initial population

8 files changed, 2279 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/bin/ls/cmp.c b/bin/ls/cmp.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..21d50e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bin/ls/cmp.c
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+/*	$NetBSD: cmp.c,v 1.17 2003/08/07 09:05:14 agc Exp $	*/
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
+ *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
+ * Michael Fischbein.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+ *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ *    without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+#ifndef lint
+#if 0
+static char sccsid[] = "@(#)cmp.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 5/31/93";
+#else
+__RCSID("$NetBSD: cmp.c,v 1.17 2003/08/07 09:05:14 agc Exp $");
+#endif
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+
+#include <fts.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "ls.h"
+#include "extern.h"
+
+#if defined(_POSIX_SOURCE) || defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE) || \
+    defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) || defined(__NetBSD__)
+#define ATIMENSEC_CMP(x, op, y) ((x)->st_atimensec op (y)->st_atimensec)
+#define CTIMENSEC_CMP(x, op, y) ((x)->st_ctimensec op (y)->st_ctimensec)
+#define MTIMENSEC_CMP(x, op, y) ((x)->st_mtimensec op (y)->st_mtimensec)
+#else
+#define ATIMENSEC_CMP(x, op, y) \
+	((x)->st_atimespec.tv_nsec op (y)->st_atimespec.tv_nsec)
+#define CTIMENSEC_CMP(x, op, y) \
+	((x)->st_ctimespec.tv_nsec op (y)->st_ctimespec.tv_nsec)
+#define MTIMENSEC_CMP(x, op, y) \
+	((x)->st_mtimespec.tv_nsec op (y)->st_mtimespec.tv_nsec)
+#endif
+
+int
+namecmp(const FTSENT *a, const FTSENT *b)
+{
+
+	return (strcmp(a->fts_name, b->fts_name));
+}
+
+int
+revnamecmp(const FTSENT *a, const FTSENT *b)
+{
+
+	return (strcmp(b->fts_name, a->fts_name));
+}
+
+int
+modcmp(const FTSENT *a, const FTSENT *b)
+{
+
+	if (b->fts_statp->st_mtime > a->fts_statp->st_mtime)
+		return (1);
+	else if (b->fts_statp->st_mtime < a->fts_statp->st_mtime)
+		return (-1);
+	else if (MTIMENSEC_CMP(b->fts_statp, >, a->fts_statp))
+		return (1);
+	else if (MTIMENSEC_CMP(b->fts_statp, <, a->fts_statp))
+		return (-1);
+	else
+		return (namecmp(a, b));
+}
+
+int
+revmodcmp(const FTSENT *a, const FTSENT *b)
+{
+
+	if (b->fts_statp->st_mtime > a->fts_statp->st_mtime)
+		return (-1);
+	else if (b->fts_statp->st_mtime < a->fts_statp->st_mtime)
+		return (1);
+	else if (MTIMENSEC_CMP(b->fts_statp, >, a->fts_statp))
+		return (-1);
+	else if (MTIMENSEC_CMP(b->fts_statp, <, a->fts_statp))
+		return (1);
+	else
+		return (revnamecmp(a, b));
+}
+
+int
+acccmp(const FTSENT *a, const FTSENT *b)
+{
+
+	if (b->fts_statp->st_atime > a->fts_statp->st_atime)
+		return (1);
+	else if (b->fts_statp->st_atime < a->fts_statp->st_atime)
+		return (-1);
+	else if (ATIMENSEC_CMP(b->fts_statp, >, a->fts_statp))
+		return (1);
+	else if (ATIMENSEC_CMP(b->fts_statp, <, a->fts_statp))
+		return (-1);
+	else
+		return (namecmp(a, b));
+}
+
+int
+revacccmp(const FTSENT *a, const FTSENT *b)
+{
+
+	if (b->fts_statp->st_atime > a->fts_statp->st_atime)
+		return (-1);
+	else if (b->fts_statp->st_atime < a->fts_statp->st_atime)
+		return (1);
+	else if (ATIMENSEC_CMP(b->fts_statp, >, a->fts_statp))
+		return (-1);
+	else if (ATIMENSEC_CMP(b->fts_statp, <, a->fts_statp))
+		return (1);
+	else
+		return (revnamecmp(a, b));
+}
+
+int
+statcmp(const FTSENT *a, const FTSENT *b)
+{
+
+	if (b->fts_statp->st_ctime > a->fts_statp->st_ctime)
+		return (1);
+	else if (b->fts_statp->st_ctime < a->fts_statp->st_ctime)
+		return (-1);
+	else if (CTIMENSEC_CMP(b->fts_statp, >, a->fts_statp))
+		return (1);
+	else if (CTIMENSEC_CMP(b->fts_statp, <, a->fts_statp))
+		return (-1);
+	else
+		return (namecmp(a, b));
+}
+
+int
+revstatcmp(const FTSENT *a, const FTSENT *b)
+{
+
+	if (b->fts_statp->st_ctime > a->fts_statp->st_ctime)
+		return (-1);
+	else if (b->fts_statp->st_ctime < a->fts_statp->st_ctime)
+		return (1);
+	else if (CTIMENSEC_CMP(b->fts_statp, >, a->fts_statp))
+		return (-1);
+	else if (CTIMENSEC_CMP(b->fts_statp, <, a->fts_statp))
+		return (1);
+	else
+		return (revnamecmp(a, b));
+}
+
+int
+sizecmp(const FTSENT *a, const FTSENT *b)
+{
+
+	if (b->fts_statp->st_size > a->fts_statp->st_size)
+		return (1);
+	if (b->fts_statp->st_size < a->fts_statp->st_size)
+		return (-1);
+	else
+		return (namecmp(a, b));
+}
+
+int
+revsizecmp(const FTSENT *a, const FTSENT *b)
+{
+
+	if (b->fts_statp->st_size > a->fts_statp->st_size)
+		return (-1);
+	if (b->fts_statp->st_size < a->fts_statp->st_size)
+		return (1);
+	else
+		return (revnamecmp(a, b));
+}
diff --git a/bin/ls/extern.h b/bin/ls/extern.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a9eea0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bin/ls/extern.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*	$NetBSD: extern.h,v 1.17 2011/08/29 14:44:21 joerg Exp $	*/
+
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
+ *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+ *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ *    without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ *	@(#)extern.h	8.1 (Berkeley) 5/31/93
+ */
+
+int	 acccmp(const FTSENT *, const FTSENT *);
+int	 revacccmp(const FTSENT *, const FTSENT *);
+int	 modcmp(const FTSENT *, const FTSENT *);
+int	 revmodcmp(const FTSENT *, const FTSENT *);
+int	 namecmp(const FTSENT *, const FTSENT *);
+int	 revnamecmp(const FTSENT *, const FTSENT *);
+int	 statcmp(const FTSENT *, const FTSENT *);
+int	 revstatcmp(const FTSENT *, const FTSENT *);
+int	 sizecmp(const FTSENT *, const FTSENT *);
+int	 revsizecmp(const FTSENT *, const FTSENT *);
+
+int	 ls_main(int, char *[]);
+
+int	 printescaped(const char *);
+void	 printacol(DISPLAY *);
+void	 printcol(DISPLAY *);
+void	 printlong(DISPLAY *);
+void	 printscol(DISPLAY *);
+void	 printstream(DISPLAY *);
+int	 safe_print(const char *);
diff --git a/bin/ls/ls.1 b/bin/ls/ls.1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1bd9161
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bin/ls/ls.1
@@ -0,0 +1,516 @@
+.\"	$NetBSD: ls.1,v 1.80 2017/07/03 21:33:23 wiz Exp $
+.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994
+.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
+.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\"    without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\"     @(#)ls.1	8.7 (Berkeley) 7/29/94
+.\"
+.Dd August 10, 2016
+.Dt LS 1
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm ls
+.Nd list directory contents
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.Nm
+.Op Fl 1AaBbCcdFfghikLlMmnOoPpqRrSsTtuWwXx
+.Op Ar
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+For each
+.Ar file
+operand that names a file of a type other than
+directory,
+.Nm
+displays its name as well as any requested,
+associated information.
