names = [
-    "isort",
-    "black",
-    "flake8",
-    "mypy",
-]
+tool_names = ["isort", "black", "flake8", "mypy"]
 
 #: tools we run in spack style
 tools = {}
@@ -52,7 +45,7 @@ tools = {}
 mypy_ignores = [
     # same as `disable_error_code = "annotation-unchecked"` in pyproject.toml, which
     # doesn't exist in mypy 0.971 for Python 3.6
-    "[annotation-unchecked]",
+    "[annotation-unchecked]"
 ]
 
 
@@ -150,10 +143,7 @@ def setup_parser(subparser):
         help="branch to compare against to determine changed files (default: develop)",
     )
     subparser.add_argument(
-        "-a",
-        "--all",
-        action="store_true",
-        help="check all files, not just changed files",
+        "-a", "--all", action="store_true", help="check all files, not just changed files"
     )
     subparser.add_argument(
         "-r",
@@ -178,10 +168,7 @@ def setup_parser(subparser):
         help="format automatically if possible (e.g., with isort, black)",
     )
     subparser.add_argument(
-        "--root",
-        action="store",
-        default=None,
-        help="style check a different spack instance",
+        "--root", action="store", default=None, help="style check a different spack instance"
     )
 
     tool_group = subparser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
@@ -211,6 +198,7 @@ def rewrite_and_print_output(
     output, args, re_obj=re.compile(r"^(.+):([0-9]+):"), replacement=r"{0}:{1}:"
 ):
     """rewrite ouput with <file>:<line>: format to respect path args"""
+
     # print results relative to current working directory
     def translate(match):
         return replacement.format(cwd_relative(match.group(1), args), *list(match.groups()[1:]))
@@ -281,24 +269,10 @@ def run_mypy(mypy_cmd, file_list, args):
         os.path.join(spack.paths.prefix, "pyproject.toml"),
         "--show-error-codes",
     ]
-    mypy_arg_sets = [
-        common_mypy_args
-        + [
-            "--package",
-            "spack",
-            "--package",
-            "llnl",
-        ]
-    ]
+    mypy_arg_sets = [common_mypy_args + ["--package", "spack", "--package", "llnl"]]
     if "SPACK_MYPY_CHECK_PACKAGES" in os.environ:
         mypy_arg_sets.append(
-            common_mypy_args
-            + [
-                "--package",
-                "packages",
-                "--disable-error-code",
-                "no-redef",
-            ]
+            common_mypy_args + ["--package", "packages", "--disable-error-code", "no-redef"]
         )
 
     returncode = 0
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/test.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/test.py
index 7c917207c4..0baab069eb 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/test.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/test.py
@@ -33,9 +33,7 @@ def setup_parser(subparser):
 
     # Run
     run_parser = sp.add_parser(
-        "run",
-        description=test_run.__doc__,
-        help=spack.cmd.first_line(test_run.__doc__),
+        "run", description=test_run.__doc__, help=spack.cmd.first_line(test_run.__doc__)
     )
 
     alias_help_msg = "Provide an alias for this test-suite"
@@ -80,9 +78,7 @@ def setup_parser(subparser):
 
     # List
     list_parser = sp.add_parser(
-        "list",
-        description=test_list.__doc__,
-        help=spack.cmd.first_line(test_list.__doc__),
+        "list", description=test_list.__doc__, help=spack.cmd.first_line(test_list.__doc__)
     )
     list_parser.add_argument(
         "-a",
@@ -96,9 +92,7 @@ def setup_parser(subparser):
 
     # Find
     find_parser = sp.add_parser(
-        "find",
-        description=test_find.__doc__,
-        help=spack.cmd.first_line(test_find.__doc__),
+        "find", description=test_find.__doc__, help=spack.cmd.first_line(test_find.__doc__)
     )
     find_parser.add_argument(
         "filter",
@@ -108,9 +102,7 @@ def setup_parser(subparser):
 
     # Status
     status_parser = sp.add_parser(
-        "status",
-        description=test_status.__doc__,
-        help=spack.cmd.first_line(test_status.__doc__),
+        "status", description=test_status.__doc__, help=spack.cmd.first_line(test_status.__doc__)
     )
     status_parser.add_argument(
         "names", nargs=argparse.REMAINDER, help="Test suites for which to print status"
@@ -147,9 +139,7 @@ def setup_parser(subparser):
 
     # Remove
     remove_parser = sp.add_parser(
-        "remove",
-        description=test_remove.__doc__,
-        help=spack.cmd.first_line(test_remove.__doc__),
+        "remove", description=test_remove.__doc__, help=spack.cmd.first_line(test_remove.__doc__)
     )
     arguments.add_common_arguments(remove_parser, ["yes_to_all"])
     remove_parser.add_argument(
@@ -189,11 +179,7 @@ def test_run(args):
     specs = spack.cmd.parse_specs(args.specs) if args.specs else [None]
     specs_to_test = []
     for spec in specs:
-        matching = spack.store.db.query_local(
-            spec,
-            hashes=hashes,
-            explicit=explicit,
-        )
+        matching = spack.store.db.query_local(spec, hashes=hashes, explicit=explicit)
         if spec and not matching:
             tty.warn("No {0}installed packages match spec {1}".format(explicit_str, spec))
             """
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/uninstall.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/uninstall.py
index 869ab88f62..888ba15f56 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/uninstall.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/uninstall.py
@@ -31,12 +31,7 @@ error_message = """You can either:
 """
 
 # Arguments for display_specs when we find ambiguity
-display_args = {
-    "long": True,
-    "show_flags": False,
-    "variants": False,
-    "indent": 4,
-}
+display_args = {"long": True, "show_flags": False, "variants": False, "indent": 4}
 
 
 def setup_parser(subparser):
@@ -236,12 +231,7 @@ def do_uninstall(specs, force=False):
     hashes_to_remove = set(s.dag_hash() for s in specs)
 
     for s in traverse.traverse_nodes(
-        specs,
-        order="topo",
-        direction="children",
-        root=True,
-        cover="nodes",
-        deptype="all",
+        specs, order="topo", direction="children", root=True, cover="nodes", deptype="all"
     ):
         if s.dag_hash() in hashes_to_remove:
             spack.package_base.PackageBase.uninstall_by_spec(s, force=force)
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/unload.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/unload.py
index 1867ff64e7..9b076ffd66 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/unload.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/unload.py
@@ -77,8 +77,7 @@ def unload(parser, args):
         specs_str = " ".join(args.specs) or "SPECS"
 
         spack.cmd.common.shell_init_instructions(
-            "spack unload",
-            "    eval `spack unload {sh_arg}` %s" % specs_str,
+            "spack unload", "    eval `spack unload {sh_arg}` %s" % specs_str
         )
         return 1
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/url.py b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/url.py
index d93d2cc458..86ffde231d 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cmd/url.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cmd/url.py
@@ -106,12 +106,7 @@ def setup_parser(subparser):
 
 
 def url(parser, args):
-    action = {
-        "parse": url_parse,
-        "list": url_list,
-        "summary": url_summary,
-        "stats": url_stats,
-    }
+    action = {"parse": url_parse, "list": url_list, "summary": url_summary, "stats": url_stats}
 
     action[args.subcommand](args)
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/compilers/__init__.py b/lib/spack/spack/compilers/__init__.py
index 4b304096b1..9b48ee847c 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/compilers/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/compilers/__init__.py
@@ -619,11 +619,9 @@ def arguments_to_detect_version_fn(operating_system, paths):
         command_arguments = []
         files_to_be_tested = fs.files_in(*search_paths)
         for compiler_name in spack.compilers.supported_compilers():
-
             compiler_cls = class_for_compiler_name(compiler_name)
 
             for language in ("cc", "cxx", "f77", "fc"):
-
                 # Select only the files matching a regexp
                 for (file, full_path), regexp in itertools.product(
                     files_to_be_tested, compiler_cls.search_regexps(language)
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/compilers/apple_clang.py b/lib/spack/spack/compilers/apple_clang.py
index 57e7d01519..e4bef2c4bb 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/compilers/apple_clang.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/compilers/apple_clang.py
@@ -154,10 +154,7 @@ class AppleClang(spack.compilers.clang.Clang):
                 ),
             )
 
-            real_dirs = [
-                "Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin",
-                "usr/bin",
-            ]
+            real_dirs = ["Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin", "usr/bin"]
 
             bins = ["c++", "c89", "c99", "cc", "clang", "clang++", "cpp"]
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/config.py b/lib/spack/spack/config.py
index 07a6275a12..1cb060a8b5 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/config.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/config.py
@@ -793,7 +793,7 @@ def _config():
     configuration_paths = [
         # Default configuration scope is the lowest-level scope. These are
         # versioned with Spack and can be overridden by systems, sites or users
-        configuration_defaults_path,
+        configuration_defaults_path
     ]
 
     disable_local_config = "SPACK_DISABLE_LOCAL_CONFIG" in os.environ
@@ -801,15 +801,11 @@ def _config():
     # System configuration is per machine.
     # This is disabled if user asks for no local configuration.
     if not disable_local_config:
-        configuration_paths.append(
-            ("system", spack.paths.system_config_path),
-        )
+        configuration_paths.append(("system", spack.paths.system_config_path))
 
     # Site configuration is per spack instance, for sites or projects
     # No site-level configs should be checked into spack by default.
-    configuration_paths.append(
-        ("site", os.path.join(spack.paths.etc_path)),
-    )
+    configuration_paths.append(("site", os.path.join(spack.paths.etc_path)))
 
     # User configuration can override both spack defaults and site config
     # This is disabled if user asks for no local configuration.
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/cray_manifest.py b/lib/spack/spack/cray_manifest.py
index c2908f61be..6f686aaf57 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/cray_manifest.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/cray_manifest.py
@@ -18,10 +18,7 @@ from spack.schema.cray_manifest import schema as manifest_schema
 #: packages here.
 default_path = "/opt/cray/pe/cpe-descriptive-manifest/"
 
-compiler_name_translation = {
-    "nvidia": "nvhpc",
-    "rocm": "rocmcc",
-}
+compiler_name_translation = {"nvidia": "nvhpc", "rocm": "rocmcc"}
 
 
 def translated_compiler_name(manifest_compiler_name):
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/database.py b/lib/spack/spack/database.py
index 0607c6312a..2e012a67d5 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/database.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/database.py
@@ -46,10 +46,7 @@ import spack.spec
 import spack.store
 import spack.util.lock as lk
 import spack.util.spack_json as sjson
-from spack.directory_layout import (
-    DirectoryLayoutError,
-    InconsistentInstallDirectoryError,
-)
+from spack.directory_layout import DirectoryLayoutError, InconsistentInstallDirectoryError
 from spack.error import SpackError
 from spack.util.crypto import bit_length
 from spack.version import Version
@@ -108,10 +105,7 @@ default_install_record_fields = [
 
 
 def reader(version):
-    reader_cls = {
-        Version("5"): spack.spec.SpecfileV1,
-        Version("6"): spack.spec.SpecfileV3,
-    }
+    reader_cls = {Version("5"): spack.spec.SpecfileV1, Version("6"): spack.spec.SpecfileV3}
     return reader_cls[version]
 
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/detection/common.py b/lib/spack/spack/detection/common.py
index e809f5f5ec..7e1e5e6a41 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/detection/common.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/detection/common.py
@@ -377,7 +377,8 @@ def compute_windows_user_path_for_package(pkg):
     install location, return list of potential locations based
     on common heuristics. For more info on Windows user specific
     installs see:
-    https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.environment.specialfolder?view=netframework-4.8"""
+    https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.environment.specialfolder?view=netframework-4.8
+    """
     if not is_windows:
         return []
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/environment/environment.py b/lib/spack/spack/environment/environment.py
index c008cc5c7e..a46b8f9835 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/environment/environment.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/environment/environment.py
@@ -45,11 +45,7 @@ import spack.util.path
 import spack.util.spack_json as sjson
 import spack.util.spack_yaml as syaml
 import spack.util.url
-from spack.filesystem_view import (
-    SimpleFilesystemView,
-    inverse_view_func_parser,
-    view_func_parser,
-)
+from spack.filesystem_view import SimpleFilesystemView, inverse_view_func_parser, view_func_parser
 from spack.installer import PackageInstaller
 from spack.spec import Spec
 from spack.spec_list import InvalidSpecConstraintError, SpecList
@@ -304,12 +300,7 @@ def _write_yaml(data, str_or_file):
 def _eval_conditional(string):
     """Evaluate conditional definitions using restricted variable scope."""
     valid_variables = spack.util.environment.get_host_environment()
-    valid_variables.update(
-        {
-            "re": re,
-            "env": os.environ,
-        }
-    )
+    valid_variables.update({"re": re, "env": os.environ})
     return eval(string, valid_variables)
 
 
@@ -973,9 +964,7 @@ class Environment(object):
                         config_path = os.path.join(config_path, basename)
                 else:
                     staged_path = spack.config.fetch_remote_configs(
-                        config_path,
-                        self.config_stage_dir,
-                        skip_existing=True,
+                        config_path, self.config_stage_dir, skip_existing=True
                     )
                     if not staged_path:
                         raise SpackEnvironmentError(
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/fetch_strategy.py b/lib/spack/spack/fetch_strategy.py
index 720a28b9bd..19ad454ec5 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/fetch_strategy.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/fetch_strategy.py
@@ -35,13 +35,7 @@ from typing import List, Optional
 import llnl.util
 import llnl.util.filesystem as fs
 import llnl.util.tty as tty
-from llnl.util.filesystem import (
-    get_single_file,
-    mkdirp,
-    temp_cwd,
-    temp_rename,
-    working_dir,
-)
+from llnl.util.filesystem import get_single_file, mkdirp, temp_cwd, temp_rename, working_dir
 from llnl.util.symlink import symlink
 
 import spack.config
@@ -1555,11 +1549,7 @@ def for_package_version(pkg, version):
         # performance hit for branches on older versions of git.
         # Branches cannot be cached, so we tell the fetcher not to cache tags/branches
         ref_type = "commit" if version.is_commit else "tag"
-        kwargs = {
-            "git": pkg.git,
-            ref_type: version.ref,
-            "no_cache": True,
-        }
+        kwargs = {"git": pkg.git, ref_type: version.ref, "no_cache": True}
 
         kwargs["submodules"] = getattr(pkg, "submodules", False)
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/hooks/absolutify_elf_sonames.py b/lib/spack/spack/hooks/absolutify_elf_sonames.py
index 149708f9a3..91377706e3 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/hooks/absolutify_elf_sonames.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/hooks/absolutify_elf_sonames.py
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ class SharedLibrariesVisitor(BaseDirectoryVisitor):
     exception of an exclude list."""
 
     def __init__(self, exclude_list):
-
         # List of file and directory names to be excluded
         self.exclude_list = frozenset(exclude_list)
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/hooks/sbang.py b/lib/spack/spack/hooks/sbang.py
index fcea77d829..e62d2bfa40 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/hooks/sbang.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/hooks/sbang.py
@@ -212,8 +212,7 @@ def install_sbang():
 
     # copy over the fresh copy of `sbang`
     sbang_tmp_path = os.path.join(
-        os.path.dirname(sbang_path),
-        ".%s.tmp" % os.path.basename(sbang_path),
+        os.path.dirname(sbang_path), ".%s.tmp" % os.path.basename(sbang_path)
     )
     shutil.copy(spack.paths.sbang_script, sbang_tmp_path)
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/installer.py b/lib/spack/spack/installer.py
index 1b9800054d..7bbe8b2dd2 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/installer.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/installer.py
@@ -423,11 +423,7 @@ def _try_install_from_binary_cache(pkg, explicit, unsigned=False, timer=timer.NU
         matches = binary_distribution.get_mirrors_for_spec(pkg.spec, index_only=True)
 
     return _process_binary_cache_tarball(
-        pkg,
-        explicit,
-        unsigned,
-        mirrors_for_spec=matches,
-        timer=timer,
+        pkg, explicit, unsigned, mirrors_for_spec=matches, timer=timer
     )
 
 
@@ -789,7 +785,7 @@ class PackageInstaller(object):
                 associated dependents
         """
         packages = _packages_needed_to_bootstrap_compiler(compiler, architecture, pkgs)
-        for (comp_pkg, is_compiler) in packages:
+        for comp_pkg, is_compiler in packages:
             pkgid = package_id(comp_pkg)
             if pkgid not in self.build_tasks:
                 self._add_init_task(comp_pkg, request, is_compiler, all_deps)
@@ -813,8 +809,7 @@ class PackageInstaller(object):
             key, task = tup
             if task.pkg_id == pkgid:
                 tty.debug(
-                    "Modifying task for {0} to treat it as a compiler".format(pkgid),
-                    level=2,
+                    "Modifying task for {0} to treat it as a compiler".format(pkgid), level=2
                 )
                 setattr(task, attr, value)
                 self.build_pq[i] = (key, task)
@@ -1212,7 +1207,6 @@ class PackageInstaller(object):
 
         install_package = request.install_args.get("install_package")
         if install_package and request.pkg_id not in self.build_tasks:
-
             # Be sure to clear any previous failure
             spack.store.db.clear_failure(request.spec, force=True)
 
@@ -1948,11 +1942,7 @@ class BuildProcessInstaller(object):
             # Run post install hooks before build stage is removed.
             spack.hooks.post_install(self.pkg.spec)
 
-        _print_timer(
-            pre=self.pre,
-            pkg_id=self.pkg_id,
-            timer=self.timer,
-        )
+        _print_timer(pre=self.pre, pkg_id=self.pkg_id, timer=self.timer)
         _print_installed_pkg(self.pkg.prefix)
 
