utilities.md: document POSIX & LSB/FHS utility requirements

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+
+# Utilities
+
+## Fixed-location
+
+The following utilties are required by FHS to be in a particular location. Entries with a question mark are optional utilities.
+
+```
+    File        Required by         Packaged in
+└┬ /bin/
+ ├┬ cat         POSIX, FHS
+ │├ chgrp       POSIX, FHS
+ │├ chmod       POSIX, FHS
+ │├ chown       POSIX, FHS
+ │├ cp          POSIX, FHS
+ │├ date        POSIX, FHS
+ │├ dd          POSIX, FHS
+ │├ df          POSIX, FHS
+ │├ dmesg       FHS                 util-linux
+ │├ echo        POSIX, FHS
+ │├ false       POSIX, FHS
+ │├ hostname    FHS                 net-tools
+ │├ kill        POSIX, FHS          procps
+ │├ ln          POSIX, FHS
+ │├ login       FHS                 shadow
+ │├ ls          POSIX, FHS
+ │├ mkdir       POSIX, FHS
+ │├ mknod       FHS
+ │├ more        POSIX, FHS          util-linux
+ │├ mount       FHS                 util-linux
+ │├ mv          POSIX, FHS
+ │├ ps          POSIX, FHS          procps
+ │├ pwd         POSIX, FHS
+ │├ rm          POSIX, FHS
+ │├ rmdir       POSIX, FHS
+ │├ sed         POSIX, FHS          sed
+ │├ sh          POSIX, FHS          bash-binsh, dash-binsh
+ │├ stty        POSIX, FHS
+ │├ su          POSIX, FHS          shadow
+ │├ sync        FHS
+ │├ true        POSIX, FHS
+ │├ umount      FHS                 util-linux
+ │└ uname       POSIX, FHS
+ ├ /sbin/
+ ├┬ fastboot?   FHS
+ │├ fasthalt?   FHS
+ │├ fdisk?      FHS                 util-linux
+ │├ fsck?       FHS                 util-linux
+ │├ getty?      FHS
+ │├ halt?       FHS                 sysvinit
+ │├ ifconfig?   FHS                 net-tools
+ │├ init?       FHS                 sysvinit
+ │├ mkfs?       FHS                 util-linux
+ │├ mkswap?     FHS                 util-linux
+ │├ reboot?     FHS                 sysvinit
+ │├ route?      FHS                 net-tools
+ │├ shutdown    FHS                 sysvinit
+ │├ swapon?     FHS                 util-linux
+ │├ swapoff?    FHS                 util-linux
+ │└ update?     FHS
+ └┬ /usr/
+  ├ /usr/bin/
+  └┬ perl?      FHS                 perl
+   ├ python?    FHS                 
+   ├ tclsh?     FHS                 tcl
+   ├ wish?      FHS                 tk
+   └ expect?    FHS                 expect
+```
+
+## Somewhere in `$PATH`
+
+The following utilities are required to be present, but not in any particular location.
+
+Standards referenced:
+
+* [POSIX.1-2017](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/)
+* [LSB 5.0](https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/lsb.shtml)
+
+ Utility             | Standard          | Packaged in
+---------------------+-------------------+---------------------
+ `[`                 | LSB Common        |
+ `admin`             | POSIX             | `heirloom-devtools`
+ `alias`             | POSIX             |
+ `ar`                | POSIX, LSB Common | `binutils`
+ `asa`               | POSIX             |
+ `at`                | POSIX, LSB Common | `at`
+ `awk`               | POSIX, LSB Common | `mawk`
+ `basename`          | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `batch`             | POSIX, LSB Common | `at`
+ `bc`                | POSIX, LSB Common | `bc`
+ `bg`                | POSIX             |
+ `c99`               | POSIX             | `gcc`
+ `cal`               | POSIX             | `util-linux`
+ `cd`                | POSIX             | `execline`
+ `cflow`             | POSIX             | `cflow`
+ `chfn`              | LSB Common        | `shadow`
+ `chsh`              | LSB Common        | `shadow`
+ `cksum`             | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `cmp`               | POSIX, LSB Common | `diffutils`
+ `col`               | LSB Common        | `util-linux`
+ `comm`              | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `command`           | POSIX             |
+ `compress`          | POSIX             | `ncompress`?
+ `cpio`              | LSB Common        | `libarchive-tools`
+ `crontab`           | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `csplit`            | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `ctags`             | POSIX             | `ctags`
+ `cut`               | LSB Common        |
+ `cxref`             | POSIX             |
+ `delta`             | POSIX             | `heirloom-devtools`
+ `diff`              | POSIX, LSB Common | `diffutils`
+ `dirname`           | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `du`                | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `ed`                | POSIX, LSB Common | `ed`
+ `egrep`             | LSB Common        | `grep`
+ `env`               | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `ex`                | POSIX             | `vim`
+ `expand`            | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `expr`              | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `fc`                | POSIX             |
+ `fc-cache`          | LSB Desktop       | `fontconfig`
+ `fc-list`           | LSB Desktop       | `fontconfig`
+ `fc-match`          | LSB Desktop       | `fontconfig`
+ `fg`                | POSIX             |
+ `file`              | POSIX, LSB Common | `file`
+ `find`              | POSIX, LSB Common | `findutils`
+ `fold`              | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `foomatic-rip`      | LSB Imaging       | `cups-filters`
+ `fort77`            | POSIX             | `gcc`?