+For each
+.Ar file
+operand that names a file of type directory,
+.Nm
+displays the names of files contained
+within that directory, as well as any requested, associated
+information.
+.Pp
+If no operands are given, the contents of the current
+directory are displayed.
+If more than one operand is given,
+non-directory operands are displayed first; directory
+and non-directory operands are sorted separately and in
+lexicographical order.
+.Pp
+The following options are available:
+.Bl -tag -width indent
+.It Fl \&1
+(The numeric digit
+.Dq one ) .
+Force output to be one entry per line.
+This is the default when output is not to a terminal.
+.It Fl A
+List all entries except for
+.Ql \&.
+and
+.Ql \&.. .
+Always set for the super-user.
+.It Fl a
+Include directory entries whose names begin with a
+dot
+.Pq Sq \&. .
+.It Fl B
+Force printing of non-graphic characters in file names as \exxx, where xxx
+is the numeric value of the character in octal.
+.It Fl b
+As
+.Fl B ,
+but use C escape codes whenever possible.
+.It Fl C
+Force multi-column output; this is the default when output is to a terminal.
+.It Fl c
+Use time when file status was last changed,
+instead of time of last modification of the file for printing
+.Pq Fl l
+or sorting
+.Pq Fl t .
+Overrides
+.Fl u .
+.It Fl d
+Directories are listed as plain files (not searched recursively) and
+symbolic links in the argument list are not followed.
+Turns off
+.Fl R
+if also given.
+.It Fl F
+Display a slash
+.Pq Sq \&/
+immediately after each pathname that is a directory,
+an asterisk
+.Pq Sq \&*
+after each that is executable,
+an at sign
+.Pq Sq \&@
+after each symbolic link,
+a percent sign
+.Pq Sq \&%
+after each whiteout,
+an equal sign
+.Pq Sq \&=
+after each socket,
+and a vertical bar
+.Pq Sq \&|
+after each that is a
+.Tn FIFO .
+.It Fl f
+Output is not sorted.
+This option implies
+.Fl a .
+.It Fl g
+The same as
+.Fl l ,
+except that the owner is not printed.
+.It Fl h
+Modifies the
+.Fl l
+and
+.Fl s
+options, causing the sizes to be reported in bytes displayed in a human
+readable format.
+Overrides
+.Fl k
+and
+.Fl M .
+.It Fl i
+For each file, print the file's file serial number (inode number).
+.It Fl k
+Modifies the
+.Fl s
+option, causing the sizes to be reported in kilobytes.
+Overrides
+.Fl h .
+.It Fl L
+For each file, if it's a link, evaluate file information and file type
+of the referenced file and not the link itself; however still print
+the link name, unless used with
+.Fl l ,
+for example.
+.It Fl l
+(The lowercase letter
+.Dq ell ) .
+List in long format.
+(See below.)
+.It Fl M
+Modifies the
+.Fl l
+and
+.Fl s
+options, causing the sizes or block counts reported to be separated with
+commas (or a locale appropriate separator) resulting in a more readable
+output.
+Overrides
+.Fl h ;
+does not override
+.Fl k .
+.It Fl m
+Stream output format; list files across the page, separated by commas.
+.It Fl n
+The same as
+.Fl l ,
+except that
+the owner and group IDs are displayed numerically rather than converting
+to a owner or group name.
+.It Fl O
+Output only leaf files (not directories), eliding other
+.Nm
+output.
+.It Fl o
+Include the file flags in a long
+.Pq Fl l
+output.
+If no file flags are set,
+.Dq -
+is displayed.
+(See
+.Xr chflags 1
+for a list of possible flags and their meanings.)
+.It Fl P
+Print the full pathname for each file.
+.It Fl p
+Display a slash
+.Pq Sq \&/
+immediately after each pathname that is a directory.
+.It Fl q
+Force printing of non-printable characters in file names as
+the character
+.Sq \&? ;
+this is the default when output is to a terminal.
+.It Fl R
+Recursively list subdirectories encountered.
+See also
+.Fl d .
+.It Fl r
+Reverse the order of the sort to get reverse
+lexicographical order or the smallest or oldest entries first.
+.It Fl S
+Sort by size, largest file first.
+.It Fl s
+Display the number of file system blocks actually used by each file, in units
+of 512 bytes or
+.Ev BLOCKSIZE
+(see
+.Sx ENVIRONMENT )
+where partial units are rounded up to the
+next integer value.
+If the output is to a terminal, a total sum for all the file
+sizes is output on a line before the listing.
+.It Fl T
+When used with the
+.Fl l
+(the lowercase letter
+.Dq ell )
+option, display complete time information for the file, including
+month, day, hour, minute, second, and year.
+.It Fl t
+Sort by time modified (most recently modified
+first) before sorting the operands by lexicographical
+order.
+.It Fl u
+Use time of last access,
+instead of last modification
+of the file for printing
+.Pq Fl l
+or sorting
+.Pq Fl t .
+Overrides
+.Fl c .
+.It Fl W
+Display whiteouts when scanning directories.
+.It Fl w
+Force raw printing of non-printable characters.
+This is the default when output is not to a terminal.
+.It Fl x
+Multi-column output sorted across the page rather than down the page.
+.It Fl X
+Don't cross mount points when recursing.
+.El
+.Pp
+The
+.Fl B ,
+.Fl b ,
+.Fl q ,
+and
+.Fl w
+options all override each other; the last one specified determines
+the format used for non-printable characters.
+.Pp
+The
+.Fl 1 ,
+.Fl C ,
+.Fl g ,
+.Fl l ,
+.Fl m ,
+and
+.Fl x
+options all override each other; the last one specified determines
+the format used with the exception that if both
+.Fl l
+and
+.Fl g
+are specified,
+.Fl l
+will always override
+.Fl g ,
+even if
+.Fl g
+was specified last.
+.Pp
+By default,
+.Nm
+lists one entry per line to standard
+output; the exceptions are to terminals or when the
+.Fl C
+or
+.Fl m
+options are specified.
+.Pp
+File information is displayed with one or more
+.Aq blank
+characters separating the information associated with the
+.Fl i ,
+.Fl l ,
+and
+.Fl s
+options.
+.Ss The Long Format
+If the
+.Fl l
+option is given, the following information
+is displayed for each file:
+.Bl -item -offset indent -compact
+.It
+file mode
+.It
+number of links
+.It
+owner name
+.It
+group name
+.It
+file flags (if
+.Fl o
+given)
+.It
+number of bytes in the file
+.It
+abbreviated month file was last modified
+.It
+day-of-month file was last modified
+.It
+hour and minute file was last modified
+.It
+pathname
+.El
+.Pp
+In addition, for each directory whose contents are displayed, the total
+number of file system blocks in units of 512 bytes or
+.Ev BLOCKSIZE
+(see
+.Sx ENVIRONMENT )
+used by the files in the directory is displayed on a line by itself
+immediately before the information for the files in the directory.
+.Pp
+If the owner or group names are not a known owner or group name,
+or the
+.Fl n
+option is given,
+the numeric ID's are displayed.
+.Pp
+If the file is a character special or block special file,
+the major and minor device numbers for the file are displayed
+in the size field.