         # Send final status that install is successful
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/modules/common.py b/lib/spack/spack/modules/common.py
index 6d0d4bf62f..53779fc878 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/modules/common.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/modules/common.py
@@ -249,10 +249,7 @@ def root_path(name, module_set_name):
     Returns:
         root folder for module file installation
     """
-    defaults = {
-        "lmod": "$spack/share/spack/lmod",
-        "tcl": "$spack/share/spack/modules",
-    }
+    defaults = {"lmod": "$spack/share/spack/lmod", "tcl": "$spack/share/spack/modules"}
     # Root folders where the various module files should be written
     roots = spack.config.get("modules:%s:roots" % module_set_name, {})
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/package_base.py b/lib/spack/spack/package_base.py
index 7c6a2d301b..fd108911a3 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/package_base.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/package_base.py
@@ -65,9 +65,7 @@ from spack.util.web import FetchError
 from spack.version import GitVersion, Version, VersionBase
 
 FLAG_HANDLER_RETURN_TYPE = Tuple[
-    Optional[Iterable[str]],
-    Optional[Iterable[str]],
-    Optional[Iterable[str]],
+    Optional[Iterable[str]], Optional[Iterable[str]], Optional[Iterable[str]]
 ]
 FLAG_HANDLER_TYPE = Callable[[str, Iterable[str]], FLAG_HANDLER_RETURN_TYPE]
 
@@ -1705,11 +1703,7 @@ class PackageBase(WindowsRPath, PackageViewMixin, metaclass=PackageMeta):
             "don't know how to make {0}. Stop",
         ]
 
-        kwargs = {
-            "fail_on_error": False,
-            "output": os.devnull,
-            "error": str,
-        }
+        kwargs = {"fail_on_error": False, "output": os.devnull, "error": str}
 
         stderr = make("-n", target, **kwargs)
 
@@ -2220,10 +2214,7 @@ class PackageBase(WindowsRPath, PackageViewMixin, metaclass=PackageMeta):
 
         if not force:
             dependents = spack.store.db.installed_relatives(
-                spec,
-                direction="parents",
-                transitive=True,
-                deptype=("link", "run"),
+                spec, direction="parents", transitive=True, deptype=("link", "run")
             )
             if dependents:
                 raise PackageStillNeededError(spec, dependents)
@@ -2236,7 +2227,6 @@ class PackageBase(WindowsRPath, PackageViewMixin, metaclass=PackageMeta):
 
         # Pre-uninstall hook runs first.
         with spack.store.db.prefix_write_lock(spec):
-
             if pkg is not None:
                 try:
                     spack.hooks.pre_uninstall(spec)
@@ -2399,11 +2389,7 @@ class PackageBase(WindowsRPath, PackageViewMixin, metaclass=PackageMeta):
 
         try:
             return spack.util.web.find_versions_of_archive(
-                self.all_urls,
-                self.list_url,
-                self.list_depth,
-                concurrency,
-                reference_package=self,
+                self.all_urls, self.list_url, self.list_depth, concurrency, reference_package=self
             )
         except spack.util.web.NoNetworkConnectionError as e:
             tty.die("Package.fetch_versions couldn't connect to:", e.url, e.message)
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/relocate.py b/lib/spack/spack/relocate.py
index fd0a2d8cc1..2303bf22a2 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/relocate.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/relocate.py
@@ -409,13 +409,7 @@ def needs_text_relocation(m_type, m_subtype):
 
 
 def relocate_macho_binaries(
-    path_names,
-    old_layout_root,
-    new_layout_root,
-    prefix_to_prefix,
-    rel,
-    old_prefix,
-    new_prefix,
+    path_names, old_layout_root, new_layout_root, prefix_to_prefix, rel, old_prefix, new_prefix
 ):
     """
     Use macholib python package to get the rpaths, depedent libraries
@@ -829,7 +823,7 @@ def fixup_macos_rpath(root, filename):
 
     # Check for nonexistent rpaths (often added by spack linker overzealousness
     # with both lib/ and lib64/) and duplicate rpaths
-    for (rpath, count) in rpaths.items():
+    for rpath, count in rpaths.items():
         if rpath.startswith("@loader_path") or rpath.startswith("@executable_path"):
             # Allowable relative paths
             pass
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/repo.py b/lib/spack/spack/repo.py
index 737467b9fd..b9c3a39a20 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/repo.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/repo.py
@@ -1066,7 +1066,6 @@ class Repo(object):
         # Install patch files needed by the package.
         fs.mkdirp(path)
         for patch in itertools.chain.from_iterable(spec.package.patches.values()):
-
             if patch.path:
                 if os.path.exists(patch.path):
                     fs.install(patch.path, path)
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/report.py b/lib/spack/spack/report.py
index 1ecbf0d938..00fe7eb5cf 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/report.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/report.py
@@ -113,7 +113,6 @@ class InfoCollector:
 
                 start_time = time.time()
                 try:
-
                     value = wrapped_fn(instance, *args, **kwargs)
                     package["stdout"] = self.fetch_log(pkg)
                     package["installed_from_binary_cache"] = pkg.installed_from_binary_cache
@@ -234,9 +233,7 @@ class TestInfoCollector(InfoCollector):
 
 @contextlib.contextmanager
 def build_context_manager(
-    reporter: spack.reporters.Reporter,
-    filename: str,
-    specs: List[spack.spec.Spec],
+    reporter: spack.reporters.Reporter, filename: str, specs: List[spack.spec.Spec]
 ):
     """Decorate a package to generate a report after the installation function is executed.
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/reporters/cdash.py b/lib/spack/spack/reporters/cdash.py
index dc0e194903..582d6cd4df 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/reporters/cdash.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/reporters/cdash.py
@@ -47,8 +47,7 @@ CDASH_PHASES.add("update")
 
 
 CDashConfiguration = collections.namedtuple(
-    "CDashConfiguration",
-    ["upload_url", "packages", "build", "site", "buildstamp", "track"],
+    "CDashConfiguration", ["upload_url", "packages", "build", "site", "buildstamp", "track"]
 )
 
 
@@ -336,12 +335,7 @@ class CDash(Reporter):
         if reason:
             output += "\n{0}".format(reason)
 
-        package = {
-            "name": spec.name,
-            "id": spec.dag_hash(),
-            "result": "skipped",
-            "stdout": output,
-        }
+        package = {"name": spec.name, "id": spec.dag_hash(), "result": "skipped", "stdout": output}
         self.test_report_for_package(directory_name, package, duration=0.0)
 
     def concretization_report(self, directory_name, msg):
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/reporters/extract.py b/lib/spack/spack/reporters/extract.py
index 9b14d545c6..e31f8d951a 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/reporters/extract.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/reporters/extract.py
@@ -10,11 +10,7 @@ from datetime import datetime
 import llnl.util.tty as tty
 
 # The keys here represent the only recognized (ctest/cdash) status values
-completed = {
-    "failed": "Completed",
-    "passed": "Completed",
-    "notrun": "No tests to run",
-}
+completed = {"failed": "Completed", "passed": "Completed", "notrun": "No tests to run"}
 
 log_regexp = re.compile(r"^==> \[([0-9:.\-]*)(?:, [0-9]*)?\] (.*)")
 returns_regexp = re.compile(r"\[([0-9 ,]*)\]")
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/schema/buildcache_spec.py b/lib/spack/spack/schema/buildcache_spec.py
index 4ebb31e132..eeeb6dc085 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/schema/buildcache_spec.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/schema/buildcache_spec.py
@@ -32,10 +32,7 @@ schema = {
         },
         "binary_cache_checksum": {
             "type": "object",
-            "properties": {
-                "hash_algorithm": {"type": "string"},
-                "hash": {"type": "string"},
-            },
+            "properties": {"hash_algorithm": {"type": "string"}, "hash": {"type": "string"}},
         },
         "buildcache_layout_version": {"type": "number"},
     },
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/schema/cdash.py b/lib/spack/spack/schema/cdash.py
index d4d462596b..5634031b74 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/schema/cdash.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/schema/cdash.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ properties = {
             r"project": {"type": "string"},
             r"site": {"type": "string"},
         },
-    },
+    }
 }
 
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/schema/config.py b/lib/spack/spack/schema/config.py
index 125279e7a9..7ecd1ad627 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/schema/config.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/schema/config.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ properties = {
             "flags": {
                 "type": "object",
                 "properties": {
-                    "keep_werror": {"type": "string", "enum": ["all", "specific", "none"]},
+                    "keep_werror": {"type": "string", "enum": ["all", "specific", "none"]}
                 },
             },
             "shared_linking": {
@@ -54,12 +54,12 @@ properties = {
                         ),
                     },
                     {"type": "string"},  # deprecated
-                ],
+                ]
             },
             "install_hash_length": {"type": "integer", "minimum": 1},
             "install_path_scheme": {"type": "string"},  # deprecated
             "build_stage": {
-                "oneOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}}],
+                "oneOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}}]
             },
             "test_stage": {"type": "string"},
             "extensions": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ properties = {
             "concretizer": {"type": "string", "enum": ["original", "clingo"]},
             "db_lock_timeout": {"type": "integer", "minimum": 1},
             "package_lock_timeout": {
-                "anyOf": [{"type": "integer", "minimum": 1}, {"type": "null"}],
+                "anyOf": [{"type": "integer", "minimum": 1}, {"type": "null"}]
             },
             "allow_sgid": {"type": "boolean"},
             "binary_index_root": {"type": "string"},
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ properties = {
             "modules:[module set]:roots and is ignored",
             "error": False,
         },
-    },
+    }
 }
 
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/schema/container.py b/lib/spack/spack/schema/container.py
index 92e6953c0e..21d8bba8ef 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/schema/container.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/schema/container.py
@@ -62,9 +62,7 @@ container_schema = {
             "additionalProperties": False,
         },
         # Add labels to the image
-        "labels": {
-            "type": "object",
-        },
+        "labels": {"type": "object"},
         # Add a custom extra section at the bottom of a stage
         "extra_instructions": {
             "type": "object",
@@ -83,11 +81,7 @@ container_schema = {
                 "help": {"type": "string"},
             },
         },
-        "docker": {
-            "type": "object",
-            "additionalProperties": False,
-            "default": {},
-        },
+        "docker": {"type": "object", "additionalProperties": False, "default": {}},
     },
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/schema/cray_manifest.py b/lib/spack/spack/schema/cray_manifest.py
index 42b55cb144..39529fc48f 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/schema/cray_manifest.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/schema/cray_manifest.py
@@ -114,9 +114,7 @@ schema = {
                     "prefix": {"type": "string", "minLength": 1},
                     "rpm": {"type": "string", "minLength": 1},
                     "hash": {"type": "string", "minLength": 1},
-                    "parameters": {
-                        "type": "object",
-                    },
+                    "parameters": {"type": "object"},
                 },
             },
         },
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/schema/database_index.py b/lib/spack/spack/schema/database_index.py
index 1a28b73646..021146f92a 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/schema/database_index.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/schema/database_index.py
@@ -32,27 +32,17 @@ schema = {
                             "type": "object",
                             "properties": {
                                 "spec": spack.schema.spec.properties,
-                                "path": {
-                                    "oneOf": [
-                                        {"type": "string"},
-                                        {"type": "null"},
-                                    ],
-                                },
+                                "path": {"oneOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "null"}]},
                                 "installed": {"type": "boolean"},
-                                "ref_count": {
-                                    "type": "integer",
-                                    "minimum": 0,
-                                },
+                                "ref_count": {"type": "integer", "minimum": 0},
                                 "explicit": {"type": "boolean"},
-                                "installation_time": {
-                                    "type": "number",
-                                },
+                                "installation_time": {"type": "number"},
                             },
-                        },
+                        }
                     },
                 },
                 "version": {"type": "string"},
             },
-        },
+        }
     },
 }
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/schema/env.py b/lib/spack/spack/schema/env.py
index a96fe2dbc3..88c1ef1c85 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/schema/env.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/schema/env.py
@@ -28,12 +28,7 @@ spec_list_schema = {
                 "properties": {
                     "matrix": {
                         "type": "array",
-                        "items": {
-                            "type": "array",
-                            "items": {
-                                "type": "string",
-                            },
-                        },
+                        "items": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
                     },
                     "exclude": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
                 },
@@ -61,11 +56,7 @@ schema = {
                 spack.schema.merged.properties,
                 # extra environment schema properties
                 {
-                    "include": {
-                        "type": "array",
-                        "default": [],
-                        "items": {"type": "string"},
-                    },
+                    "include": {"type": "array", "default": [], "items": {"type": "string"}},
                     "develop": {
                         "type": "object",
                         "default": {},
@@ -78,7 +69,7 @@ schema = {
                                     "spec": {"type": "string"},
                                     "path": {"type": "string"},
                                 },
-                            },
+                            }
                         },
                     },
                     "definitions": {
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/schema/gitlab_ci.py b/lib/spack/spack/schema/gitlab_ci.py
index dd46819a46..2f2e51c831 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/schema/gitlab_ci.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/schema/gitlab_ci.py
@@ -18,28 +18,16 @@ image_schema = {
             "type": "object",
             "properties": {
                 "name": {"type": "string"},
-                "entrypoint": {
-                    "type": "array",
-                    "items": {
-                        "type": "string",
-                    },
-                },
+                "entrypoint": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
             },
         },
-    ],
+    ]
 }
 
 runner_attributes_schema_items = {
     "image": image_schema,
     "tags": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
-    "variables": {
-        "type": "object",
-        "patternProperties": {
-            r"[\w\d\-_\.]+": {
-                "type": "string",
-            },
-        },
-    },
+    "variables": {"type": "object", "patternProperties": {r"[\w\d\-_\.]+": {"type": "string"}}},
     "before_script": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
     "script": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
     "after_script": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
@@ -56,9 +44,7 @@ remove_attributes_schema = {
     "type": "object",
     "additionalProperties": False,
     "required": ["tags"],
-    "properties": {
-        "tags": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
-    },
+    "properties": {"tags": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}}},
 }
 
 
@@ -69,24 +55,17 @@ core_shared_properties = union_dicts(
             "type": "array",
             "items": {
                 "anyOf": [
-                    {
-                        "type": "string",
-                    },
+                    {"type": "string"},
                     {
                         "type": "object",
                         "additionalProperties": False,
                         "required": ["name"],
                         "properties": {
-                            "name": {
-                                "type": "string",
-                            },
-                            "compiler-agnostic": {
-                                "type": "boolean",
-                                "default": False,
-                            },
+                            "name": {"type": "string"},
+                            "compiler-agnostic": {"type": "boolean", "default": False},
                         },
                     },
-                ],
+                ]
             },
         },
         "match_behavior": {"type": "string", "enum": ["first", "merge"], "default": "first"},
@@ -97,12 +76,7 @@ core_shared_properties = union_dicts(
                 "additionalProperties": False,
                 "required": ["match"],
                 "properties": {
-                    "match": {
-                        "type": "array",
-                        "items": {
-                            "type": "string",
-                        },
-                    },
+                    "match": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
                     "remove-attributes": remove_attributes_schema,
                     "runner-attributes": runner_selector_schema,
                 },
@@ -112,12 +86,7 @@ core_shared_properties = union_dicts(
         "signing-job-attributes": runner_selector_schema,
         "rebuild-index": {"type": "boolean"},
         "broken-specs-url": {"type": "string"},
-        "broken-tests-packages": {
-            "type": "array",
-            "items": {
-                "type": "string",
-            },
-        },
+        "broken-tests-packages": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
     },
 )
 
@@ -128,12 +97,7 @@ gitlab_ci_properties = {
             "additionalProperties": False,
             "required": ["mappings"],
             "properties": union_dicts(
-                core_shared_properties,
-                {
-                    "enable-artifacts-buildcache": {
-                        "type": "boolean",
-                    },
-                },
+                core_shared_properties, {"enable-artifacts-buildcache": {"type": "boolean"}}
             ),
         },
         {
@@ -141,21 +105,14 @@ gitlab_ci_properties = {
             "additionalProperties": False,
             "required": ["mappings"],
             "properties": union_dicts(
-                core_shared_properties,
-                {
-                    "temporary-storage-url-prefix": {
-                        "type": "string",
-                    },
-                },
+                core_shared_properties, {"temporary-storage-url-prefix": {"type": "string"}}
             ),
         },
     ]
 }
 
 #: Properties for inclusion in other schemas
-properties = {
-    "gitlab-ci": gitlab_ci_properties,
-}
+properties = {"gitlab-ci": gitlab_ci_properties}
 
 #: Full schema with metadata
 schema = {
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/schema/mirrors.py b/lib/spack/spack/schema/mirrors.py
index 70222ca10a..41dbddb051 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/schema/mirrors.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/schema/mirrors.py
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ properties = {
                         },
                     },
                 ]
-            },
+            }
         },
-    },
+    }
 }
 
