Add `intel-oneapi-runtime`, allow injecting virtual dependencies (#42062)

This PR adds:
- A new runtime for `%oneapi` compilers, called `intel-oneapi-runtime`
- Information to both `gcc-runtime`  and `intel-oneapi-runtime`, to ensure
  that we don't mix compilers using different soname for either `libgfortran`
  or `libifcore`

To do so, the following internal mechanisms have been implemented:
- Possibility to inject virtual dependencies from the `runtime_constraints`
  callback on packages

Information has been added to `gcc-runtime` to provide the correct soname
under different conditions on its `%gcc`.

Rules injected into the solver looks like:

```prolog
% Add a dependency on 'gfortran@5' for nodes compiled with gcc@=13.2.0 and using the 'fortran' language
attr("dependency_holds", node(ID, Package), "gfortran", "link") :-
  attr("node", node(ID, Package)),
  attr("node_compiler", node(ID, Package), "gcc"),
  attr("node_compiler_version", node(ID, Package), "gcc", "13.2.0"),
  not external(node(ID, Package)),
  not runtime(Package),
  attr("language", node(ID, Package), "fortran").

attr("virtual_node", node(RuntimeID, "gfortran")) :-
  attr("depends_on", node(ID, Package), ProviderNode, "link"),
  provider(ProviderNode, node(RuntimeID, "gfortran")),
  attr("node", node(ID, Package)),
  attr("node_compiler", node(ID, Package), "gcc"),
  attr("node_compiler_version", node(ID, Package), "gcc", "13.2.0"),
  not external(node(ID, Package)),
  not runtime(Package),
  attr("language", node(ID, Package), "fortran").

attr("node_version_satisfies", node(RuntimeID, "gfortran"), "5") :-
  attr("depends_on", node(ID, Package), ProviderNode, "link"),
  provider(ProviderNode, node(RuntimeID, "gfortran")),
  attr("node", node(ID, Package)),
  attr("node_compiler", node(ID, Package), "gcc"),
  attr("node_compiler_version", node(ID, Package), "gcc", "13.2.0"),
  not external(node(ID, Package)),
  not runtime(Package),
  attr("language", node(ID, Package), "fortran").
```

1 files changed, 3 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/etc/spack/defaults/packages.yaml b/etc/spack/defaults/packages.yaml
index 24d19ac4cb..654875a575 100644
--- a/etc/spack/defaults/packages.yaml
+++ b/etc/spack/defaults/packages.yaml
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ packages:
       elf: [elfutils]
       fftw-api: [fftw, amdfftw]
       flame: [libflame, amdlibflame]
+      fortran-rt: [gcc-runtime, intel-oneapi-runtime]
       fuse: [libfuse]
       gl: [glx, osmesa]
       glu: [mesa-glu, openglu]
@@ -34,7 +35,9 @@ packages:
       java: [openjdk, jdk, ibm-java]
       jpeg: [libjpeg-turbo, libjpeg]
       lapack: [openblas, amdlibflame]
+      libgfortran: [ gcc-runtime ]
       libglx: [mesa+glx, mesa18+glx]
+      libifcore: [ intel-oneapi-runtime ]
       libllvm: [llvm]
       libosmesa: [mesa+osmesa, mesa18+osmesa]
       lua-lang: [lua, lua-luajit-openresty, lua-luajit]