+If the file is a symbolic link the pathname of the
+linked-to file is preceded by
+.Dq \-> .
+.Pp
+The file mode printed under the
+.Fl l
+option consists of the entry type, owner permissions, group
+permissions, and other permissions.
+The entry type character describes the type of file, as
+follows:
+.Pp
+.Bl -tag -width 4n -offset indent -compact
+.It Sy \-
+Regular file.
+.It Sy a
+Archive state 1.
+.It Sy A
+Archive state 2.
+.It Sy b
+Block special file.
+.It Sy c
+Character special file.
+.It Sy d
+Directory.
+.It Sy l
+Symbolic link.
+.It Sy p
+FIFO.
+.It Sy s
+Socket link.
+.It Sy w
+Whiteout.
+.El
+.Pp
+The next three fields
+are three characters each:
+owner permissions,
+group permissions, and
+other permissions.
+Each field has three character positions:
+.Bl -enum -offset indent
+.It
+If
+.Sy r ,
+the file is readable; if
+.Sy \- ,
+it is not readable.
+.It
+If
+.Sy w ,
+the file is writable; if
+.Sy \- ,
+it is not writable.
+.It
+The first of the following that applies:
+.Bl -tag -width 4n -offset indent
+.It Sy S
+If in the owner permissions, the file is not executable and
+set-user-ID mode is set.
+If in the group permissions, the file is not executable
+and set-group-ID mode is set.
+.It Sy s
+If in the owner permissions, the file is executable
+and set-user-ID mode is set.
+If in the group permissions, the file is executable
+and setgroup-ID mode is set.
+.It Sy x
+The file is executable or the directory is
+searchable.
+.It Sy \-
+The file is neither readable, writable, executable,
+nor set-user-ID nor set-group-ID mode, nor sticky.
+(See below.)
+.El
+.Pp
+These next two apply only to the third character in the last group
+(other permissions).
+.Bl -tag -width 4n -offset indent
+.It Sy T
+The sticky bit is set
+(mode
+.Li 1000 ) ,
+but not execute or search permission.
+(See
+.Xr chmod 1
+or
+.Xr sticky 7 . )
+.It Sy t
+The sticky bit is set (mode
+.Li 1000 ) ,
+and is searchable or executable.
+(See
+.Xr chmod 1
+or
+.Xr sticky 7 . )
+.El
+.El
+.Pp
+The number of bytes displayed for a directory is a function of the
+number of
+.Xr dirent 3
+structures in the directory, not all of which may be allocated to
+any existing file.
+.Sh ENVIRONMENT
+The following environment variables affect the execution of
+.Nm :
+.Bl -tag -width BLOCKSIZE
+.It Ev BLOCKSIZE
+If the environment variable
+.Ev BLOCKSIZE
+is set, and the
+.Fl k
+option is not specified, the block counts
+(see
+.Fl l
+and
+.Fl s )
+will be displayed in units of that size block.
+.It Ev COLUMNS
+If this variable contains a string representing a
+decimal integer, it is used as the
+column position width for displaying
+multiple-text-column output.
+The
+.Nm
+utility calculates how
+many pathname text columns to display
+based on the width provided.
+(See
+.Fl C . )
+.It Ev TZ
+The timezone to use when displaying dates.
+See
+.Xr environ 7
+for more information.
+.El
+.Sh EXIT STATUS
+.Ex -std
+.Sh COMPATIBILITY
+The group field is now automatically included in the long listing for
+files in order to be compatible with the
+.St -p1003.2
+specification.
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr chflags 1 ,
+.Xr chmod 1 ,
+.Xr stat 2 ,
+.Xr dirent 3 ,
+.Xr getbsize 3 ,
+.Xr sticky 7 ,
+.Xr symlink 7
+.Sh STANDARDS
+The
+.Nm
+utility is expected to be a superset of the
+.St -p1003.2
+specification.
+.Sh HISTORY
+An
+.Nm
+utility appeared in
+.At v1 .
diff --git a/bin/ls/ls.c b/bin/ls/ls.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..282207f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bin/ls/ls.c
@@ -0,0 +1,715 @@
+/*	$NetBSD: ls.c,v 1.76 2017/02/06 21:06:04 rin Exp $	*/
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993, 1994
+ *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
+ * Michael Fischbein.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+ *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ *    without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+#ifndef lint
+__COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993, 1994\
+ The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+#ifndef lint
+#if 0
+static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ls.c	8.7 (Berkeley) 8/5/94";
+#else
+__RCSID("$NetBSD: ls.c,v 1.76 2017/02/06 21:06:04 rin Exp $");
+#endif
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <err.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fts.h>
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <termios.h>
+#include <pwd.h>
+#include <grp.h>
+#include <util.h>
+
+#include "ls.h"
+#include "extern.h"
+
+static void	 display(FTSENT *, FTSENT *);
+static int	 mastercmp(const FTSENT **, const FTSENT **);
+static void	 traverse(int, char **, int);
+
+static void (*printfcn)(DISPLAY *);
+static int (*sortfcn)(const FTSENT *, const FTSENT *);
+
+#define	BY_NAME 0
+#define	BY_SIZE 1
+#define	BY_TIME	2
+
+long blocksize;			/* block size units */
+int termwidth = 80;		/* default terminal width */
+int sortkey = BY_NAME;
+int rval = EXIT_SUCCESS;	/* exit value - set if error encountered */
+
+/* flags */
+int f_accesstime;		/* use time of last access */
+int f_column;			/* columnated format */
+int f_columnacross;		/* columnated format, sorted across */
+int f_flags;			/* show flags associated with a file */
+int f_grouponly;		/* long listing without owner */
+int f_humanize;			/* humanize the size field */
+int f_commas;			/* separate size field with comma */
+int f_inode;			/* print inode */
+int f_listdir;			/* list actual directory, not contents */
+int f_listdot;			/* list files beginning with . */
+int f_longform;			/* long listing format */
+int f_nonprint;			/* show unprintables as ? */
+int f_nosort;			/* don't sort output */
+int f_numericonly;		/* don't convert uid/gid to name */
+int f_octal;			/* print octal escapes for nongraphic characters */
+int f_octal_escape;		/* like f_octal but use C escapes if possible */
+int f_recursive;		/* ls subdirectories also */
+int f_reversesort;		/* reverse whatever sort is used */
+int f_sectime;			/* print the real time for all files */
+int f_singlecol;		/* use single column output */
+int f_size;			/* list size in short listing */
+int f_statustime;		/* use time of last mode change */
+int f_stream;			/* stream format */
+int f_type;			/* add type character for non-regular files */
+int f_typedir;			/* add type character for directories */
+int f_whiteout;			/* show whiteout entries */
+int f_fullpath;			/* print full pathname, not filename */
+int f_leafonly;			/* when recursing, print leaf names only */
+
+__dead static void
+usage(void)
+{
+
+	(void)fprintf(stderr,
+	    "usage: %s [-1AaBbCcdFfghikLlMmnOoPpqRrSsTtuWwXx] [file ...]\n",
+	    getprogname());
+	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	/* NOTREACHED */
+}
+
+int
+ls_main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	static char dot[] = ".", *dotav[] = { dot, NULL };
+	struct winsize win;
+	int ch, fts_options;
+	int kflag = 0;
+	const char *p;
+
+	setprogname(argv[0]);
+	(void)setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
+
+	/* Terminal defaults to -Cq, non-terminal defaults to -1. */
+	if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO)) {
+		if (ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &win) == 0 &&
+		    win.ws_col > 0)
+			termwidth = win.ws_col;
+		f_column = f_nonprint = 1;
+	} else
+		f_singlecol = 1;
+
+	/* Root is -A automatically. */
+	if (!getuid())
+		f_listdot = 1;
+
+	fts_options = FTS_PHYSICAL;
+	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "1AaBbCcdFfghikLlMmnOoPpqRrSsTtuWwXx"))
+	    != -1) {
+		switch (ch) {
+		/*
+		 * The -1, -C, -l, -m and -x options all override each other so
+		 * shell aliasing works correctly.