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/schema/modules.py b/lib/spack/spack/schema/modules.py
index 3c0de12b88..975b512c7f 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/schema/modules.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/schema/modules.py
@@ -110,10 +110,7 @@ module_config_properties = {
     "arch_folder": {"type": "boolean"},
     "roots": {
         "type": "object",
-        "properties": {
-            "tcl": {"type": "string"},
-            "lmod": {"type": "string"},
-        },
+        "properties": {"tcl": {"type": "string"}, "lmod": {"type": "string"}},
     },
     "enable": {
         "type": "array",
@@ -165,7 +162,7 @@ properties = {
                     # prefix-relative path to be inspected for existence
                     r"^[\w-]*": array_of_strings
                 },
-            },
+            }
         },
         "patternProperties": {
             valid_module_set_name: {
@@ -173,7 +170,7 @@ properties = {
                 "default": {},
                 "additionalProperties": False,
                 "properties": module_config_properties,
-            },
+            }
         },
     }
 }
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/schema/packages.py b/lib/spack/spack/schema/packages.py
index e6d624ed55..1f7c16e2d7 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/schema/packages.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/schema/packages.py
@@ -61,25 +61,14 @@ properties = {
                         "default": [],
                         "items": {"type": "string"},
                     },  # compiler specs
-                    "buildable": {
-                        "type": "boolean",
-                        "default": True,
-                    },
+                    "buildable": {"type": "boolean", "default": True},
                     "permissions": {
                         "type": "object",
                         "additionalProperties": False,
                         "properties": {
-                            "read": {
-                                "type": "string",
-                                "enum": ["user", "group", "world"],
-                            },
-                            "write": {
-                                "type": "string",
-                                "enum": ["user", "group", "world"],
-                            },
-                            "group": {
-                                "type": "string",
-                            },
+                            "read": {"type": "string", "enum": ["user", "group", "world"]},
+                            "write": {"type": "string", "enum": ["user", "group", "world"]},
+                            "group": {"type": "string"},
                         },
                     },
                     # If 'get_full_repo' is promoted to a Package-level
@@ -87,9 +76,7 @@ properties = {
                     "package_attributes": {
                         "type": "object",
                         "additionalProperties": False,
-                        "patternProperties": {
-                            r"\w+": {},
-                        },
+                        "patternProperties": {r"\w+": {}},
                     },
                     "providers": {
                         "type": "object",
@@ -100,14 +87,14 @@ properties = {
                                 "type": "array",
                                 "default": [],
                                 "items": {"type": "string"},
-                            },
+                            }
                         },
                     },
                     "variants": {
                         "oneOf": [
                             {"type": "string"},
                             {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
-                        ],
+                        ]
                     },
                     "externals": {
                         "type": "array",
@@ -124,9 +111,9 @@ properties = {
                         },
                     },
                 },
-            },
+            }
         },
-    },
+    }
 }
 
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/schema/projections.py b/lib/spack/spack/schema/projections.py
index 6d6623a5e7..a28df1c5b5 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/schema/projections.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/schema/projections.py
@@ -12,12 +12,7 @@
 
 #: Properties for inclusion in other schemas
 properties = {
-    "projections": {
-        "type": "object",
-        "patternProperties": {
-            r"all|\w[\w-]*": {"type": "string"},
-        },
-    },
+    "projections": {"type": "object", "patternProperties": {r"all|\w[\w-]*": {"type": "string"}}}
 }
 
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/schema/repos.py b/lib/spack/spack/schema/repos.py
index bec1d5a7f0..e846285ca1 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/schema/repos.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/schema/repos.py
@@ -11,13 +11,7 @@
 
 
 #: Properties for inclusion in other schemas
-properties = {
-    "repos": {
-        "type": "array",
-        "default": [],
-        "items": {"type": "string"},
-    },
-}
+properties = {"repos": {"type": "array", "default": [], "items": {"type": "string"}}}
 
 
 #: Full schema with metadata
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/schema/spec.py b/lib/spack/spack/schema/spec.py
index 54a5d990a3..8d2390b2f3 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/schema/spec.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/schema/spec.py
@@ -14,44 +14,26 @@ TODO: This needs to be updated? Especially the hashes under properties.
 
 target = {
     "oneOf": [
-        {
-            "type": "string",
-        },
+        {"type": "string"},
         {
             "type": "object",
             "additionalProperties": False,
-            "required": [
-                "name",
-                "vendor",
-                "features",
-                "generation",
-                "parents",
-            ],
+            "required": ["name", "vendor", "features", "generation", "parents"],
             "properties": {
                 "name": {"type": "string"},
                 "vendor": {"type": "string"},
-                "features": {
-                    "type": "array",
-                    "items": {"type": "string"},
-                },
+                "features": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
                 "generation": {"type": "integer"},
-                "parents": {
-                    "type": "array",
-                    "items": {"type": "string"},
-                },
+                "parents": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
             },
         },
-    ],
+    ]
 }
 
 arch = {
     "type": "object",
     "additionalProperties": False,
-    "properties": {
-        "platform": {},
-        "platform_os": {},
-        "target": target,
-    },
+    "properties": {"platform": {}, "platform_os": {}, "target": target},
 }
 
 dependencies = {
@@ -61,12 +43,9 @@ dependencies = {
             "type": "object",
             "properties": {
                 "hash": {"type": "string"},
-                "type": {
-                    "type": "array",
-                    "items": {"type": "string"},
-                },
+                "type": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
             },
-        },
+        }
     },
 }
 
@@ -90,13 +69,7 @@ properties = {
                 "items": {
                     "type": "object",
                     "additionalProperties": False,
-                    "required": [
-                        "version",
-                        "arch",
-                        "compiler",
-                        "namespace",
-                        "parameters",
-                    ],
+                    "required": ["version", "arch", "compiler", "namespace", "parameters"],
                     "properties": {
                         "name": {"type": "string"},
                         "hash": {"type": "string"},
@@ -104,12 +77,7 @@ properties = {
                         # these hashes were used on some specs prior to 0.18
                         "full_hash": {"type": "string"},
                         "build_hash": {"type": "string"},
-                        "version": {
-                            "oneOf": [
-                                {"type": "string"},
-                                {"type": "number"},
-                            ],
-                        },
+                        "version": {"oneOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "number"}]},
                         "arch": arch,
                         "compiler": {
                             "type": "object",
@@ -119,12 +87,7 @@ properties = {
                                 "version": {"type": "string"},
                             },
                         },
-                        "develop": {
-                            "anyOf": [
-                                {"type": "boolean"},
-                                {"type": "string"},
-                            ],
-                        },
+                        "develop": {"anyOf": [{"type": "boolean"}, {"type": "string"}]},
                         "namespace": {"type": "string"},
                         "parameters": {
                             "type": "object",
@@ -138,40 +101,16 @@ properties = {
                             ],
                             "additionalProperties": True,
                             "properties": {
-                                "patches": {
-                                    "type": "array",
-                                    "items": {"type": "string"},
-                                },
-                                "cflags": {
-                                    "type": "array",
-                                    "items": {"type": "string"},
-                                },
-                                "cppflags": {
-                                    "type": "array",
-                                    "items": {"type": "string"},
-                                },
-                                "cxxflags": {
-                                    "type": "array",
-                                    "items": {"type": "string"},
-                                },
-                                "fflags": {
-                                    "type": "array",
-                                    "items": {"type": "string"},
-                                },
-                                "ldflags": {
-                                    "type": "array",
-                                    "items": {"type": "string"},
-                                },
-                                "ldlib": {
-                                    "type": "array",
-                                    "items": {"type": "string"},
-                                },
+                                "patches": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
+                                "cflags": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
+                                "cppflags": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
+                                "cxxflags": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
+                                "fflags": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
+                                "ldflags": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
+                                "ldlib": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
                             },
                         },
-                        "patches": {
-                            "type": "array",
-                            "items": {},
-                        },
+                        "patches": {"type": "array", "items": {}},
                         "dependencies": dependencies,
                         "build_spec": build_spec,
                     },
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/solver/asp.py b/lib/spack/spack/solver/asp.py
index 527377127c..673e202afa 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/solver/asp.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/solver/asp.py
@@ -112,8 +112,7 @@ version_origin_str = {i: name for i, name in enumerate(version_origin_fields)}
 
 #: Enumeration like object to mark version provenance
 version_provenance = collections.namedtuple(  # type: ignore
-    "VersionProvenance",
-    version_origin_fields,
+    "VersionProvenance", version_origin_fields
 )(**{name: i for i, name in enumerate(version_origin_fields)})
 
 #: Named tuple to contain information on declared versions
@@ -1138,8 +1137,7 @@ class SpackSolverSetup(object):
 
         # virtual preferences
         self.virtual_preferences(
-            pkg.name,
-            lambda v, p, i: self.gen.fact(fn.pkg_provider_preference(pkg.name, v, p, i)),
+            pkg.name, lambda v, p, i: self.gen.fact(fn.pkg_provider_preference(pkg.name, v, p, i))
         )
 
         self.package_requirement_rules(pkg)
@@ -1248,8 +1246,7 @@ class SpackSolverSetup(object):
         )
         assert self.possible_virtuals is not None, msg
         self.virtual_preferences(
-            "all",
-            lambda v, p, i: self.gen.fact(fn.default_provider_preference(v, p, i)),
+            "all", lambda v, p, i: self.gen.fact(fn.default_provider_preference(v, p, i))
         )
 
     def provider_requirements(self):
@@ -1427,12 +1424,7 @@ class SpackSolverSetup(object):
         return clauses
 
     def _spec_clauses(
-        self,
-        spec,
-        body=False,
-        transitive=True,
-        expand_hashes=False,
-        concrete_build_deps=False,
+        self, spec, body=False, transitive=True, expand_hashes=False, concrete_build_deps=False
     ):
         """Return a list of clauses for a spec mandates are true.
 
@@ -2521,15 +2513,7 @@ class Solver(object):
                 pass
         return reusable_specs
 
-    def solve(
-        self,
-        specs,
-        out=None,
-        timers=False,
-        stats=False,
-        tests=False,
-        setup_only=False,
-    ):
+    def solve(self, specs, out=None, timers=False, stats=False, tests=False, setup_only=False):
         """
         Arguments:
           specs (list): List of ``Spec`` objects to solve for.
@@ -2549,14 +2533,7 @@ class Solver(object):
         result, _, _ = self.driver.solve(setup, specs, reuse=reusable_specs, output=output)
         return result
 
-    def solve_in_rounds(
-        self,
-        specs,
-        out=None,
-        timers=False,
-        stats=False,
-        tests=False,
-    ):
+    def solve_in_rounds(self, specs, out=None, timers=False, stats=False, tests=False):
         """Solve for a stable model of specs in multiple rounds.
 
         This relaxes the assumption of solve that everything must be consistent and
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/spec.py b/lib/spack/spack/spec.py
index aaeb15e82e..94e3230285 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/spec.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/spec.py
@@ -229,6 +229,7 @@ class ArchSpec(object):
                 Otherwise information on platform, OS and target should be
                 passed in either as a spec string or as a tuple.
         """
+
         # If the argument to __init__ is a spec string, parse it
         # and construct an ArchSpec
         def _string_or_none(s):
@@ -731,7 +732,6 @@ _valid_compiler_flags = ["cflags", "cxxflags", "fflags", "ldflags", "ldlibs", "c
 
 
 class FlagMap(lang.HashableMap):
-
     __slots__ = ("spec",)
 
     def __init__(self, spec):
@@ -1221,7 +1221,6 @@ class SpecBuildInterface(lang.ObjectWrapper):
 
 @lang.lazy_lexicographic_ordering(set_hash=False)
 class Spec(object):
-
     #: Cache for spec's prefix, computed lazily in the corresponding property
     _prefix = None
 
@@ -1550,12 +1549,7 @@ class Spec(object):
                 "Cannot depend on incompatible specs '%s' and '%s'" % (dspec.spec, spec)
             )
 
-    def add_dependency_edge(
-        self,
-        dependency_spec: "Spec",
-        *,
-        deptypes: dp.DependencyArgument,
-    ):
+    def add_dependency_edge(self, dependency_spec: "Spec", *, deptypes: dp.DependencyArgument):
         """Add a dependency edge to this spec.
 
         Args:
@@ -2241,7 +2235,6 @@ class Spec(object):
 
             # Recurse on dependencies
             for s, s_dependencies in dep_like.items():
-
                 if isinstance(s, str):
                     dag_node, dependency_types = name_and_dependency_types(s)
                 else:
@@ -2897,7 +2890,6 @@ class Spec(object):
         try:
             deptree = self.traverse(root=False)
             for spec in deptree:
-
                 if spec.name not in flat_deps:
                     if copy:
                         spec = spec.copy(deps=False)
@@ -5245,7 +5237,6 @@ class ConflictsInSpecError(spack.error.SpecError, RuntimeError):
         match_fmt_custom = '{0}. "{1}" conflicts with "{2}" [{3}]\n'
 
         for idx, (s, c, w, msg) in enumerate(matches):
-
             if s not in visited:
                 visited.add(s)
                 long_message += "List of matching conflicts for spec:\n\n"
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/bindist.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/bindist.py
index dc9003d42a..d959258c85 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/bindist.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/bindist.py
@@ -416,11 +416,7 @@ def test_spec_needs_rebuild(monkeypatch, tmpdir):
     assert rebuild
 
 
-@pytest.mark.usefixtures(
-    "install_mockery_mutable_config",
-    "mock_packages",
-    "mock_fetch",
-)
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("install_mockery_mutable_config", "mock_packages", "mock_fetch")
 def test_generate_index_missing(monkeypatch, tmpdir, mutable_config):
     """Ensure spack buildcache index only reports available packages"""
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/bootstrap.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/bootstrap.py
index f779ff9b72..7eee7a21e3 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/bootstrap.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/bootstrap.py
@@ -67,18 +67,12 @@ def test_raising_exception_if_bootstrap_disabled(mutable_config):
 
 
 def test_raising_exception_module_importable():
-    with pytest.raises(
-        ImportError,
-        match='cannot bootstrap the "asdf" Python module',
-    ):
+    with pytest.raises(ImportError, match='cannot bootstrap the "asdf" Python module'):
         spack.bootstrap.core.ensure_module_importable_or_raise("asdf")
 
 
 def test_raising_exception_executables_in_path():
-    with pytest.raises(
-        RuntimeError,
-        match="cannot bootstrap any of the asdf, fdsa executables",
-    ):
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="cannot bootstrap any of the asdf, fdsa executables"):
         spack.bootstrap.core.ensure_executables_in_path_or_raise(["asdf", "fdsa"], "python")
 
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/build_distribution.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/build_distribution.py
index e9d0723d91..490f539845 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/build_distribution.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/build_distribution.py
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ pytestmark = pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform == "win32", reason="does not run on
 
 
 def test_build_tarball_overwrite(install_mockery, mock_fetch, monkeypatch, tmpdir):
-
     with tmpdir.as_cwd():
         spec = spack.spec.Spec("trivial-install-test-package").concretized()
         install(str(spec))
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/build_environment.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/build_environment.py
index 8ddeadd384..e0ab530fa8 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/build_environment.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/build_environment.py
@@ -17,11 +17,7 @@ import spack.config
 import spack.package_base
 import spack.spec
 import spack.util.spack_yaml as syaml
-from spack.build_environment import (
-    _static_to_shared_library,
-    determine_number_of_jobs,
-    dso_suffix,
-)
+from spack.build_environment import _static_to_shared_library, determine_number_of_jobs, dso_suffix
 from spack.paths import build_env_path
 from spack.util.environment import EnvironmentModifications
 from spack.util.executable import Executable
@@ -160,7 +156,6 @@ def test_static_to_shared_library(build_environment):
 @pytest.mark.regression("8345")
 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("config", "mock_packages")
 def test_cc_not_changed_by_modules(monkeypatch, working_env):
-
     s = spack.spec.Spec("cmake")
     s.concretize()
     pkg = s.package
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/builder.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/builder.py
index ff11aec185..40d32c6e79 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/builder.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/builder.py
@@ -63,32 +63,12 @@ def builder_test_repository():
         # Generate custom phases using a GenericBuilder
         (
             "custom-phases",
-            [
-                ("CONFIGURE_CALLED", "1"),
-                ("INSTALL_CALLED", "1"),
-                ("LAST_PHASE", "INSTALL"),
-            ],
+            [("CONFIGURE_CALLED", "1"), ("INSTALL_CALLED", "1"), ("LAST_PHASE", "INSTALL")],
         ),
         # Old-style package, with phase defined in base builder
-        (
-            "old-style-autotools@1.0",
-            [
-                ("AFTER_AUTORECONF_1_CALLED", "1"),
-            ],
-        ),
-        (
-            "old-style-autotools@2.0",
-            [
-                ("AFTER_AUTORECONF_2_CALLED", "1"),
-            ],
-        ),
-        (
-            "old-style-custom-phases",
-            [
-                ("AFTER_CONFIGURE_CALLED", "1"),
-                ("TEST_VALUE", "0"),
-            ],
-        ),
+        ("old-style-autotools@1.0", [("AFTER_AUTORECONF_1_CALLED", "1")]),
+        ("old-style-autotools@2.0", [("AFTER_AUTORECONF_2_CALLED", "1")]),
+        ("old-style-custom-phases", [("AFTER_CONFIGURE_CALLED", "1"), ("TEST_VALUE", "0")]),
     ],
 )
 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("builder_test_repository", "config")
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cc.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cc.py
index afee60369d..3589eb49f8 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cc.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cc.py
@@ -514,7 +514,6 @@ def test_ccld_with_system_dirs(wrapper_environment):
         SPACK_RPATH_DIRS="xlib:ylib:zlib",
         SPACK_LINK_DIRS="xlib:ylib:zlib",
     ):
-
         sys_path_args = [
             "-I/usr/include",
             "-L/usr/local/lib",
@@ -551,7 +550,6 @@ def test_ccld_with_system_dirs_isystem(wrapper_environment):
         SPACK_RPATH_DIRS="xlib:ylib:zlib",
         SPACK_LINK_DIRS="xlib:ylib:zlib",
     ):
-
         sys_path_args = [
             "-isystem",
             "/usr/include",
@@ -717,15 +715,9 @@ def test_keep_and_replace(wrapper_environment):
     werror_specific = ["-Werror=meh"]
     werror = ["-Werror"]
     werror_all = werror_specific + werror
-    with set_env(
-        SPACK_COMPILER_FLAGS_KEEP="",
-        SPACK_COMPILER_FLAGS_REPLACE="-Werror*|",
-    ):
+    with set_env(SPACK_COMPILER_FLAGS_KEEP="", SPACK_COMPILER_FLAGS_REPLACE="-Werror*|"):
         check_args_contents(cc, test_args + werror_all, ["-Wl,--end-group"], werror_all)
-    with set_env(
-        SPACK_COMPILER_FLAGS_KEEP="-Werror=*",
-        SPACK_COMPILER_FLAGS_REPLACE="-Werror*|",
-    ):
+    with set_env(SPACK_COMPILER_FLAGS_KEEP="-Werror=*", SPACK_COMPILER_FLAGS_REPLACE="-Werror*|"):
         check_args_contents(cc, test_args + werror_all, werror_specific, werror)
     with set_env(
         SPACK_COMPILER_FLAGS_KEEP="-Werror=*",
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/ci.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/ci.py
index 927a283247..7d49c15c8d 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/ci.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/ci.py
@@ -84,7 +84,6 @@ class FakeWebResponder(object):
         return self._resp_code
 
     def read(self, length=None):
-
         if len(self._content) <= 0:
             return None
 