+ `fuser`             | POSIX, LSB Common | `psmisc`
+ `gencat`            | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `get`               | POSIX             | `heirloom-devtools`
+ `getconf`           | POSIX, LSB Common | `shimmy`
+ `getopts`           | POSIX             |
+ `grep`              | POSIX, LSB Common | `grep`
+ `groupadd`          | LSB Common        | `shadow`
+ `groupdel`          | LSB Common        | `shadow`
+ `groupmod`          | LSB Common        | `shadow`
+ `groups`            | LSB Common        | `shadow`
+ `gs`                | LSB Imaging       | `gnu-ghostscript`
+ `gzip`              | LSB Common        | `gzip`
+ `gunzip`            | LSB Common        | `gzip`
+ `hash`              | POSIX             |
+ `head`              | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `iconv`             | POSIX, LSB Common | `musl-utils`
+ `id`                | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `infocmp`           | LSB Common        | `ncurses`
+ `install`           | LSB Common        |
+ `install_initd`     | LSB Common        |
+ `ipcrm`             | POSIX, LSB Common | `util-linux`
+ `ipcs`              | POSIX, LSB Common | `util-linux`
+ `jobs`              | POSIX             |
+ `join`              | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `killall`           | LSB Common        | `psmisc`
+ `lex`               | POSIX             | `flex`
+ `link`              | POSIX             |
+ `locale`            | POSIX, LSB Common | `shimmy`
+ `localedef`         | POSIX, LSB Common | `shimmy`
+ `logger`            | POSIX, LSB Common | `util-linux`
+ `logname`           | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `lp`                | POSIX, LSB Common | `cups-client`
+ `lpr`               | LSB Common        | `cups-client`
+ `lsb_release`       | LSB Common        |
+ `m4`                | POSIX, LSB Common | `m4`
+ `mailx`             | POSIX, LSB Common | `mailx`
+ `make`              | POSIX, LSB Common | `make`
+ `man`               | POSIX, LSB Common | `man-db`
+ `md5sum`            | LSB Common        |
+ `mesg`              | POSIX             | `mesg`
+ `mkfifo`            | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `mktemp`            | LSB Common        |
+ `msgfmt`            | LSB Common        | `gettext-tiny`
+ `newgrp`            | POSIX, LSB Common | `shadow`
+ `nice`              | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `nl`                | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `nm`                | POSIX             | binutils
+ `nohup`             | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `od`                | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `passwd`            | LSB Common        | `shadow`
+ `paste`             | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `patch`             | POSIX, LSB Common | `patch`
+ `pathchk`           | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `pax`               | POSIX, LSB Common | `heirloom-pax`
+ `pidof`             | LSB Common        | `procps`
+ `pr`                | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `printf`            | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `prs`               | POSIX             | `heirloom-devtools`
+ `qalter`            | POSIX             |
+ `qdel`              | POSIX             |
+ `qhold`             | POSIX             |
+ `qmove`             | POSIX             |
+ `qmsg`              | POSIX             |
+ `qrerun`            | POSIX             |
+ `qrls`              | POSIX             |
+ `qselect`           | POSIX             |
+ `qsig`              | POSIX             |
+ `qstat`             | POSIX             |
+ `qsub`              | POSIX             |
+ `read`              | POSIX             | `heirloom-devtools`
+ `remove_initd`      | LSB Common        |
+ `renice`            | POSIX, LSB Common | `util-linux`
+ `rmdel`             | POSIX             | `heirloom-devtools`
+ `sact`              | POSIX             | `heirloom-devtools`
+ `sccs`              | POSIX             | `heirloom-devtools`
+ `sendmail`          | LSB Common        | `ssmtp`
+ `seq`               | LSB Common        |
+ `sleep`             | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `sort`              | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `split`             | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `strings`           | POSIX, LSB Common | `binutils`
+ `strip`             | POSIX, LSB Common | `binutils`
+ `tabs`              | POSIX             | `ncurses`
+ `tail`              | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `talk`              | POSIX             |
+ `tar`               | LSB Common        | `libarchive-tools`
+ `tee`               | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `test`              | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `tic`               | LSB Common        | `ncurses`
+ `time`              | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `touch`             | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `tput`              | POSIX, LSB Common | `ncurses`
+ `tr`                | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `tsort`             | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `tty`               | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `type`              | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `ulimit`            | POSIX             |
+ `umask`             | POSIX             | `execline`
+ `unalias`           | POSIX             |
+ `uncompress`        | POSIX             | `gzip`
+ `unexpand`          | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `unget`             | POSIX             | `heirloom-devtools`
+ `uniq`              | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `unlink`            | POSIX             |
+ `useradd`           | LSB Common        | `shadow`
+ `userdel`           | LSB Common        | `shadow`
+ `usermod`           | LSB Common        | `shadow`
+ `uucp`              | POSIX             |
+ `uudecode`          | POSIX             | `sharutils`
+ `uuencode`          | POSIX             | `sharutils`
+ `uustat`            | POSIX             |
+ `uux`               | POSIX             |
+ `val`               | POSIX             | `heirloom-devtools`
+ `vi`                | POSIX             | `nvi`
+ `wait`              | POSIX             | `execline`
+ `wc`                | POSIX, LSB Common |
+ `what`              | POSIX             |
+ `who`               | POSIX             |
+ `write`             | POSIX             |
+ `xargs`             | POSIX, LSB Common | `findutils`
+ `xdg-desktop-icon`  | LSB Desktop       | `xdg-utils`
+ `xdg-desktop-menu`  | LSB Desktop       | `xdg-utils`
+ `xdg-email`         | LSB Desktop       | `xdg-utils`
+ `xdg-icon-resource` | LSB Desktop       | `xdg-utils`
+ `xdg-mime`          | LSB Desktop       | `xdg-utils`
+ `xdg-open`          | LSB Desktop       | `xdg-utils`
+ `xdg-screensaver`   | LSB Desktop       | `xdg-utils`
+ `yacc`              | POSIX             | `bison`, `byacc`
+ `zcat`              | POSIX, LSB Common | `gzip`