+		 */
+		case '1':
+			f_singlecol = 1;
+			f_column = f_columnacross = f_longform = f_stream = 0;
+			break;
+		case 'C':
+			f_column = 1;
+			f_columnacross = f_longform = f_singlecol = f_stream =
+			    0;
+			break;
+		case 'g':
+			if (f_grouponly != -1)
+				f_grouponly = 1;
+			f_longform = 1;
+			f_column = f_columnacross = f_singlecol = f_stream = 0;
+			break;
+		case 'l':
+			f_longform = 1;
+			f_column = f_columnacross = f_singlecol = f_stream = 0;
+			/* Never let -g take precedence over -l. */
+			f_grouponly = -1;
+			break;
+		case 'm':
+			f_stream = 1;
+			f_column = f_columnacross = f_longform = f_singlecol =
+			    0;
+			break;
+		case 'x':
+			f_columnacross = 1;
+			f_column = f_longform = f_singlecol = f_stream = 0;
+			break;
+		/* The -c and -u options override each other. */
+		case 'c':
+			f_statustime = 1;
+			f_accesstime = 0;
+			break;
+		case 'u':
+			f_accesstime = 1;
+			f_statustime = 0;
+			break;
+		case 'F':
+			f_type = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'L':
+			fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL;
+			fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL;
+			break;
+		case 'R':
+			f_recursive = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'f':
+			f_nosort = 1;
+			/* FALLTHROUGH */
+		case 'a':
+			fts_options |= FTS_SEEDOT;
+			/* FALLTHROUGH */
+		case 'A':
+			f_listdot = 1;
+			break;
+		/* The -B option turns off the -b, -q and -w options. */
+		case 'B':
+			f_nonprint = 0;
+			f_octal = 1;
+			f_octal_escape = 0;
+			break;
+		/* The -b option turns off the -B, -q and -w options. */
+		case 'b':
+			f_nonprint = 0;
+			f_octal = 0;
+			f_octal_escape = 1;
+			break;
+		/* The -d option turns off the -R option. */
+		case 'd':
+			f_listdir = 1;
+			f_recursive = 0;
+			break;
+		case 'i':
+			f_inode = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'k':
+			blocksize = 1024;
+			kflag = 1;
+			f_humanize = 0;
+			break;
+		/* The -h option forces all sizes to be measured in bytes. */
+		case 'h':
+			f_humanize = 1;
+			kflag = 0;
+			f_commas = 0;
+			break;
+		case 'M':
+			f_humanize = 0;
+			f_commas = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'n':
+			f_numericonly = 1;
+			f_longform = 1;
+			f_column = f_columnacross = f_singlecol = f_stream = 0;
+			break;
+		case 'O':
+			f_leafonly = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'o':
+			f_flags = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'P':
+			f_fullpath = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'p':
+			f_typedir = 1;
+			break;
+		/* The -q option turns off the -B, -b and -w options. */
+		case 'q':
+			f_nonprint = 1;
+			f_octal = 0;
+			f_octal_escape = 0;
+			break;
+		case 'r':
+			f_reversesort = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'S':
+			sortkey = BY_SIZE;
+			break;
+		case 's':
+			f_size = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'T':
+			f_sectime = 1;
+			break;
+		case 't':
+			sortkey = BY_TIME;
+			break;
+		case 'W':
+			f_whiteout = 1;
+			break;
+		/* The -w option turns off the -B, -b and -q options. */
+		case 'w':
+			f_nonprint = 0;
+			f_octal = 0;
+			f_octal_escape = 0;
+			break;
+		case 'X':
+			fts_options |= FTS_XDEV;
+			break;
+		default:
+		case '?':
+			usage();
+		}
+	}
+	argc -= optind;
+	argv += optind;
+
+	if (f_column || f_columnacross || f_stream) {
+		if ((p = getenv("COLUMNS")) != NULL)
+			termwidth = atoi(p);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If both -g and -l options, let -l take precedence.
+	 */
+	if (f_grouponly == -1)
+		f_grouponly = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * If not -F, -i, -l, -p, -S, -s or -t options, don't require stat
+	 * information.
+	 */
+	if (!f_inode && !f_longform && !f_size && !f_type && !f_typedir &&
+	    sortkey == BY_NAME)
+		fts_options |= FTS_NOSTAT;
+
+	/*
+	 * If not -F, -d or -l options, follow any symbolic links listed on
+	 * the command line.
+	 */
+	if (!f_longform && !f_listdir && !f_type)
+		fts_options |= FTS_COMFOLLOW;
+
+	/*
+	 * If -W, show whiteout entries
+	 */
+#ifdef FTS_WHITEOUT
+	if (f_whiteout)
+		fts_options |= FTS_WHITEOUT;
+#endif
+
+	/* If -i, -l, or -s, figure out block size. */
+	if (f_inode || f_longform || f_size) {
+		if (!kflag)
+			(void)getbsize(NULL, &blocksize);
+		blocksize /= 512;
+	}
+
+	/* Select a sort function. */
+	if (f_reversesort) {
+		switch (sortkey) {
+		case BY_NAME:
+			sortfcn = revnamecmp;
+			break;
+		case BY_SIZE:
+			sortfcn = revsizecmp;
+			break;
+		case BY_TIME:
+			if (f_accesstime)
+				sortfcn = revacccmp;
+			else if (f_statustime)
+				sortfcn = revstatcmp;
+			else /* Use modification time. */
+				sortfcn = revmodcmp;
+			break;
+		}
+	} else {
+		switch (sortkey) {
+		case BY_NAME:
+			sortfcn = namecmp;
+			break;
+		case BY_SIZE:
+			sortfcn = sizecmp;
+			break;
+		case BY_TIME:
+			if (f_accesstime)
+				sortfcn = acccmp;
+			else if (f_statustime)
+				sortfcn = statcmp;
+			else /* Use modification time. */
+				sortfcn = modcmp;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Select a print function. */
+	if (f_singlecol)
+		printfcn = printscol;
+	else if (f_columnacross)
+		printfcn = printacol;
+	else if (f_longform)
+		printfcn = printlong;
+	else if (f_stream)
+		printfcn = printstream;
+	else
+		printfcn = printcol;
+
+	if (argc)
+		traverse(argc, argv, fts_options);
+	else
+		traverse(1, dotav, fts_options);
+	return rval;
+	/* NOTREACHED */
+}
+
+static int output;			/* If anything output. */
+
+/*
+ * Traverse() walks the logical directory structure specified by the argv list
+ * in the order specified by the mastercmp() comparison function.  During the
+ * traversal it passes linked lists of structures to display() which represent
+ * a superset (may be exact set) of the files to be displayed.
+ */
+static void
+traverse(int argc, char *argv[], int options)
+{
+	FTS *ftsp;
+	FTSENT *p, *chp;
+	int ch_options, error;
+
+	if ((ftsp =
+	    fts_open(argv, options, f_nosort ? NULL : mastercmp)) == NULL)
+		err(EXIT_FAILURE, NULL);
+
+	display(NULL, fts_children(ftsp, 0));
+	if (f_listdir) {
+		(void)fts_close(ftsp);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If not recursing down this tree and don't need stat info, just get
+	 * the names.