@@ -103,11 +102,7 @@ class FakeWebResponder(object):
 
 
 def test_download_and_extract_artifacts(tmpdir, monkeypatch, working_env):
-    os.environ.update(
-        {
-            "GITLAB_PRIVATE_TOKEN": "faketoken",
-        }
-    )
+    os.environ.update({"GITLAB_PRIVATE_TOKEN": "faketoken"})
 
     url = "https://www.nosuchurlexists.itsfake/artifacts.zip"
     working_dir = os.path.join(tmpdir.strpath, "repro")
@@ -234,24 +229,14 @@ def test_setup_spack_repro_version(tmpdir, capfd, last_two_git_commits, monkeypa
     assert "Unable to merge {0}".format(c1) in err
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "obj, proto",
-    [
-        ({}, []),
-    ],
-)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("obj, proto", [({}, [])])
 def test_ci_opt_argument_checking(obj, proto):
     """Check that matches() and subkeys() return False when `proto` is not a dict."""
     assert not ci_opt.matches(obj, proto)
     assert not ci_opt.subkeys(obj, proto)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "yaml",
-    [
-        {"extends": 1},
-    ],
-)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("yaml", [{"extends": 1}])
 def test_ci_opt_add_extends_non_sequence(yaml):
     """Check that add_extends() exits if 'extends' is not a sequence."""
     yaml_copy = yaml.copy()
@@ -263,10 +248,7 @@ def test_ci_workarounds():
     fake_root_spec = "x" * 544
     fake_spack_ref = "x" * 40
 
-    common_variables = {
-        "SPACK_COMPILER_ACTION": "NONE",
-        "SPACK_IS_PR_PIPELINE": "False",
-    }
+    common_variables = {"SPACK_COMPILER_ACTION": "NONE", "SPACK_IS_PR_PIPELINE": "False"}
 
     common_before_script = [
         'git clone "https://github.com/spack/spack"',
@@ -307,7 +289,6 @@ def test_ci_workarounds():
         return {name: result}
 
     def make_rebuild_index_job(use_artifact_buildcache, optimize, use_dependencies):
-
         result = {
             "stage": "stage-rebuild-index",
             "script": "spack buildcache update-index --mirror-url s3://mirror",
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/audit.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/audit.py
index 43e0870c1c..493cf9ff36 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/audit.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/audit.py
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ def test_audit_configs(mutable_config, mock_packages):
 
 
 def test_audit_packages_https(mutable_config, mock_packages):
-
     # Without providing --all should fail
     audit("packages-https", fail_on_error=False)
     # The mock configuration has duplicate definitions of some compilers
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/build_env.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/build_env.py
index 705c7a8d56..2efc59fb8e 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/build_env.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/build_env.py
@@ -23,14 +23,7 @@ def test_error_when_multiple_specs_are_given():
     assert "only takes one spec" in output
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "args",
-    [
-        ("--", "/bin/bash", "-c", "echo test"),
-        ("--",),
-        (),
-    ],
-)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("args", [("--", "/bin/bash", "-c", "echo test"), ("--",), ()])
 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("config", "mock_packages", "working_env")
 def test_build_env_requires_a_spec(args):
     output = build_env(*args, fail_on_error=False)
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/ci.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/ci.py
index f5a3185599..5a05aa1d94 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/ci.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/ci.py
@@ -258,12 +258,7 @@ def _validate_needs_graph(yaml_contents, needs_graph, artifacts):
 
 
 def test_ci_generate_bootstrap_gcc(
-    tmpdir,
-    working_env,
-    mutable_mock_env_path,
-    install_mockery,
-    mock_packages,
-    ci_base_environment,
+    tmpdir, working_env, mutable_mock_env_path, install_mockery, mock_packages, ci_base_environment
 ):
     """Test that we can bootstrap a compiler and use it as the
     compiler for a spec in the environment"""
@@ -300,21 +295,10 @@ spack:
 
     needs_graph = {
         "(bootstrap) conflict": [],
-        "(bootstrap) gcc": [
-            "(bootstrap) conflict",
-        ],
-        "(specs) libelf": [
-            "(bootstrap) gcc",
-        ],
-        "(specs) libdwarf": [
-            "(bootstrap) gcc",
-            "(specs) libelf",
-        ],
-        "(specs) dyninst": [
-            "(bootstrap) gcc",
-            "(specs) libelf",
-            "(specs) libdwarf",
-        ],
+        "(bootstrap) gcc": ["(bootstrap) conflict"],
+        "(specs) libelf": ["(bootstrap) gcc"],
+        "(specs) libdwarf": ["(bootstrap) gcc", "(specs) libelf"],
+        "(specs) dyninst": ["(bootstrap) gcc", "(specs) libelf", "(specs) libdwarf"],
     }
 
     with tmpdir.as_cwd():
@@ -331,12 +315,7 @@ spack:
 
 
 def test_ci_generate_bootstrap_artifacts_buildcache(
-    tmpdir,
-    working_env,
-    mutable_mock_env_path,
-    install_mockery,
-    mock_packages,
-    ci_base_environment,
+    tmpdir, working_env, mutable_mock_env_path, install_mockery, mock_packages, ci_base_environment
 ):
     """Test that we can bootstrap a compiler when artifacts buildcache
     is turned on"""
@@ -373,18 +352,9 @@ spack:
 
     needs_graph = {
         "(bootstrap) conflict": [],
-        "(bootstrap) gcc": [
-            "(bootstrap) conflict",
-        ],
-        "(specs) libelf": [
-            "(bootstrap) gcc",
-            "(bootstrap) conflict",
-        ],
-        "(specs) libdwarf": [
-            "(bootstrap) gcc",
-            "(bootstrap) conflict",
-            "(specs) libelf",
-        ],
+        "(bootstrap) gcc": ["(bootstrap) conflict"],
+        "(specs) libelf": ["(bootstrap) gcc", "(bootstrap) conflict"],
+        "(specs) libdwarf": ["(bootstrap) gcc", "(bootstrap) conflict", "(specs) libelf"],
         "(specs) dyninst": [
             "(bootstrap) gcc",
             "(bootstrap) conflict",
@@ -447,11 +417,7 @@ def test_ci_generate_with_cdash_token(
     mock_binary_index,
 ):
     """Make sure we it doesn't break if we configure cdash"""
-    os.environ.update(
-        {
-            "SPACK_CDASH_AUTH_TOKEN": "notreallyatokenbutshouldnotmatter",
-        }
-    )
+    os.environ.update({"SPACK_CDASH_AUTH_TOKEN": "notreallyatokenbutshouldnotmatter"})
     filename = str(tmpdir.join("spack.yaml"))
     with open(filename, "w") as f:
         f.write(
@@ -598,12 +564,7 @@ spack:
 
 
 def test_ci_generate_pkg_with_deps(
-    tmpdir,
-    working_env,
-    mutable_mock_env_path,
-    install_mockery,
-    mock_packages,
-    ci_base_environment,
+    tmpdir, working_env, mutable_mock_env_path, install_mockery, mock_packages, ci_base_environment
 ):
     """Test pipeline generation for a package w/ dependencies"""
     filename = str(tmpdir.join("spack.yaml"))
@@ -670,10 +631,7 @@ def test_ci_generate_for_pr_pipeline(
     rebuilding the mirror index, even if that job is specifically
     configured"""
     os.environ.update(
-        {
-            "SPACK_PIPELINE_TYPE": "spack_pull_request",
-            "SPACK_PR_BRANCH": "fake-test-branch",
-        }
+        {"SPACK_PIPELINE_TYPE": "spack_pull_request", "SPACK_PR_BRANCH": "fake-test-branch"}
     )
     filename = str(tmpdir.join("spack.yaml"))
     with open(filename, "w") as f:
@@ -928,7 +886,6 @@ def test_ci_rebuild_mock_success(
     monkeypatch,
     broken_tests,
 ):
-
     pkg_name = "archive-files"
     rebuild_env = create_rebuild_env(tmpdir, pkg_name, broken_tests)
 
@@ -1129,11 +1086,7 @@ def test_ci_generate_mirror_override(
     """Ensure that protected pipelines using --buildcache-destination do not
     skip building specs that are not in the override mirror when they are
     found in the main mirror."""
-    os.environ.update(
-        {
-            "SPACK_PIPELINE_TYPE": "spack_protected_branch",
-        }
-    )
+    os.environ.update({"SPACK_PIPELINE_TYPE": "spack_protected_branch"})
 
     working_dir = tmpdir.join("working_dir")
 
@@ -1727,12 +1680,7 @@ spack:
         if spec.name == "gcc":
             return []
         else:
-            return [
-                {
-                    "spec": spec,
-                    "mirror_url": mirror_url,
-                }
-            ]
+            return [{"spec": spec, "mirror_url": mirror_url}]
 
     with tmpdir.as_cwd():
         env_cmd("create", "test", "./spack.yaml")
@@ -1766,12 +1714,7 @@ spack:
             # not otherwise need to be rebuilt (thanks to DAG pruning), they
             # both end up in the generated pipeline because the compiler they
             # depend on is bootstrapped, and *does* need to be rebuilt.
-            needs_graph = {
-                "(bootstrap) gcc": [],
-                "(specs) b": [
-                    "(bootstrap) gcc",
-                ],
-            }
+            needs_graph = {"(bootstrap) gcc": [], "(specs) b": ["(bootstrap) gcc"]}
 
             _validate_needs_graph(new_yaml_contents, needs_graph, False)
 
@@ -1788,11 +1731,7 @@ def test_ci_generate_prune_untouched(
 ):
     """Test pipeline generation with pruning works to eliminate
     specs that were not affected by a change"""
-    os.environ.update(
-        {
-            "SPACK_PRUNE_UNTOUCHED": "TRUE",  # enables pruning of untouched specs
-        }
-    )
+    os.environ.update({"SPACK_PRUNE_UNTOUCHED": "TRUE"})  # enables pruning of untouched specs
     mirror_url = "https://my.fake.mirror"
     filename = str(tmpdir.join("spack.yaml"))
     with open(filename, "w") as f:
@@ -2216,14 +2155,7 @@ spack:
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "subcmd",
-    [
-        (""),
-        ("generate"),
-        ("rebuild-index"),
-        ("rebuild"),
-        ("reproduce-build"),
-    ],
+    "subcmd", [(""), ("generate"), ("rebuild-index"), ("rebuild"), ("reproduce-build")]
 )
 def test_ci_help(subcmd, capsys):
     """Make sure `spack ci` --help describes the (sub)command help."""
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/clean.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/clean.py
index 43484a680d..51a4e104c2 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/clean.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/clean.py
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ pytestmark = pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform == "win32", reason="does not run on
 
 @pytest.fixture()
 def mock_calls_for_clean(monkeypatch):
-
     counts = {}
 
     class Counter(object):
@@ -61,7 +60,6 @@ all_effects = ["stages", "downloads", "caches", "failures", "python_cache"]
     ],
 )
 def test_function_calls(command_line, effects, mock_calls_for_clean):
-
     # Call the command with the supplied command line
     clean(command_line)
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/commands.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/commands.py
index 24f11e84ae..1477aa4859 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/commands.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/commands.py
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ def test_update_completion_arg(tmpdir, monkeypatch):
             "format": "bash",
             "header": str(mock_infile),
             "update": str(mock_bashfile),
-        },
+        }
     }
 
     # make a mock completion file missing the --update-completion argument
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/compiler.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/compiler.py
index bdb61abf93..796285a184 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/compiler.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/compiler.py
@@ -271,10 +271,7 @@ def test_compiler_find_path_order(no_compilers_yaml, working_env, clangdir):
         shutil.copy("gfortran-8", "first_in_path/gfortran-8")
 
     # the first_in_path folder should be searched first
-    os.environ["PATH"] = "{0}:{1}".format(
-        str(clangdir.join("first_in_path")),
-        str(clangdir),
-    )
+    os.environ["PATH"] = "{0}:{1}".format(str(clangdir.join("first_in_path")), str(clangdir))
 
     compiler("find", "--scope=site")
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/config.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/config.py
index 86e03028bd..081e1dfefb 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/config.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/config.py
@@ -33,10 +33,7 @@ def _create_config(scope=None, data={}, section="packages"):
 def config_yaml_v015(mutable_config):
     """Create a packages.yaml in the old format"""
     old_data = {
-        "config": {
-            "install_tree": "/fake/path",
-            "install_path_scheme": "{name}-{version}",
-        }
+        "config": {"install_tree": "/fake/path", "install_path_scheme": "{name}-{version}"}
     }
     return functools.partial(_create_config, data=old_data, section="config")
 
@@ -232,7 +229,6 @@ def test_config_add_update_dict(mutable_empty_config):
 
 
 def test_config_with_c_argument(mutable_empty_config):
-
     # I don't know how to add a spack argument to a Spack Command, so we test this way
     config_file = "config:install_root:root:/path/to/config.yaml"
     parser = spack.main.make_argument_parser()
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/create.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/create.py
index f8bc61adf5..ed7a6404bb 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/create.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/create.py
@@ -143,11 +143,7 @@ def test_create_template(mock_test_repo, args, name, expected):
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "name,expected",
-    [
-        (" ", "name must be provided"),
-        ("bad#name", "name can only contain"),
-    ],
+    "name,expected", [(" ", "name must be provided"), ("bad#name", "name can only contain")]
 )
 def test_create_template_bad_name(mock_test_repo, name, expected):
     """Test template creation with bad name options."""
@@ -184,11 +180,7 @@ def test_build_system_guesser_octave():
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "url,expected",
-    [
-        ("testname", "testname"),
-        ("file://example.com/archive.tar.gz", "archive"),
-    ],
+    "url,expected", [("testname", "testname"), ("file://example.com/archive.tar.gz", "archive")]
 )
 def test_get_name_urls(url, expected):
     """Test get_name with different URLs."""
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/env.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/env.py
index 19b53c0573..dc183a84f4 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/env.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/env.py
@@ -627,7 +627,6 @@ packages:
 
     test_scope = spack.config.InternalConfigScope("env-external-test", data=external_config_dict)
     with spack.config.override(test_scope):
-
         e = ev.create("test", initial_yaml)
         e.concretize()
         # Note: normally installing specs in a test environment requires doing
@@ -2763,12 +2762,7 @@ def test_query_develop_specs():
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("method", [spack.cmd.env.env_activate, spack.cmd.env.env_deactivate])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "env,no_env,env_dir",
-    [
-        ("b", False, None),
-        (None, True, None),
-        (None, False, "path/"),
-    ],
+    "env,no_env,env_dir", [("b", False, None), (None, True, None), (None, False, "path/")]
 )
 def test_activation_and_deactiviation_ambiguities(method, env, no_env, env_dir, capsys):
     """spack [-e x | -E | -D x/]  env [activate | deactivate] y are ambiguous"""
@@ -3071,15 +3065,7 @@ def test_read_legacy_lockfile_and_reconcretize(mock_stage, mock_fetch, install_m
         # This prunes all build deps
         (
             ["--use-buildcache=only"],
-            [
-                "dtlink1",
-                "dtlink3",
-                "dtlink4",
-                "dtlink5",
-                "dtrun1",
-                "dtrun3",
-                "dttop",
-            ],
+            ["dtlink1", "dtlink3", "dtlink4", "dtlink5", "dtrun1", "dtrun3", "dttop"],
         ),
         # Test whether pruning of build deps is correct if we explicitly include one
         # that is also a dependency of a root.
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/extensions.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/extensions.py
index c7f638fe44..c1bfc2b153 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/extensions.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/extensions.py
@@ -15,14 +15,7 @@ extensions = SpackCommand("extensions")
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def python_database(mock_packages, mutable_database):
-    specs = [
-        Spec(s).concretized()
-        for s in [
-            "python",
-            "py-extension1",
-            "py-extension2",
-        ]
-    ]
+    specs = [Spec(s).concretized() for s in ["python", "py-extension1", "py-extension2"]]
 
     for spec in specs:
         spec.package.do_install(fake=True, explicit=True)
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/external.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/external.py
index 9f3ff2f688..12b9d405c6 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/external.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/external.py
@@ -383,13 +383,7 @@ def test_new_entries_are_reported_correctly(
     assert "No new external packages detected" in output
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "command_args",
-    [
-        ("-t", "build-tools"),
-        ("-t", "build-tools", "cmake"),
-    ],
-)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("command_args", [("-t", "build-tools"), ("-t", "build-tools", "cmake")])
 def test_use_tags_for_detection(command_args, mock_executable, mutable_config, monkeypatch):
     # Prepare an environment to detect a fake cmake
     cmake_exe = mock_executable("cmake", output="echo cmake version 3.19.1")
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/find.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/find.py
index 17153f998f..5c520a97e1 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/find.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/find.py
@@ -90,7 +90,6 @@ def test_query_arguments():
 @pytest.mark.db
 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("database", "mock_display")
 def test_tag1(parser, specs):
-
     args = parser.parse_args(["--tag", "tag1"])
     spack.cmd.find.find(parser, args)
 
@@ -196,12 +195,7 @@ def test_find_json_deps(database):
 @pytest.mark.db
 def test_display_json(database, capsys):
     specs = [
-        Spec(s).concretized()
-        for s in [
-            "mpileaks ^zmpi",
-            "mpileaks ^mpich",
-            "mpileaks ^mpich2",
-        ]
+        Spec(s).concretized() for s in ["mpileaks ^zmpi", "mpileaks ^mpich", "mpileaks ^mpich2"]
     ]
 
     cmd.display_specs_as_json(specs)
@@ -216,12 +210,7 @@ def test_display_json(database, capsys):
 @pytest.mark.db
 def test_display_json_deps(database, capsys):
     specs = [
-        Spec(s).concretized()
-        for s in [
-            "mpileaks ^zmpi",
-            "mpileaks ^mpich",
-            "mpileaks ^mpich2",
-        ]
+        Spec(s).concretized() for s in ["mpileaks ^zmpi", "mpileaks ^mpich", "mpileaks ^mpich2"]
     ]
 
     cmd.display_specs_as_json(specs, deps=True)
@@ -237,31 +226,19 @@ def test_display_json_deps(database, capsys):
 def test_find_format(database, config):
     output = find("--format", "{name}-{^mpi.name}", "mpileaks")
     assert set(output.strip().split("\n")) == set(
-        [
-            "mpileaks-zmpi",
-            "mpileaks-mpich",
-            "mpileaks-mpich2",
-        ]
+        ["mpileaks-zmpi", "mpileaks-mpich", "mpileaks-mpich2"]
     )
 
     output = find("--format", "{name}-{version}-{compiler.name}-{^mpi.name}", "mpileaks")
     assert "installed package" not in output
     assert set(output.strip().split("\n")) == set(
-        [
-            "mpileaks-2.3-gcc-zmpi",
-            "mpileaks-2.3-gcc-mpich",
-            "mpileaks-2.3-gcc-mpich2",
-        ]
+        ["mpileaks-2.3-gcc-zmpi", "mpileaks-2.3-gcc-mpich", "mpileaks-2.3-gcc-mpich2"]
     )
 
     output = find("--format", "{name}-{^mpi.name}-{hash:7}", "mpileaks")
     elements = output.strip().split("\n")
     assert set(e[:-7] for e in elements) == set(
-        [
-            "mpileaks-zmpi-",
-            "mpileaks-mpich-",
-            "mpileaks-mpich2-",
-        ]
+        ["mpileaks-zmpi-", "mpileaks-mpich-", "mpileaks-mpich2-"]
     )
 
     # hashes are in base32
@@ -317,12 +294,7 @@ def test_find_very_long(database, config):
     output = find("-L", "--no-groups", "mpileaks")
 
     specs = [
-        Spec(s).concretized()
-        for s in [
-            "mpileaks ^zmpi",
-            "mpileaks ^mpich",
-            "mpileaks ^mpich2",
-        ]
+        Spec(s).concretized() for s in ["mpileaks ^zmpi", "mpileaks ^mpich", "mpileaks ^mpich2"]
     ]
 
     assert set(output.strip().split("\n")) == set(
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/info.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/info.py
index 5f43fcc06d..801a69cbde 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/info.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/info.py
@@ -59,11 +59,7 @@ def test_info_noversion(mock_packages, print_buffer):
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "pkg_query,expected",
-    [
-        ("zlib", "False"),
-        ("gcc", "True (version, variants)"),
-    ],
+    "pkg_query,expected", [("zlib", "False"), ("gcc", "True (version, variants)")]
 )
 def test_is_externally_detectable(pkg_query, expected, parser, print_buffer):
     args = parser.parse_args(["--detectable", pkg_query])
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/install.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/install.py
index dd95967dbe..8074cfe0dc 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/install.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/install.py
@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@ def noop_install(monkeypatch):
 def test_install_package_and_dependency(
     tmpdir, mock_packages, mock_archive, mock_fetch, config, install_mockery
 ):
-
     log = "test"
     with tmpdir.as_cwd():
         install("--log-format=junit", "--log-file={0}".format(log), "libdwarf")
@@ -96,7 +95,6 @@ def test_install_runtests_all(monkeypatch, mock_packages, install_mockery):
 def test_install_package_already_installed(
     tmpdir, mock_packages, mock_archive, mock_fetch, config, install_mockery
 ):
-
     with tmpdir.as_cwd():
         install("libdwarf")
         install("--log-format=junit", "--log-file=test.xml", "libdwarf")
@@ -242,11 +240,7 @@ def test_install_overwrite(mock_packages, mock_archive, mock_fetch, config, inst
 
 
 def test_install_overwrite_not_installed(
-    mock_packages,
-    mock_archive,
-    mock_fetch,
-    config,
-    install_mockery,
+    mock_packages, mock_archive, mock_fetch, config, install_mockery
 ):
     # Try to install a spec and then to reinstall it.
     spec = Spec("libdwarf")
@@ -342,11 +336,7 @@ def test_install_overwrite_multiple(
 
 
 @pytest.mark.usefixtures(
-    "mock_packages",
-    "mock_archive",
-    "mock_fetch",
-    "config",
-    "install_mockery",
+    "mock_packages", "mock_archive", "mock_fetch", "config", "install_mockery"
 )
 def test_install_conflicts(conflict_spec):
     # Make sure that spec with conflicts raises a SpackError
@@ -355,11 +345,7 @@ def test_install_conflicts(conflict_spec):
 
 
 @pytest.mark.usefixtures(
-    "mock_packages",
-    "mock_archive",
-    "mock_fetch",
-    "config",
-    "install_mockery",
+    "mock_packages", "mock_archive", "mock_fetch", "config", "install_mockery"
 )
 def test_install_invalid_spec(invalid_spec):
     # Make sure that invalid specs raise a SpackError
@@ -378,7 +364,6 @@ def test_install_invalid_spec(invalid_spec):
     ],
 )
 def test_install_from_file(spec, concretize, error_code, tmpdir):
-
     if concretize:
         spec.concretize()
 
@@ -508,7 +493,6 @@ def test_junit_output_with_errors(
     ],
 )
 def test_install_mix_cli_and_files(clispecs, filespecs, tmpdir):
-
     args = clispecs
 
     for spec in filespecs:
@@ -556,10 +540,7 @@ def test_cdash_report_concretization_error(
             assert "<UpdateReturnStatus>" in content
             # The message is different based on using the
             # new or the old concretizer
-            expected_messages = (
-                "Conflicts in concretized spec",
-                "conflicts with",
-            )
+            expected_messages = ("Conflicts in concretized spec", "conflicts with")
             assert any(x in content for x in expected_messages)
 
 
@@ -650,7 +631,6 @@ def test_cdash_install_from_spec_json(
     # capfd interferes with Spack's capturing
     with capfd.disabled():
         with tmpdir.as_cwd():
-
             spec_json_path = str(tmpdir.join("spec.json"))
 
             pkg_spec = Spec("a")
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/maintainers.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/maintainers.py
index e3452a5667..93b75da167 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/maintainers.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/maintainers.py
@@ -66,11 +66,7 @@ def test_all(mock_packages, capfd):
 
     with capfd.disabled():
         out = split(maintainers("--all", "maintainers-1"))
-    assert out == [
-        "maintainers-1:",
-        "user1,",
-        "user2",
-    ]
+    assert out == ["maintainers-1:", "user1,", "user2"]
 
 
 def test_all_by_user(mock_packages, capfd):
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/mirror.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/mirror.py
index a6f8830734..8c355e8f50 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/mirror.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/mirror.py
@@ -159,13 +159,7 @@ def test_mirror_crud(mutable_config, capsys):
         assert "Removed mirror" in output
 
         # Test S3 connection info token
-        mirror(
-            "add",
-            "--s3-access-token",
-            "aaaaaazzzzz",
-            "mirror",
-            "s3://spack-public",
-        )
+        mirror("add", "--s3-access-token", "aaaaaazzzzz", "mirror", "s3://spack-public")
 
         output = mirror("remove", "mirror")
         assert "Removed mirror" in output
@@ -334,12 +328,7 @@ class TestMirrorCreate(object):
         specs = spack.cmd.mirror.concrete_specs_from_user(MockMirrorArgs(**cli_args))
         assert not any(s.satisfies(y) for s in specs for y in not_expected)
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        "abstract_specs",
-        [
-            ("bowtie", "callpath"),
-        ],
-    )
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("abstract_specs", [("bowtie", "callpath")])
     def test_specs_from_cli_are_the_same_as_from_file(self, abstract_specs, config, tmpdir):
         args = MockMirrorArgs(specs=" ".join(abstract_specs))
         specs_from_cli = spack.cmd.mirror.concrete_specs_from_user(args)
@@ -353,12 +342,7 @@ class TestMirrorCreate(object):
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
         "input_specs,nversions",
-        [
-            ("callpath", 1),
-            ("mpich", 4),
-            ("callpath mpich", 3),
-            ("callpath mpich", "all"),
-        ],
+        [("callpath", 1), ("mpich", 4), ("callpath mpich", 3), ("callpath mpich", "all")],
     )
     def test_versions_per_spec_produces_concrete_specs(self, input_specs, nversions, config):
         args = MockMirrorArgs(specs=input_specs, versions_per_spec=nversions)
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/test.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/test.py
index b76d0494df..ed36d711f8 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/test.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cmd/test.py
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ def test_test_package_not_installed(
     install_mockery_mutable_config,
     mock_test_stage,
 ):
-
     output = spack_test("run", "libdwarf")
 
     assert "No installed packages match spec libdwarf" in output
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/compilers/basics.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/compilers/basics.py
index 30de8a8e40..0c5660efca 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/compilers/basics.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/compilers/basics.py
@@ -715,19 +715,12 @@ fi
     # Add compiler to config
     compiler_info = {
         "spec": "gcc@foo",
-        "paths": {
-            "cc": gcc,
-            "cxx": None,
-            "f77": None,
-            "fc": None,
-        },
+        "paths": {"cc": gcc, "cxx": None, "f77": None, "fc": None},
         "flags": {},
         "operating_system": "fake",
         "target": "fake",
         "modules": ["turn_on"],
-        "environment": {
-            "set": {"CMP_VER": test_version},
-        },
+        "environment": {"set": {"CMP_VER": test_version}},
         "extra_rpaths": [],
     }
     compiler_dict = {"compiler": compiler_info}
@@ -768,19 +761,12 @@ fi
     # Add compiler to config
     compiler_info = {
         "spec": "gcc@foo",
-        "paths": {
-            "cc": gcc,
-            "cxx": None,
-            "f77": None,
-            "fc": None,
-        },
+        "paths": {"cc": gcc, "cxx": None, "f77": None, "fc": None},
         "flags": {},
         "operating_system": "fake",
         "target": "fake",
         "modules": ["turn_on"],
-        "environment": {
-            "set": {"CMP_VER": test_version},
-        },
+        "environment": {"set": {"CMP_VER": test_version}},
         "extra_rpaths": [],
     }
     compiler_dict = {"compiler": compiler_info}
@@ -829,12 +815,7 @@ echo "4.4.4"
     # Add compiler to config
     compiler_info = {
         "spec": "gcc@foo",
-        "paths": {
-            "cc": gcc,
-            "cxx": None,
-            "f77": None,
-            "fc": None,
-        },
+        "paths": {"cc": gcc, "cxx": None, "f77": None, "fc": None},
         "flags": {},
         "operating_system": "fake",
         "target": "fake",
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/concretize.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/concretize.py
index 3e816dc63e..bd54b57dc4 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/concretize.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/concretize.py
@@ -407,13 +407,7 @@ class TestConcretize(object):
         s = Spec("singlevalue-variant-dependent-type")
         s.concretize()
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        "spec,version",
-        [
-            ("dealii", "develop"),
-            ("xsdk", "0.4.0"),
-        ],
-    )
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("spec,version", [("dealii", "develop"), ("xsdk", "0.4.0")])
     def concretize_difficult_packages(self, a, b):
         """Test a couple of large packages that are often broken due
         to current limitations in the concretizer"""
@@ -582,7 +576,6 @@ class TestConcretize(object):
         assert "c" == find_spec(s["b"], lambda s: "+foo" in s).name
 
     def test_find_spec_sibling(self):
-
         s = Spec.from_literal({"a": {"b +foo": {"c": None, "d": None}, "e +foo": None}})
 
         assert "e" == find_spec(s["b"], lambda s: "+foo" in s).name
@@ -710,7 +703,6 @@ class TestConcretize(object):
         ],
     )
     def test_simultaneous_concretization_of_specs(self, abstract_specs):
-
         abstract_specs = [Spec(x) for x in abstract_specs]
         concrete_specs = spack.concretize.concretize_specs_together(*abstract_specs)
 
@@ -918,9 +910,7 @@ class TestConcretize(object):
             pytest.xfail("Known failure of the original concretizer")
 
         packages_yaml = {
-            "all": {
-                "compiler": ["clang", "gcc"],
-            },
+            "all": {"compiler": ["clang", "gcc"]},
             "cmake": {
                 "externals": [{"spec": "cmake@3.4.3", "prefix": "/usr"}],
                 "buildable": False,
@@ -1976,9 +1966,7 @@ class TestConcretize(object):
                 "buildable": False,
                 "externals": [{"spec": "py-extension1@2.0", "prefix": fake_path}],
             },
-            "python": {
-                "externals": [{"spec": python_spec, "prefix": fake_path}],
-            },
+            "python": {"externals": [{"spec": python_spec, "prefix": fake_path}]},
         }
         spack.config.set("packages", external_conf)
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/concretize_preferences.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/concretize_preferences.py
index e1084811e0..2a5ccd1f96 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/concretize_preferences.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/concretize_preferences.py
@@ -277,6 +277,7 @@ mpich:
 
         The specific code for parsing the module is tested elsewhere.
         This just tests that the preference is accounted for"""
+
         # make sure this doesn't give us an external first.
         def mock_module(cmd, module):
             return "prepend-path PATH /dummy/path"
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/concretize_requirements.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/concretize_requirements.py
index c7b3a3f4fd..965d85e93d 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/concretize_requirements.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/concretize_requirements.py
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ repo:
         )
 
     packages_dir = tmpdir.join("packages")
-    for (pkg_name, pkg_str) in [_pkgx, _pkgy, _pkgv]:
+    for pkg_name, pkg_str in [_pkgx, _pkgy, _pkgv]:
         pkg_dir = packages_dir.ensure(pkg_name, dir=True)
         pkg_file = pkg_dir.join("package.py")
         with open(str(pkg_file), "w") as f:
@@ -372,11 +372,7 @@ packages:
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "mpi_requirement,specific_requirement",
-    [
-        ("mpich", "@3.0.3"),
-        ("mpich2", "%clang"),
-        ("zmpi", "%gcc"),
-    ],
+    [("mpich", "@3.0.3"), ("mpich2", "%clang"), ("zmpi", "%gcc")],
 )
 def test_requirements_on_virtual_and_on_package(
     mpi_requirement, specific_requirement, concretize_scope, mock_packages
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/config.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/config.py
index 1c798f2abc..3ff5a52728 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/config.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/config.py
@@ -145,10 +145,7 @@ a_comps = {
         {
             "compiler": {
                 "paths": {"cc": "/gcc422", "cxx": "/g++422", "f77": "gfortran", "fc": "gfortran"},
-                "flags": {
-                    "cppflags": "-O0 -fpic",
-                    "fflags": "-f77",
-                },
+                "flags": {"cppflags": "-O0 -fpic", "fflags": "-f77"},
                 "modules": None,
                 "spec": "gcc@4.2.2",
                 "operating_system": "CNL10",
@@ -191,10 +188,7 @@ b_comps = {
         {
             "compiler": {
                 "paths": {"cc": "/icc123", "cxx": "/icp123", "f77": "ifort", "fc": "ifort"},
-                "flags": {
-                    "cppflags": "-O3",
-                    "fflags": "-f77rtl",
-                },
+                "flags": {"cppflags": "-O3", "fflags": "-f77rtl"},
                 "modules": None,
                 "spec": "icc@12.3",
                 "operating_system": "CNL10",
@@ -298,7 +292,6 @@ def test_add_config_path_with_enumerated_type(mutable_config):
 
 
 def test_add_config_filename(mock_low_high_config, tmpdir):
-
     config_yaml = tmpdir.join("config-filename.yaml")
     config_yaml.ensure()
     with config_yaml.open("w") as f:
@@ -586,21 +579,9 @@ def test_read_config_override_list(mock_low_high_config, write_config_file):
 
 def test_ordereddict_merge_order():
     """ "Test that source keys come before dest keys in merge_yaml results."""
-    source = syaml.syaml_dict(
-        [
-            ("k1", "v1"),
-            ("k2", "v2"),
-            ("k3", "v3"),
-        ]
-    )
+    source = syaml.syaml_dict([("k1", "v1"), ("k2", "v2"), ("k3", "v3")])
 
-    dest = syaml.syaml_dict(
-        [
-            ("k4", "v4"),
-            ("k3", "WRONG"),
-            ("k5", "v5"),
-        ]
-    )
+    dest = syaml.syaml_dict([("k4", "v4"), ("k3", "WRONG"), ("k5", "v5")])
 
     result = spack.config.merge_yaml(dest, source)
     assert "WRONG" not in result.values()
@@ -657,11 +638,7 @@ def test_mark_internal():
             "int": 6,
             "numbers": [1, 2, 3],
             "string": "foo",
-            "dict": {
-                "more_numbers": [1, 2, 3],
-                "another_string": "foo",
-                "another_int": 7,
-            },
+            "dict": {"more_numbers": [1, 2, 3], "another_string": "foo", "another_int": 7},
         }
     }
 