+	 */
+	ch_options = !f_recursive && options & FTS_NOSTAT ? FTS_NAMEONLY : 0;
+
+	while ((p = fts_read(ftsp)) != NULL)
+		switch (p->fts_info) {
+		case FTS_DC:
+			warnx("%s: directory causes a cycle", p->fts_name);
+			break;
+		case FTS_DNR:
+		case FTS_ERR:
+			warnx("%s: %s", p->fts_name, strerror(p->fts_errno));
+			rval = EXIT_FAILURE;
+			break;
+		case FTS_D:
+			if (p->fts_level != FTS_ROOTLEVEL &&
+			    p->fts_name[0] == '.' && !f_listdot)
+				break;
+
+			/*
+			 * If already output something, put out a newline as
+			 * a separator.  If multiple arguments, precede each
+			 * directory with its name.
+			 */
+			if (!f_leafonly) {
+				if (output)
+					(void)printf("\n%s:\n", p->fts_path);
+				else if (argc > 1) {
+					(void)printf("%s:\n", p->fts_path);
+					output = 1;
+				}
+			}
+
+			chp = fts_children(ftsp, ch_options);
+			display(p, chp);
+
+			if (!f_recursive && chp != NULL)
+				(void)fts_set(ftsp, p, FTS_SKIP);
+			break;
+		}
+	error = errno;
+	(void)fts_close(ftsp);
+	errno = error;
+	if (errno)
+		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "fts_read");
+}
+
+/*
+ * Display() takes a linked list of FTSENT structures and passes the list
+ * along with any other necessary information to the print function.  P
+ * points to the parent directory of the display list.
+ */
+static void
+display(FTSENT *p, FTSENT *list)
+{
+	struct stat *sp;
+	DISPLAY d;
+	FTSENT *cur;
+	NAMES *np;
+	u_int64_t btotal, stotal;
+	off_t maxsize;
+	blkcnt_t maxblock;
+	ino_t maxinode;
+	int maxmajor, maxminor;
+	uint32_t maxnlink;
+	int bcfile, entries, flen, glen, ulen, maxflags, maxgroup;
+	unsigned int maxlen;
+	int maxuser, needstats;
+	const char *user, *group;
+	char buf[21];		/* 64 bits == 20 digits, +1 for NUL */
+	char nuser[12], ngroup[12];
+	char *flags = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * If list is NULL there are two possibilities: that the parent
+	 * directory p has no children, or that fts_children() returned an
+	 * error.  We ignore the error case since it will be replicated
+	 * on the next call to fts_read() on the post-order visit to the
+	 * directory p, and will be signalled in traverse().
+	 */
+	if (list == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	needstats = f_inode || f_longform || f_size;
+	flen = 0;
+	maxinode = maxnlink = 0;
+	bcfile = 0;
+	maxuser = maxgroup = maxflags = maxlen = 0;
+	btotal = stotal = maxblock = maxsize = 0;
+	maxmajor = maxminor = 0;
+	for (cur = list, entries = 0; cur; cur = cur->fts_link) {
+		if (cur->fts_info == FTS_ERR || cur->fts_info == FTS_NS) {
+			warnx("%s: %s",
+			    cur->fts_name, strerror(cur->fts_errno));
+			cur->fts_number = NO_PRINT;
+			rval = EXIT_FAILURE;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * P is NULL if list is the argv list, to which different rules
+		 * apply.
+		 */
+		if (p == NULL) {
+			/* Directories will be displayed later. */
+			if (cur->fts_info == FTS_D && !f_listdir) {
+				cur->fts_number = NO_PRINT;
+				continue;
+			}
+		} else {
+			/* Only display dot file if -a/-A set. */
+			if (cur->fts_name[0] == '.' && !f_listdot) {
+				cur->fts_number = NO_PRINT;
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+		if (cur->fts_namelen > maxlen)
+			maxlen = cur->fts_namelen;
+		if (needstats) {
+			sp = cur->fts_statp;
+			if (sp->st_blocks > maxblock)
+				maxblock = sp->st_blocks;
+			if (sp->st_ino > maxinode)
+				maxinode = sp->st_ino;
+			if (sp->st_nlink > maxnlink)
+				maxnlink = sp->st_nlink;
+			if (sp->st_size > maxsize)
+				maxsize = sp->st_size;
+			if (S_ISCHR(sp->st_mode) || S_ISBLK(sp->st_mode)) {
+				bcfile = 1;
+				if (major(sp->st_rdev) > maxmajor)
+					maxmajor = major(sp->st_rdev);
+				if (minor(sp->st_rdev) > maxminor)
+					maxminor = minor(sp->st_rdev);
+			}
+
+			btotal += sp->st_blocks;
+			stotal += sp->st_size;
+			if (f_longform) {
+				if (f_numericonly ||
+				    (user = user_from_uid(sp->st_uid, 0)) ==
+				    NULL) {
+					(void)snprintf(nuser, sizeof(nuser),
+					    "%u", sp->st_uid);
+					user = nuser;
+				}
+				if (f_numericonly ||
+				    (group = group_from_gid(sp->st_gid, 0)) ==
+				    NULL) {
+					(void)snprintf(ngroup, sizeof(ngroup),
+					    "%u", sp->st_gid);
+					group = ngroup;
+				}
+				if ((ulen = strlen(user)) > maxuser)
+					maxuser = ulen;
+				if ((glen = strlen(group)) > maxgroup)
+					maxgroup = glen;
+				if (f_flags) {
+					flags =
+					    flags_to_string((u_long)sp->st_flags, "-");
+					if ((flen = strlen(flags)) > maxflags)
+						maxflags = flen;
+				} else
+					flen = 0;
+
+				if ((np = malloc(sizeof(NAMES) +
+				    ulen + glen + flen + 2)) == NULL)
+					err(EXIT_FAILURE, NULL);
+
+				np->user = &np->data[0];
+				(void)strcpy(np->user, user);
+				np->group = &np->data[ulen + 1];
+				(void)strcpy(np->group, group);
+
+				if (f_flags) {
+					np->flags = &np->data[ulen + glen + 2];
+				  	(void)strcpy(np->flags, flags);
+					free(flags);
+				}
+				cur->fts_pointer = np;
+			}
+		}
+		++entries;
+	}
+
+	if (!entries)
+		return;
+
+	d.list = list;
+	d.entries = entries;
+	d.maxlen = maxlen;
+	if (needstats) {
+		d.btotal = btotal;
+		d.stotal = stotal;
+		if (f_humanize) {
+			d.s_block = 4; /* min buf length for humanize_number */
+		} else {
+			(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld",
+			    (long long)howmany(maxblock, blocksize));
+			d.s_block = strlen(buf);
+			if (f_commas) /* allow for commas before every third digit */
+				d.s_block += (d.s_block - 1) / 3;
+		}
+		d.s_flags = maxflags;
+		d.s_group = maxgroup;
+		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%llu",
+		    (unsigned long long)maxinode);
+		d.s_inode = strlen(buf);
+		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", maxnlink);
+		d.s_nlink = strlen(buf);
+		if (f_humanize) {
+			d.s_size = 4; /* min buf length for humanize_number */
+		} else {
+			(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld",
+			    (long long)maxsize);
+			d.s_size = strlen(buf);
+			if (f_commas) /* allow for commas before every third digit */
+				d.s_size += (d.s_size - 1) / 3;
+		}
+		d.s_user = maxuser;
+		if (bcfile) {
+			(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", maxmajor);
+			d.s_major = strlen(buf);
+			(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", maxminor);
+			d.s_minor = strlen(buf);
+			if (d.s_major + d.s_minor + 2 > d.s_size)
+				d.s_size = d.s_major + d.s_minor + 2;
+			else if (d.s_size - d.s_minor - 2 > d.s_major)
+				d.s_major = d.s_size - d.s_minor - 2;
+		} else {
+			d.s_major = 0;
+			d.s_minor = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	printfcn(&d);
+	output = 1;
+
+	if (f_longform)
+		for (cur = list; cur; cur = cur->fts_link)
+			free(cur->fts_pointer);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Ordering for mastercmp:
+ * If ordering the argv (fts_level = FTS_ROOTLEVEL) return non-directories
+ * as larger than directories.  Within either group, use the sort function.