@@ -700,13 +677,7 @@ def test_internal_config_from_data():
     # add an internal config initialized from an inline dict
     config.push_scope(
         spack.config.InternalConfigScope(
-            "_builtin",
-            {
-                "config": {
-                    "verify_ssl": False,
-                    "build_jobs": 6,
-                }
-            },
+            "_builtin", {"config": {"verify_ssl": False, "build_jobs": 6}}
         )
     )
 
@@ -719,13 +690,7 @@ def test_internal_config_from_data():
     # push one on top and see what happens.
     config.push_scope(
         spack.config.InternalConfigScope(
-            "higher",
-            {
-                "config": {
-                    "checksum": True,
-                    "verify_ssl": True,
-                }
-            },
+            "higher", {"config": {"checksum": True, "verify_ssl": True}}
         )
     )
 
@@ -1336,13 +1301,7 @@ def test_config_collect_urls(mutable_empty_config, mock_spider_configs, url, isf
     ],
 )
 def test_config_fetch_remote_configs(
-    tmpdir,
-    mutable_empty_config,
-    mock_collect_urls,
-    mock_curl_configs,
-    url,
-    isfile,
-    fail,
+    tmpdir, mutable_empty_config, mock_collect_urls, mock_curl_configs, url, isfile, fail
 ):
     def _has_content(filename):
         # The first element of all configuration files for this test happen to
@@ -1399,10 +1358,7 @@ def mock_collect_urls(mock_config_data, monkeypatch):
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "url,skip",
-    [
-        (github_url.format("tree"), True),
-        ("{0}/compilers.yaml".format(gitlab_url), True),
-    ],
+    [(github_url.format("tree"), True), ("{0}/compilers.yaml".format(gitlab_url), True)],
 )
 def test_config_fetch_remote_configs_skip(
     tmpdir, mutable_empty_config, mock_collect_urls, mock_curl_configs, url, skip
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/conftest.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/conftest.py
index bf6e4e6b35..9a7b3a6a9a 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/conftest.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/conftest.py
@@ -716,9 +716,7 @@ def configuration_dir(tmpdir_factory, linux_os):
 
 def _create_mock_configuration_scopes(configuration_dir):
     """Create the configuration scopes used in `config` and `mutable_config`."""
-    scopes = [
-        spack.config.InternalConfigScope("_builtin", spack.config.config_defaults),
-    ]
+    scopes = [spack.config.InternalConfigScope("_builtin", spack.config.config_defaults)]
     scopes += [
         spack.config.ConfigScope(name, str(configuration_dir.join(name)))
         for name in ["site", "system", "user"]
@@ -1277,12 +1275,7 @@ def mock_cvs_repository(tmpdir_factory):
         return format_date(timestamp)
 
     checks = {
-        "default": Bunch(
-            file=r1_file,
-            branch=None,
-            date=None,
-            args={"cvs": url},
-        ),
+        "default": Bunch(file=r1_file, branch=None, date=None, args={"cvs": url}),
         "branch": Bunch(
             file=r1_file,
             branch="mock-branch",
@@ -1298,11 +1291,7 @@ def mock_cvs_repository(tmpdir_factory):
     }
 
     test = Bunch(
-        checks=checks,
-        url=url,
-        get_branch=get_branch,
-        get_date=get_date,
-        path=str(repodir),
+        checks=checks, url=url, get_branch=get_branch, get_date=get_date, path=str(repodir)
     )
 
     yield test
@@ -1402,12 +1391,7 @@ def mock_git_repository(git, tmpdir_factory):
         git("tag", tag)
 
         try:
-            default_branch = git(
-                "config",
-                "--get",
-                "init.defaultBranch",
-                output=str,
-            ).strip()
+            default_branch = git("config", "--get", "init.defaultBranch", output=str).strip()
         except Exception:
             default_branch = "master"
         git("checkout", default_branch)
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/cray_manifest.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/cray_manifest.py
index 0815116eda..4ffff0b926 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/cray_manifest.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/cray_manifest.py
@@ -130,10 +130,7 @@ class JsonCompilerEntry(object):
         """The compiler spec only lists the name/version, not
         arch/executables.
         """
-        return {
-            "name": self.name,
-            "version": self.version,
-        }
+        return {"name": self.name, "version": self.version}
 
 
 _common_arch = JsonArchEntry(platform="linux", os="centos8", target="haswell").to_dict()
@@ -265,10 +262,7 @@ def test_translate_compiler_name():
     nvidia_compiler = JsonCompilerEntry(
         name="nvidia",
         version="19.1",
-        executables={
-            "cc": "/path/to/compiler/nvc",
-            "cxx": "/path/to/compiler/nvc++",
-        },
+        executables={"cc": "/path/to/compiler/nvc", "cxx": "/path/to/compiler/nvc++"},
     )
 
     compiler = compiler_from_entry(nvidia_compiler.compiler_json())
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/directory_layout.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/directory_layout.py
index ade7303f01..323c081e64 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/directory_layout.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/directory_layout.py
@@ -13,10 +13,7 @@ import pytest
 
 import spack.paths
 import spack.repo
-from spack.directory_layout import (
-    DirectoryLayout,
-    InvalidDirectoryLayoutParametersError,
-)
+from spack.directory_layout import DirectoryLayout, InvalidDirectoryLayoutParametersError
 from spack.spec import Spec
 from spack.util.path import path_to_os_path
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/environment.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/environment.py
index db59e71fea..2f363dfdca 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/environment.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/environment.py
@@ -9,10 +9,7 @@ import pickle
 import pytest
 
 from spack.environment import Environment
-from spack.environment.environment import (
-    SpackEnvironmentViewError,
-    _error_on_nonempty_view_dir,
-)
+from spack.environment.environment import SpackEnvironmentViewError, _error_on_nonempty_view_dir
 
 
 def test_environment_pickle(tmpdir):
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/environment_modifications.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/environment_modifications.py
index 10cb5e5f8c..42ce72ad67 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/environment_modifications.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/environment_modifications.py
@@ -362,7 +362,6 @@ def test_preserve_environment(prepare_environment_for_tests):
 )
 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("prepare_environment_for_tests")
 def test_environment_from_sourcing_files(files, expected, deleted):
-
     env = environment.environment_after_sourcing_files(*files)
 
     # Test that variables that have been modified are still there and contain
@@ -393,7 +392,6 @@ def test_clear(env):
     ],
 )
 def test_sanitize_literals(env, exclude, include):
-
     after = environment.sanitize(env, exclude, include)
 
     # Check that all the included variables are there
@@ -430,7 +428,6 @@ def test_sanitize_literals(env, exclude, include):
     ],
 )
 def test_sanitize_regex(env, exclude, include, expected, deleted):
-
     after = environment.sanitize(env, exclude, include)
 
     assert all(x in after for x in expected)
@@ -481,15 +478,11 @@ def test_sanitize_regex(env, exclude, include, expected, deleted):
         (
             {"FOO": "foo", "BAR": "bar"},
             {"FOO": "baz", "BAR": "baz"},
-            [
-                environment.SetEnv("FOO", "baz"),
-                environment.SetEnv("BAR", "baz"),
-            ],
+            [environment.SetEnv("FOO", "baz"), environment.SetEnv("BAR", "baz")],
         ),
     ],
 )
 def test_from_environment_diff(before, after, search_list):
-
     mod = environment.EnvironmentModifications.from_environment_diff(before, after)
 
     for item in search_list:
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/git_fetch.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/git_fetch.py
index 988742153a..bf647da55e 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/git_fetch.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/git_fetch.py
@@ -177,7 +177,6 @@ def test_fetch_pkg_attr_submodule_init(
 def test_adhoc_version_submodules(
     mock_git_repository, config, mutable_mock_repo, monkeypatch, mock_stage
 ):
-
     t = mock_git_repository.checks["tag"]
     # Construct the package under test
     pkg_class = spack.repo.path.get_pkg_class("git-test")
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/hooks/absolutify_elf_sonames.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/hooks/absolutify_elf_sonames.py
index c3e4da31cc..b2f4a63364 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/hooks/absolutify_elf_sonames.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/hooks/absolutify_elf_sonames.py
@@ -11,10 +11,7 @@ import pytest
 import llnl.util.filesystem as fs
 
 import spack.platforms
-from spack.hooks.absolutify_elf_sonames import (
-    SharedLibrariesVisitor,
-    find_and_patch_sonames,
-)
+from spack.hooks.absolutify_elf_sonames import SharedLibrariesVisitor, find_and_patch_sonames
 from spack.util.executable import Executable
 
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/file_list.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/file_list.py
index 7e85b78044..bbf9a161df 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/file_list.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/file_list.py
@@ -9,13 +9,7 @@ import sys
 
 import pytest
 
-from llnl.util.filesystem import (
-    HeaderList,
-    LibraryList,
-    find,
-    find_headers,
-    find_libraries,
-)
+from llnl.util.filesystem import HeaderList, LibraryList, find, find_headers, find_libraries
 
 import spack.paths
 
@@ -80,7 +74,6 @@ class TestLibraryList(object):
         assert library_list == x
 
     def test_joined_and_str(self, library_list):
-
         s1 = library_list.joined()
         expected = " ".join(
             [
@@ -109,7 +102,6 @@ class TestLibraryList(object):
         assert s3 == expected
 
     def test_flags(self, library_list):
-
         search_flags = library_list.search_flags
         assert "-L/dir1" in search_flags
         assert "-L/dir2" in search_flags
@@ -306,7 +298,6 @@ def test_library_type_search(lib_list, kwargs):
     ],
 )
 def test_searching_order(search_fn, search_list, root, kwargs):
-
     # Test search
     result = search_fn(search_list, root, **kwargs)
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/filesystem.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/filesystem.py
index 86c9f91c48..bbadfcbca9 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/filesystem.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/filesystem.py
@@ -315,7 +315,6 @@ def test_paths_containing_libs(dirs_with_libfiles):
 
 
 def test_move_transaction_commit(tmpdir):
-
     fake_library = tmpdir.mkdir("lib").join("libfoo.so")
     fake_library.write("Just some fake content.")
 
@@ -330,7 +329,6 @@ def test_move_transaction_commit(tmpdir):
 
 
 def test_move_transaction_rollback(tmpdir):
-
     fake_library = tmpdir.mkdir("lib").join("libfoo.so")
     fake_library.write("Initial content.")
 
@@ -812,28 +810,10 @@ def test_visit_directory_tree_follow_all(noncyclical_dir_structure):
         j("c", "file_2"),
         j("file_3"),
     ]
-    assert visitor.dirs_before == [
-        j("a"),
-        j("a", "d"),
-        j("b", "d"),
-        j("c"),
-    ]
-    assert visitor.dirs_after == [
-        j("a", "d"),
-        j("a"),
-        j("b", "d"),
-        j("c"),
-    ]
-    assert visitor.symlinked_dirs_before == [
-        j("a", "to_c"),
-        j("b"),
-        j("b", "to_c"),
-    ]
-    assert visitor.symlinked_dirs_after == [
-        j("a", "to_c"),
-        j("b", "to_c"),
-        j("b"),
-    ]
+    assert visitor.dirs_before == [j("a"), j("a", "d"), j("b", "d"), j("c")]
+    assert visitor.dirs_after == [j("a", "d"), j("a"), j("b", "d"), j("c")]
+    assert visitor.symlinked_dirs_before == [j("a", "to_c"), j("b"), j("b", "to_c")]
+    assert visitor.symlinked_dirs_after == [j("a", "to_c"), j("b", "to_c"), j("b")]
 
 
 @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform == "win32", reason="Requires symlinks")
@@ -849,20 +829,9 @@ def test_visit_directory_tree_follow_dirs(noncyclical_dir_structure):
         j("c", "file_2"),
         j("file_3"),
     ]
-    assert visitor.dirs_before == [
-        j("a"),
-        j("a", "d"),
-        j("c"),
-    ]
-    assert visitor.dirs_after == [
-        j("a", "d"),
-        j("a"),
-        j("c"),
-    ]
-    assert visitor.symlinked_dirs_before == [
-        j("a", "to_c"),
-        j("b"),
-    ]
+    assert visitor.dirs_before == [j("a"), j("a", "d"), j("c")]
+    assert visitor.dirs_after == [j("a", "d"), j("a"), j("c")]
+    assert visitor.symlinked_dirs_before == [j("a", "to_c"), j("b")]
     assert not visitor.symlinked_dirs_after
 
 
@@ -872,17 +841,10 @@ def test_visit_directory_tree_follow_none(noncyclical_dir_structure):
     visitor = RegisterVisitor(root, follow_dirs=False, follow_symlink_dirs=False)
     fs.visit_directory_tree(root, visitor)
     j = os.path.join
-    assert visitor.files == [
-        j("file_3"),
-    ]
-    assert visitor.dirs_before == [
-        j("a"),
-        j("c"),
-    ]
+    assert visitor.files == [j("file_3")]
+    assert visitor.dirs_before == [j("a"), j("c")]
     assert not visitor.dirs_after
-    assert visitor.symlinked_dirs_before == [
-        j("b"),
-    ]
+    assert visitor.symlinked_dirs_before == [j("b")]
     assert not visitor.symlinked_dirs_after
 
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/lang.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/lang.py
index 95cc327dcc..d913ecc264 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/lang.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/lang.py
@@ -239,21 +239,14 @@ def test_unequal_args(args1, kwargs1, args2, kwargs2):
     "args1,kwargs1,args2,kwargs2",
     [
         # Ensure that kwargs are stably sorted.
-        ((), {"a": 3, "b": 4}, (), {"b": 4, "a": 3}),
+        ((), {"a": 3, "b": 4}, (), {"b": 4, "a": 3})
     ],
 )
 def test_equal_args(args1, kwargs1, args2, kwargs2):
     assert stable_args(*args1, **kwargs1) == stable_args(*args2, **kwargs2)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "args, kwargs",
-    [
-        ((1,), {}),
-        ((), {"a": 3}),
-        ((1,), {"a": 3}),
-    ],
-)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("args, kwargs", [((1,), {}), ((), {"a": 3}), ((1,), {"a": 3})])
 def test_memoized(args, kwargs):
     @memoized
     def f(*args, **kwargs):
@@ -265,10 +258,7 @@ def test_memoized(args, kwargs):
     assert f.cache[key] == "return-value"
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "args, kwargs",
-    [(([1],), {}), ((), {"a": [1]})],
-)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("args, kwargs", [(([1],), {}), ((), {"a": [1]})])
 def test_memoized_unhashable(args, kwargs):
     """Check that an exception is raised clearly"""
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/link_tree.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/link_tree.py
index 391e060537..3ae39bbb79 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/link_tree.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/link_tree.py
@@ -103,7 +103,6 @@ def test_merge_to_new_directory_relative(stage, link_tree):
 
 def test_merge_to_existing_directory(stage, link_tree):
     with working_dir(stage.path):
-
         touchp("dest/x")
         touchp("dest/a/b/y")
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/tty/log.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/tty/log.py
index 9b37912d3d..b5767d1862 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/tty/log.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/llnl/util/tty/log.py
@@ -450,10 +450,7 @@ def mock_shell_v_v_no_termios(proc, ctl, **kwargs):
 @pytest.mark.skipif(not termios, reason="requires termios support")
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "test_fn,termios_on_or_off",
-    [
-        (mock_shell_v_v, lang.nullcontext),
-        (mock_shell_v_v_no_termios, no_termios),
-    ],
+    [(mock_shell_v_v, lang.nullcontext), (mock_shell_v_v_no_termios, no_termios)],
 )
 @pytest.mark.xfail(reason="Fails almost consistently when run with coverage and xdist")
 def test_foreground_background_output(test_fn, capfd, termios_on_or_off, tmpdir):
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/mirror.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/mirror.py
index cd5a7da7fe..8fa32c4893 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/mirror.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/mirror.py
@@ -123,7 +123,6 @@ def test_hg_mirror(mock_hg_repository):
 
 
 def test_all_mirror(mock_git_repository, mock_svn_repository, mock_hg_repository, mock_archive):
-
     set_up_package("git-test", mock_git_repository, "git")
     set_up_package("svn-test", mock_svn_repository, "svn")
     set_up_package("hg-test", mock_hg_repository, "hg")
@@ -133,13 +132,7 @@ def test_all_mirror(mock_git_repository, mock_svn_repository, mock_hg_repository
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "mirror",
-    [
-        spack.mirror.Mirror(
-            "https://example.com/fetch",
-            "https://example.com/push",
-        ),
-    ],
+    "mirror", [spack.mirror.Mirror("https://example.com/fetch", "https://example.com/push")]
 )
 def test_roundtrip_mirror(mirror):
     mirror_yaml = mirror.to_yaml()
@@ -174,11 +167,10 @@ def test_invalid_json_mirror(invalid_json, error_message):
         spack.mirror.MirrorCollection(
             mirrors={
                 "example-mirror": spack.mirror.Mirror(
-                    "https://example.com/fetch",
-                    "https://example.com/push",
-                ).to_dict(),
-            },
-        ),
+                    "https://example.com/fetch", "https://example.com/push"
+                ).to_dict()
+            }
+        )
     ],
 )
 def test_roundtrip_mirror_collection(mirror_collection):
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/modules/common.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/modules/common.py
index 53b5b71ad3..691a50dd54 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/modules/common.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/modules/common.py
@@ -22,14 +22,7 @@ pytestmark = pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform == "win32", reason="does not run on
 
 def test_update_dictionary_extending_list():
     target = {"foo": {"a": 1, "b": 2, "d": 4}, "bar": [1, 2, 4], "baz": "foobar"}
-    update = {
-        "foo": {
-            "c": 3,
-        },
-        "bar": [3],
-        "baz": "foobaz",
-        "newkey": {"d": 4},
-    }
+    update = {"foo": {"c": 3}, "bar": [3], "baz": "foobaz", "newkey": {"d": 4}}
     spack.modules.common.update_dictionary_extending_lists(target, update)
     assert len(target) == 4
     assert len(target["foo"]) == 4
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/modules/lmod.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/modules/lmod.py
index fbd8be49a7..9ca0c3aa50 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/modules/lmod.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/modules/lmod.py
@@ -41,10 +41,7 @@ def provider(request):
     return request.param
 