+ * All other levels use the sort function.  Error entries remain unsorted.
+ */
+static int
+mastercmp(const FTSENT **a, const FTSENT **b)
+{
+	int a_info, b_info;
+
+	a_info = (*a)->fts_info;
+	if (a_info == FTS_ERR)
+		return (0);
+	b_info = (*b)->fts_info;
+	if (b_info == FTS_ERR)
+		return (0);
+
+	if (a_info == FTS_NS || b_info == FTS_NS) {
+		if (b_info != FTS_NS)
+			return (1);
+		else if (a_info != FTS_NS)
+			return (-1);
+		else
+			return (namecmp(*a, *b));
+	}
+
+	if (a_info != b_info && !f_listdir &&
+	    (*a)->fts_level == FTS_ROOTLEVEL) {
+		if (a_info == FTS_D)
+			return (1);
+		else if (b_info == FTS_D)
+			return (-1);
+	}
+	return (sortfcn(*a, *b));
+}
diff --git a/bin/ls/ls.h b/bin/ls/ls.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d9b6505
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bin/ls/ls.h
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*	$NetBSD: ls.h,v 1.19 2014/02/20 18:56:36 christos Exp $	*/
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
+ *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
+ * Michael Fischbein.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+ *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ *    without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ *	@(#)ls.h	8.1 (Berkeley) 5/31/93
+ */
+
+#define NO_PRINT	1
+
+extern long blocksize;		/* block size units */
+
+extern int f_accesstime;	/* use time of last access */
+extern int f_flags;		/* show flags associated with a file */
+extern int f_grouponly;		/* long listing without owner */
+extern int f_humanize;		/* humanize size field */
+extern int f_commas;        /* separate size field with commas */
+extern int f_inode;		/* print inode */
+extern int f_longform;		/* long listing format */
+extern int f_octal;		/* print octal escapes for nongraphic characters */
+extern int f_octal_escape;	/* like f_octal but use C escapes if possible */
+extern int f_sectime;		/* print the real time for all files */
+extern int f_size;		/* list size in short listing */
+extern int f_statustime;	/* use time of last mode change */
+extern int f_type;		/* add type character for non-regular files */
+extern int f_typedir;		/* add type character for directories */
+extern int f_nonprint;		/* show unprintables as ? */
+extern int f_fullpath;		/* print full pathname, not filename */
+extern int f_leafonly;		/* when recursing, print leaf names only */
+
+typedef struct {
+	FTSENT *list;
+	u_int64_t btotal;
+	u_int64_t stotal;
+	int entries;
+	unsigned int maxlen;
+	int s_block;
+	int s_flags;
+	int s_group;
+	int s_inode;
+	int s_nlink;
+	int s_size;
+	int s_user;
+	int s_major;
+	int s_minor;
+} DISPLAY;
+
+typedef struct {
+	char *user;
+	char *group;
+	char *flags;
+	char data[1];
+} NAMES;
diff --git a/bin/ls/main.c b/bin/ls/main.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c1316aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bin/ls/main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*	$NetBSD: main.c,v 1.5 2016/09/05 01:00:07 sevan Exp $	*/
+
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 1999 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
+ * by Luke Mewburn.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+ * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+ * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
+ * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+ * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+ * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+ * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+ * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+ * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+
+#ifndef lint
+__RCSID("$NetBSD: main.c,v 1.5 2016/09/05 01:00:07 sevan Exp $");
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <fts.h>
+
+#include "ls.h"
+#include "extern.h"
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+
+	return ls_main(argc, argv);
+	/* NOTREACHED */
+}
diff --git a/bin/ls/print.c b/bin/ls/print.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3aecd8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bin/ls/print.c
@@ -0,0 +1,497 @@
+/*	$NetBSD: print.c,v 1.55 2014/05/10 09:39:18 martin Exp $	*/
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993, 1994
+ *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
+ * Michael Fischbein.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+ *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ *    without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+#ifndef lint
+#if 0
+static char sccsid[] = "@(#)print.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 7/28/94";
+#else
+__RCSID("$NetBSD: print.c,v 1.55 2014/05/10 09:39:18 martin Exp $");
+#endif
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+
+#include <err.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <fts.h>
+#include <grp.h>
+#include <pwd.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <tzfile.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <util.h>
+
+#include "ls.h"
+#include "extern.h"
+
+extern int termwidth;
+
+static int	printaname(FTSENT *, int, int);
+static void	printlink(FTSENT *);
+static void	printtime(time_t);
+static void	printtotal(DISPLAY *dp);
+static int	printtype(u_int);
+
+static time_t	now;
+
+#define	IS_NOPRINT(p)	((p)->fts_number == NO_PRINT)
+
+static int
+safe_printpath(const FTSENT *p) {
+	int chcnt;
+
+	if (f_fullpath) {
+		chcnt = safe_print(p->fts_path);
+		chcnt += safe_print("/");
+	} else
+		chcnt = 0;
+	return chcnt + safe_print(p->fts_name);
+}
+
+static int
+printescapedpath(const FTSENT *p) {
+	int chcnt;
+
+	if (f_fullpath) {
+		chcnt = printescaped(p->fts_path);
+		chcnt += printescaped("/");
+	} else
+		chcnt = 0;
+
+	return chcnt + printescaped(p->fts_name);
+}
+
+static int
+printpath(const FTSENT *p) {
+	if (f_fullpath)
+		return printf("%s/%s", p->fts_path, p->fts_name);
+	else
+		return printf("%s", p->fts_name);
+}
+
+void
+printscol(DISPLAY *dp)
+{
+	FTSENT *p;
+
+	for (p = dp->list; p; p = p->fts_link) {
+		if (IS_NOPRINT(p))
+			continue;
+		(void)printaname(p, dp->s_inode, dp->s_block);
+		(void)putchar('\n');
+	}
+}
+
+void
+printlong(DISPLAY *dp)
+{
+	struct stat *sp;
+	FTSENT *p;
+	NAMES *np;
+	char buf[20], szbuf[5];
+
+	now = time(NULL);
+
+	if (!f_leafonly)
+		printtotal(dp);		/* "total: %u\n" */
+	
+	for (p = dp->list; p; p = p->fts_link) {
+		if (IS_NOPRINT(p))
+			continue;
+		sp = p->fts_statp;
+		if (f_inode)
+			(void)printf("%*"PRIu64" ", dp->s_inode, sp->st_ino);
+		if (f_size) {
+			if (f_humanize) {
+				if ((humanize_number(szbuf, sizeof(szbuf),
+				    sp->st_blocks * S_BLKSIZE,
+				    "", HN_AUTOSCALE,
+				    (HN_DECIMAL | HN_B | HN_NOSPACE))) == -1)
+					err(1, "humanize_number");
+				(void)printf("%*s ", dp->s_block, szbuf);
+			} else {
+				(void)printf(f_commas ? "%'*llu " : "%*llu ",
+				    dp->s_block,
+				    (unsigned long long)howmany(sp->st_blocks,
+				    blocksize));
+			}
+		}
+		(void)strmode(sp->st_mode, buf);
+		np = p->fts_pointer;
+		(void)printf("%s %*lu ", buf, dp->s_nlink,
+		    (unsigned long)sp->st_nlink);
+		if (!f_grouponly)
+			(void)printf("%-*s  ", dp->s_user, np->user);
+		(void)printf("%-*s  ", dp->s_group, np->group);
+		if (f_flags)
+			(void)printf("%-*s ", dp->s_flags, np->flags);
+		if (S_ISCHR(sp->st_mode) || S_ISBLK(sp->st_mode))
+			(void)printf("%*lld, %*lld ",
+			    dp->s_major, (long long)major(sp->st_rdev),
+			    dp->s_minor, (long long)minor(sp->st_rdev));
+		else
+			if (f_humanize) {
+				if ((humanize_number(szbuf, sizeof(szbuf),
+				    sp->st_size, "", HN_AUTOSCALE,
+				    (HN_DECIMAL | HN_B | HN_NOSPACE))) == -1)
+					err(1, "humanize_number");
+				(void)printf("%*s ", dp->s_size, szbuf);
+			} else {
+				(void)printf(f_commas ? "%'*llu " : "%*llu ", 
+				    dp->s_size, (unsigned long long)
+				    sp->st_size);
+			}
+		if (f_accesstime)
+			printtime(sp->st_atime);
+		else if (f_statustime)
+			printtime(sp->st_ctime);
+		else
+			printtime(sp->st_mtime);
+		if (f_octal || f_octal_escape)
+			(void)safe_printpath(p);
+		else if (f_nonprint)
+			(void)printescapedpath(p);
+		else
+			(void)printpath(p);
+
+		if (f_type || (f_typedir && S_ISDIR(sp->st_mode)))
+			(void)printtype(sp->st_mode);
+		if (S_ISLNK(sp->st_mode))
+			printlink(p);
+		(void)putchar('\n');
+	}
+}
+
+void
+printcol(DISPLAY *dp)
+{
+	static FTSENT **array;
+	static int lastentries = -1;
+	FTSENT *p;
+	int base, chcnt, col, colwidth, num;
+	int numcols, numrows, row;
+
+	colwidth = dp->maxlen;
+	if (f_inode)
+		colwidth += dp->s_inode + 1;
+	if (f_size) {
+		if (f_humanize)
+			colwidth += dp->s_size + 1;
+		else
+			colwidth += dp->s_block + 1;
+	}
+	if (f_type || f_typedir)
+		colwidth += 1;
+
+	colwidth += 1;
+
+	if (termwidth < 2 * colwidth) {
+		printscol(dp);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Have to do random access in the linked list -- build a table
+	 * of pointers.
+	 */
+	if (dp->entries > lastentries) {
+		FTSENT **newarray;
+
+		newarray = realloc(array, dp->entries * sizeof(FTSENT *));
+		if (newarray == NULL) {
+			warn(NULL);
+			printscol(dp);
+			return;
+		}
+		lastentries = dp->entries;
+		array = newarray;
+	}
+	for (p = dp->list, num = 0; p; p = p->fts_link)
+		if (p->fts_number != NO_PRINT)
+			array[num++] = p;
+
+	numcols = termwidth / colwidth;
+	colwidth = termwidth / numcols;		/* spread out if possible */
+	numrows = num / numcols;
+	if (num % numcols)
+		++numrows;
+
+	printtotal(dp);				/* "total: %u\n" */
+
+	for (row = 0; row < numrows; ++row) {
+		for (base = row, chcnt = col = 0; col < numcols; ++col) {
+			chcnt = printaname(array[base], dp->s_inode,
+			    f_humanize ? dp->s_size : dp->s_block);
+			if ((base += numrows) >= num)
+				break;
+			while (chcnt++ < colwidth)
+				(void)putchar(' ');
+		}
+		(void)putchar('\n');
+	}
+}
+
+void
+printacol(DISPLAY *dp)
+{
+	FTSENT *p;
+	int chcnt, col, colwidth;
+	int numcols;
+
+	colwidth = dp->maxlen;
+	if (f_inode)
+		colwidth += dp->s_inode + 1;
+	if (f_size) {
+		if (f_humanize)
+			colwidth += dp->s_size + 1;
+		else
+			colwidth += dp->s_block + 1;
+	}
+	if (f_type || f_typedir)
+		colwidth += 1;
+
+	colwidth += 1;
+
+	if (termwidth < 2 * colwidth) {
+		printscol(dp);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	numcols = termwidth / colwidth;
+	colwidth = termwidth / numcols;		/* spread out if possible */
+
+	printtotal(dp);				/* "total: %u\n" */
+
+	chcnt = col = 0;
+	for (p = dp->list; p; p = p->fts_link) {
+		if (IS_NOPRINT(p))
+			continue;
+		if (col >= numcols) {
+			chcnt = col = 0;
+			(void)putchar('\n');
+		}
+		chcnt = printaname(p, dp->s_inode,
+		    f_humanize ? dp->s_size : dp->s_block);
+		while (chcnt++ < colwidth)
+			(void)putchar(' ');
+		col++;
+	}
+	(void)putchar('\n');
+}
+
+void
+printstream(DISPLAY *dp)
+{
+	FTSENT *p;
+	int col;
+	int extwidth;
+
+	extwidth = 0;
+	if (f_inode)
+		extwidth += dp->s_inode + 1;
+	if (f_size) {
+		if (f_humanize)
+			extwidth += dp->s_size + 1;
+		else 
+			extwidth += dp->s_block + 1;
+	}
+	if (f_type)
+		extwidth += 1;
+
+	for (col = 0, p = dp->list; p != NULL; p = p->fts_link) {
+		if (IS_NOPRINT(p))
+			continue;
+		if (col > 0) {
+			(void)putchar(','), col++;
+			if (col + 1 + extwidth + (int)p->fts_namelen >= termwidth)
+				(void)putchar('\n'), col = 0;
+			else
+				(void)putchar(' '), col++;
+		}
+		col += printaname(p, dp->s_inode,
+		    f_humanize ? dp->s_size : dp->s_block);
+	}
+	(void)putchar('\n');
+}
+
+/*
+ * print [inode] [size] name
+ * return # of characters printed, no trailing characters.
+ */
+static int
+printaname(FTSENT *p, int inodefield, int sizefield)
+{
+	struct stat *sp;
+	int chcnt;
+	char szbuf[5];
+
+	sp = p->fts_statp;
+	chcnt = 0;
+	if (f_inode)
+		chcnt += printf("%*"PRIu64" ", inodefield, sp->st_ino);
+	if (f_size) {
+		if (f_humanize) {
+			if ((humanize_number(szbuf, sizeof(szbuf), sp->st_size,
+			    "", HN_AUTOSCALE,
+			    (HN_DECIMAL | HN_B | HN_NOSPACE))) == -1)
+				err(1, "humanize_number");
+			chcnt += printf("%*s ", sizefield, szbuf);
+		} else {
+			chcnt += printf(f_commas ? "%'*llu " : "%*llu ",
+			    sizefield, (unsigned long long)
+			    howmany(sp->st_blocks, blocksize));
+		}
+	}
+	if (f_octal || f_octal_escape)
+		chcnt += safe_printpath(p);
+	else if (f_nonprint)
+		chcnt += printescapedpath(p);
+	else
+		chcnt += printpath(p);
+	if (f_type || (f_typedir && S_ISDIR(sp->st_mode)))
+		chcnt += printtype(sp->st_mode);
+	return (chcnt);
+}
+
+static void
+printtime(time_t ftime)
+{
+	int i;
+	const char *longstring;
+
+	if ((longstring = ctime(&ftime)) == NULL) {
+			   /* 012345678901234567890123 */
+		longstring = "????????????????????????";
+	}
+	for (i = 4; i < 11; ++i)
+		(void)putchar(longstring[i]);
+
+#define	SIXMONTHS	((DAYSPERNYEAR / 2) * SECSPERDAY)
+	if (f_sectime)
+		for (i = 11; i < 24; i++)
+			(void)putchar(longstring[i]);
+	else if (ftime + SIXMONTHS > now && ftime - SIXMONTHS < now)
+		for (i = 11; i < 16; ++i)
+			(void)putchar(longstring[i]);
+	else {
+		(void)putchar(' ');
+		for (i = 20; i < 24; ++i)
+			(void)putchar(longstring[i]);
+	}
+	(void)putchar(' ');
+}
+
+/*
+ * Display total used disk space in the form "total: %u\n".