 
-@pytest.mark.usefixtures(
-    "config",
-    "mock_packages",
-)
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("config", "mock_packages")
 class TestLmod(object):
     def test_file_layout(self, compiler, provider, factory, module_configuration):
         """Tests the layout of files in the hierarchy is the one expected."""
@@ -254,12 +251,7 @@ class TestLmod(object):
         assert writer.conf.core_compilers
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        "spec_str",
-        [
-            "mpileaks target=nocona",
-            "mpileaks target=core2",
-            "mpileaks target=x86_64",
-        ],
+        "spec_str", ["mpileaks target=nocona", "mpileaks target=core2", "mpileaks target=x86_64"]
     )
     @pytest.mark.regression("13005")
     def test_only_generic_microarchitectures_in_root(
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/modules/tcl.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/modules/tcl.py
index 2ea9f1ccd6..145e5e6156 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/modules/tcl.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/modules/tcl.py
@@ -218,7 +218,6 @@ class TestTcl(object):
             modulefile_content("mpileaks")
 
     def test_module_index(self, module_configuration, factory, tmpdir_factory):
-
         module_configuration("suffix")
 
         w1, s1 = factory("mpileaks")
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/package_class.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/package_class.py
index fff839932f..6f5d650231 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/package_class.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/package_class.py
@@ -61,11 +61,7 @@ def test_possible_dependencies(mock_packages, mpileaks_possible_deps):
 def test_possible_direct_dependencies(mock_packages, mpileaks_possible_deps):
     pkg_cls = spack.repo.path.get_pkg_class("mpileaks")
     deps = pkg_cls.possible_dependencies(transitive=False, expand_virtuals=False)
-    assert {
-        "callpath": set(),
-        "mpi": set(),
-        "mpileaks": {"callpath", "mpi"},
-    } == deps
+    assert {"callpath": set(), "mpi": set(), "mpileaks": {"callpath", "mpi"}} == deps
 
 
 def test_possible_dependencies_virtual(mock_packages, mpi_names):
@@ -101,10 +97,9 @@ def test_possible_dependencies_with_deptypes(mock_packages):
         "dtlink2": set(),
     } == dtbuild1.possible_dependencies(deptype=("build"))
 
-    assert {
-        "dtbuild1": {"dtlink2"},
-        "dtlink2": set(),
-    } == dtbuild1.possible_dependencies(deptype=("link"))
+    assert {"dtbuild1": {"dtlink2"}, "dtlink2": set()} == dtbuild1.possible_dependencies(
+        deptype=("link")
+    )
 
 
 def test_possible_dependencies_with_multiple_classes(mock_packages, mpileaks_possible_deps):
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/packaging.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/packaging.py
index 16a5753e60..75891ce94c 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/packaging.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/packaging.py
@@ -252,7 +252,6 @@ def test_relocate_links(tmpdir):
 
 
 def test_needs_relocation():
-
     assert needs_binary_relocation("application", "x-sharedlib")
     assert needs_binary_relocation("application", "x-executable")
     assert not needs_binary_relocation("application", "x-octet-stream")
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/pattern.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/pattern.py
index 7d89a87f50..ccf43c96f1 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/pattern.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/pattern.py
@@ -67,7 +67,6 @@ def composite(interface, implementation, request):
 
 
 def test_composite_interface_calls(interface, composite):
-
     composite.add()
     assert interface.counter == 3
 
@@ -77,7 +76,6 @@ def test_composite_interface_calls(interface, composite):
 
 
 def test_composite_wrong_container(interface):
-
     with pytest.raises(TypeError):
 
         @pattern.composite(interface=interface, container=2)
@@ -86,7 +84,6 @@ def test_composite_wrong_container(interface):
 
 
 def test_composite_no_methods():
-
     with pytest.raises(TypeError):
 
         @pattern.composite()
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/relocate_text.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/relocate_text.py
index 9f97e7e83f..a92497ce16 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/relocate_text.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/relocate_text.py
@@ -152,9 +152,7 @@ def test_ordered_replacement():
 
     # Too short matching suffix, identical string length
     error_msg = "Cannot replace {!r} with {!r} in the C-string {!r}.".format(
-        b"pkg-gwixwaxlgczp6",
-        b"pkg-zkesfrzlgczp6",
-        b"pkg-gwixwaxlgczp6",
+        b"pkg-gwixwaxlgczp6", b"pkg-zkesfrzlgczp6", b"pkg-gwixwaxlgczp6"
     )
     with pytest.raises(relocate_text.CannotShrinkCString, match=error_msg):
         replace_and_expect(
@@ -169,9 +167,7 @@ def test_ordered_replacement():
     # at a distance where we cant keep a long enough suffix, and one where we can,
     # so we should expect failure when the first null is used.
     error_msg = "Cannot replace {!r} with {!r} in the C-string {!r}.".format(
-        b"pkg-abcdef",
-        b"pkg-xyzabc",
-        b"pkg-abcdef",
+        b"pkg-abcdef", b"pkg-xyzabc", b"pkg-abcdef"
     )
     with pytest.raises(relocate_text.CannotShrinkCString, match=error_msg):
         replace_and_expect(
@@ -231,11 +227,7 @@ def test_inplace_text_replacement():
         b"Install path: /replacement.",
     )
 
-    replace_and_expect(
-        [(b"/my/prefix", b"/replacement")],
-        b"#!/my/prefix",
-        b"#!/replacement",
-    )
+    replace_and_expect([(b"/my/prefix", b"/replacement")], b"#!/my/prefix", b"#!/replacement")
 
 
 def test_relocate_text_filters_redundant_entries():
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/schema.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/schema.py
index c096b9461c..d7f4e524ff 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/schema.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/schema.py
@@ -35,11 +35,7 @@ def module_suffixes_schema():
                         "properties": {
                             "suffixes": {
                                 "validate_spec": True,
-                                "patternProperties": {
-                                    r"\w[\w-]*": {
-                                        "type": "string",
-                                    }
-                                },
+                                "patternProperties": {r"\w[\w-]*": {"type": "string"}},
                             }
                         },
                     }
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/spack_yaml.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/spack_yaml.py
index a6d7e34438..de5e6814d9 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/spack_yaml.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/spack_yaml.py
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ config_file:
 
 
 def test_parse(data):
-
     expected = {
         "config_file": syaml.syaml_dict(
             [
@@ -52,7 +51,6 @@ def test_parse(data):
 
 
 def test_dict_order(data):
-
     expected_order = ["x86_64", "some_list", "another_list", "some_key"]
     assert list(data["config_file"].keys()) == expected_order
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_dag.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_dag.py
index 5afc831096..5c437da6ba 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_dag.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_dag.py
@@ -342,9 +342,7 @@ class TestSpecDag(object):
         spec.normalize()
         spec.normalize()
 
-    def test_normalize_with_virtual_spec(
-        self,
-    ):
+    def test_normalize_with_virtual_spec(self):
         dag = Spec.from_literal(
             {
                 "mpileaks": {
@@ -484,7 +482,7 @@ class TestSpecDag(object):
                         mpich: None,
                     },
                     mpich: None,
-                },
+                }
             }
         )
 
@@ -826,7 +824,6 @@ class TestSpecDag(object):
         ].deptypes == ("build", "link", "run")
 
     def check_diamond_normalized_dag(self, spec):
-
         dag = Spec.from_literal(
             {
                 "dt-diamond": {
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_list.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_list.py
index 3595ddfd76..7df87542b0 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_list.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_list.py
@@ -23,12 +23,7 @@ class TestSpecList(object):
         "mpileaks",
         "zmpi@1.0",
         "mpich@3.0",
-        {
-            "matrix": [
-                ["hypre"],
-                ["%gcc@4.5.0", "%clang@3.3"],
-            ]
-        },
+        {"matrix": [["hypre"], ["%gcc@4.5.0", "%clang@3.3"]]},
         "libelf",
     ]
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_semantics.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_semantics.py
index c09ddeb920..d60df890ba 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_semantics.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_semantics.py
@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ def _specify(spec_like):
 
 
 def check_satisfies(target_spec, constraint_spec, target_concrete=False):
-
     target = make_spec(target_spec, target_concrete)
     constraint = _specify(constraint_spec)
 
@@ -55,7 +54,6 @@ def check_satisfies(target_spec, constraint_spec, target_concrete=False):
 
 
 def check_unsatisfiable(target_spec, constraint_spec, target_concrete=False):
-
     target = make_spec(target_spec, target_concrete)
     constraint = _specify(constraint_spec)
 
@@ -325,7 +323,6 @@ class TestSpecSematics(object):
         assert "a@1.0" not in spec
 
     def test_unsatisfiable_multi_value_variant(self):
-
         # Semantics for a multi-valued variant is different
         # Depending on whether the spec is concrete or not
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_syntax.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_syntax.py
index 56d85bfca2..62396d57ef 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_syntax.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_syntax.py
@@ -403,9 +403,7 @@ def specfile_for(default_mock_concretization):
         # Key value pairs with ":" and "," in the value
         (
             r"target=:broadwell,icelake",
-            [
-                Token(TokenType.KEY_VALUE_PAIR, value="target=:broadwell,icelake"),
-            ],
+            [Token(TokenType.KEY_VALUE_PAIR, value="target=:broadwell,icelake")],
             r"arch=None-None-:broadwell,icelake",
         ),
         # Hash pair version followed by a variant
@@ -480,13 +478,7 @@ def specfile_for(default_mock_concretization):
             [Token(TokenType.VERSION, value="@1.2 : 1.4 , 1.6")],
             "@1.2:1.4,1.6",
         ),
-        (
-            "@1.2 :   develop",
-            [
-                Token(TokenType.VERSION, value="@1.2 :   develop"),
-            ],
-            "@1.2:develop",
-        ),
+        ("@1.2 :   develop", [Token(TokenType.VERSION, value="@1.2 :   develop")], "@1.2:develop"),
         (
             "@1.2 :   develop   = foo",
             [
@@ -522,10 +514,7 @@ def specfile_for(default_mock_concretization):
         ),
         (
             "@:0.4 % nvhpc",
-            [
-                Token(TokenType.VERSION, value="@:0.4"),
-                Token(TokenType.COMPILER, value="% nvhpc"),
-            ],
+            [Token(TokenType.VERSION, value="@:0.4"), Token(TokenType.COMPILER, value="% nvhpc")],
             "@:0.4%nvhpc",
         ),
     ],
@@ -847,39 +836,23 @@ def test_error_conditions(text, exc_cls):
     [
         # Specfile related errors
         pytest.param(
-            "/bogus/path/libdwarf.yaml",
-            spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError,
-            marks=FAIL_ON_WINDOWS,
-        ),
-        pytest.param(
-            "../../libdwarf.yaml",
-            spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError,
-            marks=FAIL_ON_WINDOWS,
-        ),
-        pytest.param(
-            "./libdwarf.yaml",
-            spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError,
-            marks=FAIL_ON_WINDOWS,
+            "/bogus/path/libdwarf.yaml", spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError, marks=FAIL_ON_WINDOWS
         ),
+        pytest.param("../../libdwarf.yaml", spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError, marks=FAIL_ON_WINDOWS),
+        pytest.param("./libdwarf.yaml", spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError, marks=FAIL_ON_WINDOWS),
         pytest.param(
             "libfoo ^/bogus/path/libdwarf.yaml",
             spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError,
             marks=FAIL_ON_WINDOWS,
         ),
         pytest.param(
-            "libfoo ^../../libdwarf.yaml",
-            spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError,
-            marks=FAIL_ON_WINDOWS,
+            "libfoo ^../../libdwarf.yaml", spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError, marks=FAIL_ON_WINDOWS
         ),
         pytest.param(
-            "libfoo ^./libdwarf.yaml",
-            spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError,
-            marks=FAIL_ON_WINDOWS,
+            "libfoo ^./libdwarf.yaml", spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError, marks=FAIL_ON_WINDOWS
         ),
         pytest.param(
-            "/bogus/path/libdwarf.yamlfoobar",
-            spack.spec.SpecFilenameError,
-            marks=FAIL_ON_WINDOWS,
+            "/bogus/path/libdwarf.yamlfoobar", spack.spec.SpecFilenameError, marks=FAIL_ON_WINDOWS
         ),
         pytest.param(
             "libdwarf^/bogus/path/libelf.yamlfoobar ^/path/to/bogus.yaml",
@@ -887,34 +860,20 @@ def test_error_conditions(text, exc_cls):
             marks=FAIL_ON_WINDOWS,
         ),
         pytest.param(
-            "c:\\bogus\\path\\libdwarf.yaml",
-            spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError,
-            marks=FAIL_ON_UNIX,
-        ),
-        pytest.param(
-            "..\\..\\libdwarf.yaml",
-            spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError,
-            marks=FAIL_ON_UNIX,
-        ),
-        pytest.param(
-            ".\\libdwarf.yaml",
-            spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError,
-            marks=FAIL_ON_UNIX,
+            "c:\\bogus\\path\\libdwarf.yaml", spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError, marks=FAIL_ON_UNIX
         ),
+        pytest.param("..\\..\\libdwarf.yaml", spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError, marks=FAIL_ON_UNIX),
+        pytest.param(".\\libdwarf.yaml", spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError, marks=FAIL_ON_UNIX),
         pytest.param(
             "libfoo ^c:\\bogus\\path\\libdwarf.yaml",
             spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError,
             marks=FAIL_ON_UNIX,
         ),
         pytest.param(
-            "libfoo ^..\\..\\libdwarf.yaml",
-            spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError,
-            marks=FAIL_ON_UNIX,
+            "libfoo ^..\\..\\libdwarf.yaml", spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError, marks=FAIL_ON_UNIX
         ),
         pytest.param(
-            "libfoo ^.\\libdwarf.yaml",
-            spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError,
-            marks=FAIL_ON_UNIX,
+            "libfoo ^.\\libdwarf.yaml", spack.spec.NoSuchSpecFileError, marks=FAIL_ON_UNIX
         ),
         pytest.param(
             "c:\\bogus\\path\\libdwarf.yamlfoobar",
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_yaml.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_yaml.py
index 48826dc493..ff614c0d68 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_yaml.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/spec_yaml.py
@@ -252,13 +252,7 @@ def test_ordered_read_not_required_for_consistent_dag_hash(config, mock_packages
         assert spec.dag_hash() == round_trip_reversed_json_spec.dag_hash()
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "module",
-    [
-        spack.spec,
-        spack.version,
-    ],
-)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("module", [spack.spec, spack.version])
 def test_hashes_use_no_python_dicts(module):
     """Coarse check to make sure we don't use dicts in Spec.to_node_dict().
 