+ * Note: POSIX (IEEE Std 1003.1-2001) says this should be always in 512 blocks,
+ * but we humanise it with -h, or separate it with commas with -M, and use 1024
+ * with -k.
+ */
+static void
+printtotal(DISPLAY *dp)
+{
+	char szbuf[5];
+	
+	if (dp->list->fts_level != FTS_ROOTLEVEL && (f_longform || f_size)) {
+		if (f_humanize) {
+			if ((humanize_number(szbuf, sizeof(szbuf), (int64_t)dp->stotal,
+			    "", HN_AUTOSCALE,
+			    (HN_DECIMAL | HN_B | HN_NOSPACE))) == -1)
+				err(1, "humanize_number");
+			(void)printf("total %s\n", szbuf);
+		} else {
+			(void)printf(f_commas ? "total %'llu\n" :
+			    "total %llu\n", (unsigned long long)
+			    howmany(dp->btotal, blocksize));
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static int
+printtype(u_int mode)
+{
+	switch (mode & S_IFMT) {
+	case S_IFDIR:
+		(void)putchar('/');
+		return (1);
+	case S_IFIFO:
+		(void)putchar('|');
+		return (1);
+	case S_IFLNK:
+		(void)putchar('@');
+		return (1);
+	case S_IFSOCK:
+		(void)putchar('=');
+		return (1);
+	case S_IFWHT:
+		(void)putchar('%');
+		return (1);
+	}
+	if (mode & (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH)) {
+		(void)putchar('*');
+		return (1);
+	}
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static void
+printlink(FTSENT *p)
+{
+	int lnklen;
+	char name[MAXPATHLEN + 1], path[MAXPATHLEN + 1];
+
+	if (p->fts_level == FTS_ROOTLEVEL)
+		(void)snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s", p->fts_name);
+	else
+		(void)snprintf(name, sizeof(name),
+		    "%s/%s", p->fts_parent->fts_accpath, p->fts_name);
+	if ((lnklen = readlink(name, path, sizeof(path) - 1)) == -1) {
+		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\nls: %s: %s\n", name, strerror(errno));
+		return;
+	}
+	path[lnklen] = '\0';
+	(void)printf(" -> ");
+	if (f_octal || f_octal_escape)
+		(void)safe_print(path);
+	else if (f_nonprint)
+		(void)printescaped(path);
+	else
+		(void)printf("%s", path);
+}
diff --git a/bin/ls/util.c b/bin/ls/util.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..61b0fda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bin/ls/util.c
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+/*	$NetBSD: util.c,v 1.34 2011/08/29 14:44:21 joerg Exp $	*/
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993, 1994
+ *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
+ * Michael Fischbein.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+ *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ *    without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+#ifndef lint
+#if 0
+static char sccsid[] = "@(#)util.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 4/28/95";
+#else
+__RCSID("$NetBSD: util.c,v 1.34 2011/08/29 14:44:21 joerg Exp $");
+#endif
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+
+#include <err.h>
+#include <fts.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <vis.h>
+#include <wchar.h>
+#include <wctype.h>
+
+#include "ls.h"
+#include "extern.h"
+
+int
+safe_print(const char *src)
+{
+	size_t len;
+	char *name;
+	int flags;
+
+	flags = VIS_NL | VIS_OCTAL | VIS_WHITE;
+	if (f_octal_escape)
+		flags |= VIS_CSTYLE;
+
+	len = strlen(src);
+	if (len != 0 && SIZE_T_MAX/len <= 4) {
+		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: name too long", src);
+		/* NOTREACHED */
+	}
+
+	name = (char *)malloc(4*len+1);
+	if (name != NULL) {
+		len = strvis(name, src, flags);
+		(void)printf("%s", name);
+		free(name);
+		return len;
+	} else
+		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "out of memory!");
+		/* NOTREACHED */
+}
+
+/*
+ * The reasons why we don't use putwchar(wc) here are:
+ * - If wc == L'\0', we need to restore the initial shift state, but
+ *   the C language standard doesn't say that putwchar(L'\0') does.
+ * - It isn't portable to mix a wide-oriented function (i.e. getwchar)
+ *   with byte-oriented functions (printf et al.) in same FILE.
+ */
+static int
+printwc(wchar_t wc, mbstate_t *pst)
+{
+	size_t size;
+	char buf[MB_LEN_MAX];
+
+	size = wcrtomb(buf, wc, pst);
+	if (size == (size_t)-1) /* This shouldn't happen, but for sure */
+		return 0;
+	if (wc == L'\0') {
+		/* The following condition must be always true, but for sure */
+		if (size > 0 && buf[size - 1] == '\0')
+			--size;
+	}
+	if (size > 0)
+		fwrite(buf, 1, size, stdout);
+	return wc == L'\0' ? 0 : wcwidth(wc);
+}
+
+int
+printescaped(const char *src)
+{
+	int n = 0;
+	mbstate_t src_state, stdout_state;
+	/* The following +1 is to pass '\0' at the end of src to mbrtowc(). */
+	const char *endptr = src + strlen(src) + 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * We have to reset src_state each time in this function, because
+	 * the codeset of src pathname may not match with current locale.
+	 * Note that if we pass NULL instead of src_state to mbrtowc(),
+	 * there is no way to reset the state.
+	 */
+	memset(&src_state, 0, sizeof(src_state));
+	memset(&stdout_state, 0, sizeof(stdout_state));
+	while (src < endptr) {
+		wchar_t wc;
+		size_t rv, span = endptr - src;
+
+#if 0
+		/*
+		 * XXX - we should fix libc instead.
+		 * Theoretically this should work, but our current
+		 * implementation of iso2022 module doesn't actually work
+		 * as expected, if there are redundant escape sequences
+		 * which exceed 32 bytes.
+		 */
+		if (span > MB_CUR_MAX)
+			span = MB_CUR_MAX;
+#endif
+		rv = mbrtowc(&wc, src, span, &src_state);
+		if (rv == 0) { /* assert(wc == L'\0'); */
+			/* The following may output a shift sequence. */
+			n += printwc(wc, &stdout_state);
+			break;
+		}
+		if (rv == (size_t)-1) { /* probably errno == EILSEQ */
+			n += printwc(L'?', &stdout_state);
+			/* try to skip 1byte, because there is no better way */
+			src++;
+			memset(&src_state, 0, sizeof(src_state));
+		} else if (rv == (size_t)-2) {
+			if (span < MB_CUR_MAX) { /* incomplete char */
+				n += printwc(L'?', &stdout_state);
+				break;
+			}
+			src += span; /* a redundant shift sequence? */
+		} else {
+			n += printwc(iswprint(wc) ? wc : L'?', &stdout_state);
+			src += rv;
+		}
+	}
+	return n;
+}