@@ -479,15 +473,7 @@ ordered_spec = collections.OrderedDict(
                 ]
             ),
         ),
-        (
-            "compiler",
-            collections.OrderedDict(
-                [
-                    ("name", "apple-clang"),
-                    ("version", "13.0.0"),
-                ]
-            ),
-        ),
+        ("compiler", collections.OrderedDict([("name", "apple-clang"), ("version", "13.0.0")])),
         ("name", "zlib"),
         ("namespace", "builtin"),
         (
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/stage.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/stage.py
index 06ca3732a6..1cc1f20472 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/stage.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/stage.py
@@ -198,6 +198,7 @@ def tmp_build_stage_dir(tmpdir, clear_stage_root):
 @pytest.fixture
 def mock_stage_archive(tmp_build_stage_dir):
     """Create the directories and files for the staged mock archive."""
+
     # Mock up a stage area that looks like this:
     #
     # tmpdir/                test_files_dir
@@ -385,7 +386,6 @@ def check_stage_dir_perms(prefix, path):
 
 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_packages")
 class TestStage(object):
-
     stage_name = "spack-test-stage"
 
     def test_setup_and_destroy_name_with_tmp(self, mock_stage_archive):
@@ -444,7 +444,6 @@ class TestStage(object):
 
     @pytest.mark.disable_clean_stage_check
     def test_composite_stage_with_expand_resource(self, composite_stage_with_expanding_resource):
-
         (
             composite_stage,
             root_stage,
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/test_suite.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/test_suite.py
index b0e28a1474..3bebfd3da5 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/test_suite.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/test_suite.py
@@ -89,10 +89,7 @@ def test_test_uninstalled(mock_packages, install_mockery, mock_test_stage):
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "arguments,status,msg",
-    [
-        ({}, "SKIPPED", "Skipped"),
-        ({"externals": True}, "NO-TESTS", "No tests"),
-    ],
+    [({}, "SKIPPED", "Skipped"), ({"externals": True}, "NO-TESTS", "No tests")],
 )
 def test_test_external(
     mock_packages, install_mockery, mock_test_stage, monkeypatch, arguments, status, msg
@@ -146,7 +143,6 @@ def test_test_spec_run_once(mock_packages, install_mockery, mock_test_stage):
 
 
 def test_test_spec_passes(mock_packages, install_mockery, mock_test_stage, monkeypatch):
-
     spec = spack.spec.Spec("simple-standalone-test").concretized()
     monkeypatch.setattr(spack.spec.Spec, "installed", _true)
     test_suite = spack.install_test.TestSuite([spec])
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/traverse.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/traverse.py
index 1334f33883..dae944ffc3 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/traverse.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/traverse.py
@@ -145,16 +145,7 @@ def test_breadth_first_traversal(abstract_specs_dtuse):
 def test_breadth_first_deptype_traversal(abstract_specs_dtuse):
     s = abstract_specs_dtuse["dtuse"]
 
-    names = [
-        "dtuse",
-        "dttop",
-        "dtbuild1",
-        "dtlink1",
-        "dtbuild2",
-        "dtlink2",
-        "dtlink3",
-        "dtlink4",
-    ]
+    names = ["dtuse", "dttop", "dtbuild1", "dtlink1", "dtbuild2", "dtlink2", "dtlink3", "dtlink4"]
 
     traversal = traverse.traverse_nodes([s], order="breadth", key=id, deptype=("build", "link"))
     assert [x.name for x in traversal] == names
@@ -243,23 +234,13 @@ def test_breadth_first_versus_depth_first_tree(abstract_specs_chain):
     assert [
         (depth, edge.spec.name)
         for (depth, edge) in traverse.traverse_tree([s], cover="nodes", depth_first=False)
-    ] == [
-        (0, "chain-a"),
-        (1, "chain-b"),
-        (1, "chain-c"),
-        (1, "chain-d"),
-    ]
+    ] == [(0, "chain-a"), (1, "chain-b"), (1, "chain-c"), (1, "chain-d")]
 
     # DFS will disover all nodes along the chain a -> b -> c -> d.
     assert [
         (depth, edge.spec.name)
         for (depth, edge) in traverse.traverse_tree([s], cover="nodes", depth_first=True)
-    ] == [
-        (0, "chain-a"),
-        (1, "chain-b"),
-        (2, "chain-c"),
-        (3, "chain-d"),
-    ]
+    ] == [(0, "chain-a"), (1, "chain-b"), (2, "chain-c"), (3, "chain-d")]
 
     # When covering all edges, we should never exceed depth 2 in BFS.
     assert [
@@ -402,15 +383,7 @@ def test_traverse_edges_topo(abstract_specs_toposort):
 
     # See figure above, we have 7 edges (excluding artifical ones to the root)
     assert set(edges) == set(
-        [
-            ("A", "B"),
-            ("A", "C"),
-            ("B", "F"),
-            ("B", "G"),
-            ("C", "D"),
-            ("D", "B"),
-            ("E", "D"),
-        ]
+        [("A", "B"), ("A", "C"), ("B", "F"), ("B", "G"), ("C", "D"), ("D", "B"), ("E", "D")]
     )
 
     # Verify that all in-edges precede all out-edges
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/util/elf.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/util/elf.py
index aef9afeebf..b80072d015 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/util/elf.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/util/elf.py
@@ -29,10 +29,7 @@ def skip_unless_linux(f):
 @skip_unless_linux
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "linker_flag,is_runpath",
-    [
-        ("-Wl,--disable-new-dtags", False),
-        ("-Wl,--enable-new-dtags", True),
-    ],
+    [("-Wl,--disable-new-dtags", False), ("-Wl,--enable-new-dtags", True)],
 )
 def test_elf_parsing_shared_linking(linker_flag, is_runpath, tmpdir):
     gcc = spack.util.executable.which("gcc")
@@ -159,9 +156,6 @@ def test_elf_get_and_replace_rpaths(binary_with_rpaths):
         elf.replace_rpath_in_place_or_raise(
             executable,
             OrderedDict(
-                [
-                    (b"/short-a", b"/very/long/prefix-a"),
-                    (b"/short-b", b"/very/long/prefix-b"),
-                ]
+                [(b"/short-a", b"/very/long/prefix-a"), (b"/short-b", b"/very/long/prefix-b")]
             ),
         )
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/variant.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/variant.py
index f352c43655..18daec359f 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/variant.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/variant.py
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ from spack.variant import (
 
 class TestMultiValuedVariant(object):
     def test_initialization(self):
-
         # Basic properties
         a = MultiValuedVariant("foo", "bar,baz")
         assert repr(a) == "MultiValuedVariant('foo', 'bar,baz')"
@@ -70,7 +69,6 @@ class TestMultiValuedVariant(object):
         assert eval(repr(d)) == a
 
     def test_satisfies(self):
-
         a = MultiValuedVariant("foo", "bar,baz")
         b = MultiValuedVariant("foo", "bar")
         c = MultiValuedVariant("fee", "bar,baz")
@@ -104,7 +102,6 @@ class TestMultiValuedVariant(object):
         assert not d.satisfies(almost_d_bv)
 
     def test_compatible(self):
-
         a = MultiValuedVariant("foo", "bar,baz")
         b = MultiValuedVariant("foo", "True")
         c = MultiValuedVariant("fee", "bar,baz")
@@ -139,7 +136,6 @@ class TestMultiValuedVariant(object):
         assert not c.compatible(b_bv)
 
     def test_constrain(self):
-
         # Try to constrain on a value with less constraints than self
         a = MultiValuedVariant("foo", "bar,baz")
         b = MultiValuedVariant("foo", "bar")
@@ -189,7 +185,6 @@ class TestMultiValuedVariant(object):
         assert not a.constrain(d_bv)
 
     def test_yaml_entry(self):
-
         a = MultiValuedVariant("foo", "bar,baz,barbaz")
         b = MultiValuedVariant("foo", "bar, baz,  barbaz")
         expected = ("foo", sorted(["bar", "baz", "barbaz"]))
@@ -205,7 +200,6 @@ class TestMultiValuedVariant(object):
 
 class TestSingleValuedVariant(object):
     def test_initialization(self):
-
         # Basic properties
         a = SingleValuedVariant("foo", "bar")
         assert repr(a) == "SingleValuedVariant('foo', 'bar')"
@@ -262,7 +256,6 @@ class TestSingleValuedVariant(object):
         assert not e.satisfies(almost_e_bv)
 
     def test_compatible(self):
-
         a = SingleValuedVariant("foo", "bar")
         b = SingleValuedVariant("fee", "bar")
         c = SingleValuedVariant("foo", "baz")
@@ -317,7 +310,6 @@ class TestSingleValuedVariant(object):
         assert not e.compatible(almost_e_bv)
 
     def test_constrain(self):
-
         # Try to constrain on a value equal to self
         a = SingleValuedVariant("foo", "bar")
         b = SingleValuedVariant("foo", "bar")
@@ -449,7 +441,6 @@ class TestBoolValuedVariant(object):
         assert d.satisfies(d_sv)
 
     def test_compatible(self):
-
         a = BoolValuedVariant("foo", True)
         b = BoolValuedVariant("fee", True)
         c = BoolValuedVariant("foo", False)
@@ -523,7 +514,6 @@ class TestBoolValuedVariant(object):
             assert not a.constrain(v)
 
     def test_yaml_entry(self):
-
         a = BoolValuedVariant("foo", "True")
         expected = ("foo", True)
         assert a.yaml_entry() == expected
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/versions.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/versions.py
index 07590e89ca..586908b791 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/versions.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/versions.py
@@ -16,14 +16,7 @@ from llnl.util.filesystem import working_dir
 
 import spack.package_base
 import spack.spec
-from spack.version import (
-    GitVersion,
-    Version,
-    VersionBase,
-    VersionList,
-    VersionRange,
-    ver,
-)
+from spack.version import GitVersion, Version, VersionBase, VersionList, VersionRange, ver
 
 
 def assert_ver_lt(a, b):
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/test/web.py b/lib/spack/spack/test/web.py
index ba9b1e40f1..4cc5277cd0 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/test/web.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/test/web.py
@@ -224,11 +224,7 @@ def test_list_url(tmpdir):
 
 class MockPages(object):
     def search(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        return [
-            {"Key": "keyone"},
-            {"Key": "keytwo"},
-            {"Key": "keythree"},
-        ]
+        return [{"Key": "keyone"}, {"Key": "keytwo"}, {"Key": "keythree"}]
 
 
 class MockPaginator(object):
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/util/elf.py b/lib/spack/spack/util/elf.py
index ef19ddd341..c5b5223512 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/util/elf.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/util/elf.py
@@ -46,30 +46,12 @@ SectionHeader = namedtuple(
 
 ProgramHeader32 = namedtuple(
     "ProgramHeader32",
-    [
-        "p_type",
-        "p_offset",
-        "p_vaddr",
-        "p_paddr",
-        "p_filesz",
-        "p_memsz",
-        "p_flags",
-        "p_align",
-    ],
+    ["p_type", "p_offset", "p_vaddr", "p_paddr", "p_filesz", "p_memsz", "p_flags", "p_align"],
 )
 
 ProgramHeader64 = namedtuple(
     "ProgramHeader64",
-    [
-        "p_type",
-        "p_flags",
-        "p_offset",
-        "p_vaddr",
-        "p_paddr",
-        "p_filesz",
-        "p_memsz",
-        "p_align",
-    ],
+    ["p_type", "p_flags", "p_offset", "p_vaddr", "p_paddr", "p_filesz", "p_memsz", "p_align"],
 )
 
 
@@ -516,8 +498,7 @@ class ElfDynamicSectionUpdateFailed(Exception):
         self.new = new
         super(ElfDynamicSectionUpdateFailed, self).__init__(
             "New rpath {} is longer than old rpath {}".format(
-                new.decode("utf-8"),
-                old.decode("utf-8"),
+                new.decode("utf-8"), old.decode("utf-8")
             )
         )
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/util/environment.py b/lib/spack/spack/util/environment.py
index 1f019cbbab..c85b882253 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/util/environment.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/util/environment.py
@@ -1004,12 +1004,7 @@ def environment_after_sourcing_files(*files, **kwargs):
 
         # Try to source the file
         source_file_arguments = " ".join(
-            [
-                source_file,
-                suppress_output,
-                concatenate_on_success,
-                dump_environment,
-            ]
+            [source_file, suppress_output, concatenate_on_success, dump_environment]
         )
         output = shell(source_file_arguments, output=str, env=environment, ignore_quotes=True)
         return json.loads(output)
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/util/executable.py b/lib/spack/spack/util/executable.py
index 35a82026ac..4e026b565c 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/util/executable.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/util/executable.py
@@ -196,12 +196,7 @@ class Executable(object):
 
         try:
             proc = subprocess.Popen(
-                cmd,
-                stdin=istream,
-                stderr=estream,
-                stdout=ostream,
-                env=env,
-                close_fds=False,
+                cmd, stdin=istream, stderr=estream, stdout=ostream, env=env, close_fds=False
             )
             out, err = proc.communicate()
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/util/gcs.py b/lib/spack/spack/util/gcs.py
index e1f972ff23..9feb489192 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/util/gcs.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/util/gcs.py
@@ -160,7 +160,6 @@ class GCSBlob(object):
     """
 
     def __init__(self, url, client=None):
-
         self.url = url
         if url.scheme != "gs":
             raise ValueError(
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/util/package_hash.py b/lib/spack/spack/util/package_hash.py
index b5115f6aa6..b60a576674 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/util/package_hash.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/util/package_hash.py
@@ -309,10 +309,7 @@ def canonical_source(spec, filter_multimethods=True, source=None):
             AST if they are known statically to be unused. Supply False to disable.
         source (str): Optionally provide a string to read python code from.
     """
-    return unparse(
-        package_ast(spec, filter_multimethods, source=source),
-        py_ver_consistent=True,
-    )
+    return unparse(package_ast(spec, filter_multimethods, source=source), py_ver_consistent=True)
 
 
 def package_hash(spec, source=None):
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/util/spack_yaml.py b/lib/spack/spack/util/spack_yaml.py
index 651713d121..84e22bee07 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/util/spack_yaml.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/util/spack_yaml.py
@@ -51,12 +51,7 @@ class syaml_int(int):
 
 
 #: mapping from syaml type -> primitive type
-syaml_types = {
-    syaml_str: str,
-    syaml_int: int,
-    syaml_dict: dict,
-    syaml_list: list,
-}
+syaml_types = {syaml_str: str, syaml_int: int, syaml_dict: dict, syaml_list: list}
 
 
 markable_types = set(syaml_types) | set([yaml.comments.CommentedSeq, yaml.comments.CommentedMap])
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/util/unparse/unparser.py b/lib/spack/spack/util/unparse/unparser.py
index c24cf8ee1a..9ca8eb90a9 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/util/unparse/unparser.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/util/unparse/unparser.py
@@ -614,12 +614,7 @@ class Unparser:
         """Write string literal value w/a best effort attempt to avoid backslashes."""
         string, quote_types = self._str_literal_helper(string, quote_types=quote_types)
         quote_type = quote_types[0]
-        self.write(
-            "{quote_type}{string}{quote_type}".format(
-                quote_type=quote_type,
-                string=string,
-            )
-        )
+        self.write("{quote_type}{string}{quote_type}".format(quote_type=quote_type, string=string))
 
     # expr
     def visit_Bytes(self, node):
@@ -664,12 +659,7 @@ class Unparser:
             new_buffer.append(value)
         value = "".join(new_buffer)
         quote_type = quote_types[0]
-        self.write(
-            "{quote_type}{value}{quote_type}".format(
-                quote_type=quote_type,
-                value=value,
-            )
-        )
+        self.write("{quote_type}{value}{quote_type}".format(quote_type=quote_type, value=value))
 
     def visit_FormattedValue(self, node):
         # FormattedValue(expr value, int? conversion, expr? format_spec)
@@ -698,10 +688,7 @@ class Unparser:
         write("{")
 
         expr = StringIO()
-        unparser = type(self)(
-            py_ver_consistent=self._py_ver_consistent,
-            _avoid_backslashes=True,
-        )
+        unparser = type(self)(py_ver_consistent=self._py_ver_consistent, _avoid_backslashes=True)
         unparser.set_precedence(pnext(_Precedence.TEST), node.value)
         unparser.visit(node.value, expr)
         expr = expr.getvalue().rstrip("\n")
@@ -940,15 +927,9 @@ class Unparser:
                 self.write(" " + self.cmpops[o.__class__.__name__] + " ")
                 self.dispatch(e)
 
-    boolops = {
-        "And": "and",
-        "Or": "or",
-    }
+    boolops = {"And": "and", "Or": "or"}
 
-    boolop_precedence = {
-        "and": _Precedence.AND,
-        "or": _Precedence.OR,
-    }
+    boolop_precedence = {"and": _Precedence.AND, "or": _Precedence.OR}
 
     def visit_BoolOp(self, node):
         operator = self.boolops[node.op.__class__.__name__]
@@ -1224,11 +1205,7 @@ class Unparser:
 
         with self.delimit("{", "}"):
             keys = node.keys
-            interleave(
-                lambda: self.write(", "),
-                write_key_pattern_pair,
-                zip(keys, node.patterns),
-            )
+            interleave(lambda: self.write(", "), write_key_pattern_pair, zip(keys, node.patterns))
             rest = node.rest
             if rest is not None:
                 if keys:
@@ -1252,9 +1229,7 @@ class Unparser:
                 if patterns:
                     self.write(", ")
                 interleave(
-                    lambda: self.write(", "),
-                    write_attr_pattern,
-                    zip(attrs, node.kwd_patterns),
+                    lambda: self.write(", "), write_attr_pattern, zip(attrs, node.kwd_patterns)
                 )
 
     def visit_MatchAs(self, node):
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/util/url.py b/lib/spack/spack/util/url.py
index c353d21f41..cacee8f1fb 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/util/url.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/util/url.py
@@ -147,11 +147,7 @@ def join(base_url, path, *extra, **kwargs):
     last_abs_component = None
     scheme = ""
     for i in range(n - 1, -1, -1):
-        obj = urllib.parse.urlparse(
-            paths[i],
-            scheme="",
-            allow_fragments=False,
-        )
+        obj = urllib.parse.urlparse(paths[i], scheme="", allow_fragments=False)
 
         scheme = obj.scheme
 
@@ -161,11 +157,7 @@ def join(base_url, path, *extra, **kwargs):
                 # Without a scheme, we have to go back looking for the
                 # next-last component that specifies a scheme.
                 for j in range(i - 1, -1, -1):
-                    obj = urllib.parse.urlparse(
-                        paths[j],
-                        scheme="",
-                        allow_fragments=False,
-                    )
+                    obj = urllib.parse.urlparse(paths[j], scheme="", allow_fragments=False)
 
                     if obj.scheme:
                         paths[i] = "{SM}://{NL}{PATH}".format(
@@ -181,11 +173,7 @@ def join(base_url, path, *extra, **kwargs):
     if last_abs_component is not None:
         paths = paths[last_abs_component:]
         if len(paths) == 1:
-            result = urllib.parse.urlparse(
-                paths[0],
-                scheme="file",
-                allow_fragments=False,
-            )
+            result = urllib.parse.urlparse(paths[0], scheme="file", allow_fragments=False)
 
             # another subtlety: If the last argument to join() is an absolute
             # file:// URL component with a relative path, the relative path
@@ -250,12 +238,7 @@ def _join(base_url, path, *extra, **kwargs):
 
     return format(
         urllib.parse.ParseResult(
-            scheme=scheme,
-            netloc=netloc,
-            path=base_path,
-            params=params,
-            query=query,
-            fragment=None,
+            scheme=scheme, netloc=netloc, path=base_path, params=params, query=query, fragment=None
         )
     )
 
diff --git a/lib/spack/spack/version.py b/lib/spack/spack/version.py
index f389dfc067..2048e794cc 100644
--- a/lib/spack/spack/version.py
+++ b/lib/spack/spack/version.py
@@ -229,11 +229,7 @@ class VersionBase(object):
 
     """
 
-    __slots__ = [
-        "version",
-        "separators",
-        "string",
-    ]
+    __slots__ = ["version", "separators", "string"]
 
     def __init__(self, string: str) -> None:
         if not isinstance(string, str):